-va
See also: Appendix:Variations of "va"
Cornish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Brythonic *maɣ, from Proto-Celtic *magos (“field”), from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s. Compare Welsh -fa, Old Irish mag.
Suffix
edit-va f (plural -vaow)
- Used to derive places from verbs and nouns.
Derived terms
editEstonian
editSuffix
edit-va
Finnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-pa, from Proto-Uralic *-pa. In the participial sense, the Finnish form descends from the weak-grade variant *-ba, which was eventually extended by analogy to all verbs. The original strong grade remains as -pa in a few words (e.g. syöpä, käypä, kaikkivoipa), but these have lost their verbal meaning. The adjective ending has also been generalized to its weak form (*-ba) through similar developments.
Suffix
edit-va (front vowel harmony variant -vä, linguistic notation -vA)
- Forms the present active participle of a verb, which is normally used like an adjective. The English equivalent is normally -ing, but sometimes also -ish.
- kirjoittaa (“to write”) + -va → kirjoittava (“writing, that writes”)
- punertaa (“to redden”) + -va → punertava (“reddish”)
- Forms an adjective from a noun.
Usage notes
edit- (participial): Some inflected forms have specific uses:
- genitive singular: used with verbs of reporting or observing to refer to someone doing an action according to that report or observation.
- Hänen sanotaan tekevän sen.
- It was said that s/he would do it.
- essive plural: used with possessive suffix and olla to mean someone is feigning or pretending to do something (see olla olevinaan)
- Hän oli lukevinaan kirjaa.
- S/he pretended to read a book.
- genitive singular: used with verbs of reporting or observing to refer to someone doing an action according to that report or observation.
Declension
edit| Inflection of -va (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -va | -vat | |
| genitive | -van | -vien | |
| partitive | -vaa | -via | |
| illative | -vaan | -viin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | -va | -vat | |
| accusative | nom. | -va | -vat |
| gen. | -van | ||
| genitive | -van | -vien -vain rare | |
| partitive | -vaa | -via | |
| inessive | -vassa | -vissa | |
| elative | -vasta | -vista | |
| illative | -vaan | -viin | |
| adessive | -valla | -villa | |
| ablative | -valta | -vilta | |
| allative | -valle | -ville | |
| essive | -vana | -vina | |
| translative | -vaksi | -viksi | |
| abessive | -vatta | -vitta | |
| instructive | — | -vin | |
| comitative | — | -vine | |
| Possessive forms of -va (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
editAnagrams
editHungarian
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-va
- (adverbial-participle suffix) Added to a verb to form the adverbial participle.
- Expressing an action done simultaneously by the subject of the main clause, like the English -ing form functioning as a participle (rather than a noun).
- úszik (“to swim”) →
- Úszva jött ide. ― He came here swimming.
- construed with van (“to be”), sometimes omitted: Expressing the result of a preceding action suffered or experienced (that is, with a passive sense), comparable to the past participle -ed.
- zár (“to close”) → zárva (van) (“(it is/has been) closed”, with the implication that it is currently inaccessible)
- Expressing an action done simultaneously by the subject of the main clause, like the English -ing form functioning as a participle (rather than a noun).
Usage notes
edit- (adverbial participle suffix) Variants:
- -va is added to back-vowel verbs
- fut (“to run”) → Futva jöttek vissza. ― They came back running.
- -ve is added to front-vowel verbs
- ismer (“to know”) → Ismerve téged, elfogadom a véleményedet. ― Knowing you, I accept your opinion.
- -ván a less frequent variant of -va
- szól (“to speak”) → Az írásról szólván, mikor jelenik meg a legújabb könyve? ― Speaking of writing, when will your next book be published?
- -vén a less frequent variant of -ve
- ismer (“to know”) → Nem ismervén a tényeket, erre a kérdésre nem tudok válaszolni. ― Not knowing the facts, I can't answer this question.
- -va is added to back-vowel verbs
Derived terms
editSee also
editInuktitut
editAlternative forms
edit- -pa (used after consonant)
Suffix
edit-va (Syllabics -ᕙ)
- non-specific 3rd person singular interrogative verb suffix
- kinauva?
- Who is she?
Latin
editPronunciation
edit- -va: (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [wa]
- -va: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [va]
- -vā: (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [waː]
- -vā: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [va]
Suffix
edit-va
- inflection of -vus:
Suffix
edit-vā
Pali
editAlternative forms
editAlternative scripts
Suffix
edit-va
Romanian
editEtymology
editProbably from va, the popular (folk) variant of the third-person singular indicative form of the verb vrea (“to want”) (cf. also its usage as an auxiliary verb, or in conjugated forms of (a) voi).
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-va
Categories:
- Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic
- Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Cornish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Cornish lemmas
- Cornish suffixes
- Cornish feminine suffixes
- Estonian non-lemma forms
- Estonian suffix forms
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish suffixes
- Finnish adjective-forming suffixes
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/vɒ
- Rhymes:Hungarian/vɒ/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian suffixes
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Inuktitut lemmas
- Inuktitut suffixes
- Inuktitut terms with usage examples
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin suffix forms
- Pali non-lemma forms
- Pali suffix forms
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian suffixes