Wiktionary

van

See also: Appendix:Variations of "van"

EnglishEdit

 
A van (motor vehicle).

PronunciationEdit

  • enPR: văn, IPA(key): /væn/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -æn

Etymology 1Edit

Short for caravan.

NounEdit

van (plural vans)

  1. A covered motor vehicle used to carry goods or (normally less than ten) persons, usually roughly cuboid in shape, longer and higher than a car but relatively smaller than a truck/lorry or a bus.
    The van sped down the road.
    Synonyms: (chiefly if used to carry a few people; "minivan" is officially used in North America) minivan, minibus
  2. (Britain) An enclosed railway vehicle for transport of goods, such as a boxcar/box van.
  3. (dated) A light wagon, either covered or open, used by tradesmen and others for the transportation of goods.
  4. (aerospace) A large towable vehicle equipped for the repair of structures that cannot easily be moved.
    • 1959, Western Aerospace (volume 39, page 46)
      Designed to be fully mobile and self-contained, the complete equipment includes an air-conditioned van containing all necessary electronic gear and a flat bed trailer in which missiles, jet engines and other large assemblies may be cleaned.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

VerbEdit

van (third-person singular simple present vans, present participle vanning, simple past and past participle vanned)

  1. (transitive) To transport in a van or similar vehicle (especially of horses).
    • 1966, United States Congress, Senate, Committee on Commerce, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
      I have to have a license to own them, a license to train them, my jockey has to have a license to ride them, the van company must have a license to van them, and the black shoe man must have a license to shoe them.
    • 1999, Bonnie Bryant, Changing Leads, page 53:
      [They] had their own horses, but they hadn't bothered to van them over to Pine Hollow for this outing.
  2. (Internet slang, used in passive voice) Of law enforcement: to arrest (not necessarily in a van; derived from party van).
Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Shortening of vanguard.

NounEdit

van (plural vans)

  1. Clipping of vanguard.
    • 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost‎[1], book 5, lines 588–590:
      Ten thousand thousand Ensignes high advanc'd, / Standards, and Gonfalons twixt Van and Reare / Streame in the Aire, and for distinction serve
    • 1698, Ned Ward, The London Spy:
      Then a bumper to the Queen led the van of our good wishes, another to the Church Established, a third was left to the whim of the toaster […]
    • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:
      As for the guides, they were debarred from the pleasure of discourse, the one being placed in the van, and the other obliged to bring up the rear.
    • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
      We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine. We passed on the way the van of the guests from Asquith.
    • 1965, Chakravarthi V. Narasimhan, “Virāṭa Parva”, in The Mahābhārata, book 4, 33, page 84:
      Bhīṣma then outlined the following strategy: “… Let Karṇa, clad in armour, stand in the van. And I shall command the entire army in the rear.”

Etymology 3Edit

From Cornish.

NounEdit

van (plural vans)

  1. (mining) A shovel used in cleansing ore.

VerbEdit

van (third-person singular simple present vans, present participle vanning, simple past and past participle vanned)

  1. (mining) To wash or cleanse, as a small portion of ore, on a shovel.[1]
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

From Latin vannus (“a van, or fan for winnowing grain”): compare French van and English fan, winnow. Doublet of fan.

NounEdit

van (plural vans)

  1. A fan or other contrivance, such as a sieve, for winnowing grain.
  2. A wing with which the air is beaten.
Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ 1881, Rossiter W. Raymond, A Glossary of Mining and Metallurgical Terms
  • van at OneLook Dictionary Search
  • van in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

AnagramsEdit

AfrikaansEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch van (“from; of”).

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

van

  1. of
  2. from

See alsoEdit

ParticleEdit

van

  1. (used with a following definite article) some of (the)
    Van die wêreld se beste wyne kom van hierdie streek af.
    Some of the world’s best wines are from this region.
    Ons het met van die belangrikste politieke leiers gespreek.
    We have spoken to some of the most important political leaders.

Antillean CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French vent.

NounEdit

van

  1. air
  2. wind
  3. breath
  4. intestinal gas

CatalanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

van

  1. third-person plural present indicative form of anar
    Van al cinema. ― They go to the cinema.
  2. (auxiliary, with infinitive) third-person plural present indicative form of anar
    Van anar al cinema. ― They went to the cinema.

ChineseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English van.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

van

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, often in compounds) van; minibus; vehicle (Classifier: 架 c)

Derived termsEdit

CzechEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈvan]
  • Hyphenation: van

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

van m inan

  1. (archaic, poetic) breeze (light, gentle wind)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of van
singular plural
nominative van vany
genitive vanu vanů
dative vanu vanům
accusative van vany
vocative vane vany
locative vanu vanech
instrumental vanem vany
Related termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

NounEdit

van f

  1. genitive plural of vana

Further readingEdit

  • van in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • van in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • van in Internetová jazyková příručka

DanishEdit

 
Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse vanr (pl vanir (“one of two groups of gods in Norse mythology”)).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

van c (singular definite vanen, plural indefinite vaner)

  1. one of the Vanir
InflectionEdit
Declension of van
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative van vanen vaner vanerne
genitive vans vanens vaners vanernes

Etymology 2Edit

From English van.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

van c (singular definite vanen, plural indefinite vaner)

  1. van
InflectionEdit
Declension of van
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative van vanen vaner vanerne
genitive vans vanens vaners vanernes

Etymology 3Edit

From Old Norse vanr (“wont, accustomed”).

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

van

  1. (dated) pleje van – nurse, take care of
Usage notesEdit

DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Dutch van, from Old Dutch fan (“from”), from Proto-Germanic *fanē, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂poneh₁ (“from”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo, *h₂pó (“off, of”). Cognate with Old Saxon fana, fan (“from”), Old Frisian fan, fon (“from”), Old High German fona, fon (“from”).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /vɑn/
  • (Northern) [fɑn]
  • (Suriname) [fan]
  • Audio (NL)(file)
  • Hyphenation: van
  • Rhymes: -ɑn

PrepositionEdit

van

  1. of (possession, property)
    de hoed van het meisje
    the hat of the girl
    het gewicht van een olifant
    the weight of an elephant
  2. of (general association)
    Zij was van adel.
    She was of noble stock.
    een stad van één miljoen inwoners
    a city of one million inhabitants
    Hij is een man van eer.
    He's a man of honour.
    Dat is hier niet van toepassing.
    That's not applicable here.
    de trein van tien uur
    the train of ten o'clock
  3. by, of (creator)
    een schilderij van Rubens
    a painting by Rubens
    een plaat van de Beatles
    a record of the Beatles
  4. from (origin)
    Hij komt van Griekenland.
    He's from Greece.
  5. from (starting point of a movement or change)
    Hij ging van deur tot deur.
    He went from door to door.
    van vader op zoon.
    from father to son.
  6. from (starting point in time)
    van toen af aan.
    from then onwards
    van 's avonds laat tot 's morgens vroeg
    from late at night till the early morning
    van dag tot dag
    from day to day
  7. from, off (removal of something from off something else)
    het vlees van de beenderen snijden.
    to cut the meat from the bones
  8. of, out of, from, with (cause)
    sidderen van angst
    to tremble with fear
    tranen van geluk
    tears of joy
  9. of, out of, with (material or resource)
    Deze tafel is gemaakt van hout.
    This table is made (out) of wood.
    Van dit geld kan ik een basgitaar kopen.
    With this money I'm able to buy a bass.
  10. of, out of, among (out of a larger whole; partitive)
    de jongste van zijn dochters
    the youngest of his daughters
    Van alle mensen ben ik de mooiste.
    Out of all people I am the most beautiful.
    Drink niet te veel van dat bier, het is erg sterk.
    Don't drink too much of that beer, it is very strong.
  11. from, was, formerly (indicating a change in price)
    van 5 €, voor 3 €
    was €5, now €3
  12. (colloquial) like (quotative (used to introduce direct speech))
    Ik dacht van hé wat gek. — I thought, hey, how strange.

InflectionEdit

Pronominal adverbs of van
preposition van
postpositional adv. van
+ het (it) ervan
+ dit (this) hiervan
+ dat (that) daarvan
+ wat (what) waarvan
+ iets (something) ergens van
+ niets (nothing) nergens van
+ alles (everything) overal van

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Afrikaans: van
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: fan
  • Javindo: fan
  • Jersey Dutch: vān, fān, f'n
  • Negerhollands: van, fan, fa
    • → Virgin Islands Creole: fam
  • Skepi Creole Dutch: fan

AdverbEdit

van

  1. of, from
    Ik neem er tien van. — I’ll take ten of them.
  2. from
    Ik vertrek van daar. — I’ll start from there.
  3. by, from
    Ik word er gek van. — It drives me crazy.
    Men wordt daar sloom van. — It turns one numb.
  4. of, about
    Wat zegt u daar van? — What do you say about that?
    Ik weet daar niks van. — I don’t know anything about that.

Derived termsEdit

NounEdit

van m (plural vans or vannen)

  1. A surname or nickname beginning with the preposition van.
  2. Any surname.
    Synonyms: achternaam, familienaam

See alsoEdit

FrenchEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Latin vannus

NounEdit

van m (plural vans)

  1. a winnowing basket

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from English van.

NounEdit

van m (plural vans)

  1. a horse trailer
    • Adolphe de Neuter, Mémoires d'un entraîneur, volume 1: La casaque rose, Paris: Imprimerie Kapp, 1925, p. 145
      C'est à l'occasion du Saint-Léger gagné par Elis que l'on usa pour la première fois d'un van comme mode de locomotion pour les chevaux. Ce fut l'occasion d'un coup monstre.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
      ils leur ont montré comment faire monter un cheval dans un van, le lâcher, effectuer les premiers soins de sauvetage avant l’arrivée du vétérinaire.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

Further readingEdit

GalicianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Galician-Portuguese vão (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin vānus (“empty”). Cognate with Portuguese vão and Spanish vano.

AdjectiveEdit

van m (feminine singular va, masculine plural vans, feminine plural vas)

  1. empty, devoid of content, containing only air
  2. useless, ineffective
  3. (of a person) vacuous, trivial-minded

NounEdit

van m (plural vans)

  1. waist
  2. empty, vacant

Derived termsEdit

VerbEdit

van

  1. third-person plural present indicative of ir

ReferencesEdit

  • “vão” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “vão” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “van” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “van” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “van” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

GalloEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

NounEdit

van m (plural vans)

  1. (agriculture) winnowing machine

Haitian CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French vent (“wind”).

NounEdit

van

  1. wind

HungarianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Hungarian vagyon. See Hungarian volt.

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

van

  1. (copulative) to be
    Antonym: nem…
  2. there to be, to exist
    Synonyms: létezik, található
    Antonym: nincs
    Van itt valaki? ― Is there anybody here?
  3. to have; someone (-nak/-nek) has something (-a/-e/-ja/-je)
    Péternek van egy kutyája. ― Peter has a dog.
  4. to be made (out) of something (with -ból/-ből)
    Synonym: készült
  5. to be (auxiliary verb indicating the statal passive, used with the adverbial participle form -va/-ve of the main verb)
    A probléma még nincs megoldva. ― The question isn’t yet solved.
    • 1846, János Arany, Toldi,[2], canto 6, stanza 13, prose translation by Anton N. Nyerges:[3]
      „Szakmány módra van rám mérve minden óra: / Jöttem kegyelmedhez búcsuvevő szóra.”
      “Every hour is measured as though by contract. / I come to bid you now farewell.”

Usage notesEdit

  • Omission of the present-tense third-person singular and plural forms:
    When used with an adjective (qualification) or a noun (whether with the definite or the indefinite article), i.e. when it answers the question who? or what? (including what …… like?) or which?, the (indicative present third-person) forms van and vannak are omitted:
    Béla okos. ― Béla is clever.
    Béla a király. ― Béla is the king.
    Béla egy ember. ― Béla is a human.
    On the other hand, if is or are answers the question where? or how?, these verb forms will appear as usual:
    Béla itt van. ― Béla is here.
    Béla jól van. ― Béla is (feeling) well.
    It also appears if van/vannak is the focus of the sentence. This happens when the sentence means that the property described by the adjective (e.g. strength) reaches or exceeds some specified level and this is emphasized by the speaker. In this case, the adjective is preceded by a word like olyan (“such”), annyira (“that much”), elég (“enough”).
    Béla van annyira erős, hogy felemelje a szekrényt. ― Béla is strong enough to lift the cupboard.
    The forms other than van and vannak are always used.
    Béla okos volt. ― Béla was clever.
    Okos vagyok. ― I am clever.
    In other senses, all forms are used:
    With adverbs and adverbial participles (suffixed -va/-ve)
    Hogy van? ― How is he? (also How are you?, formal singular)
    El van törve. ― It is broken.
  • The negative form is nincs or nincsen and sincs or sincsen (the latter two expressing “is not … either”).
    Nincs pénzem. ― I don't have any money.
    Itt sincs étel. ― There 'isn’t any food here either.
  • If the predicate includes an adjective or a noun, that is, if it answers the question who, what etc. (see above), the third person present forms are omitted again, only nem remains:
    Béla nem tanár. ― Béla is not a teacher.

(exist, there is, to have): (have is expressed by there is in Hungarian):

  • Van egy ház a hegyen. ― There is a house on the mountain.
    Van egy kutyám. ― I have a dog. (literally, “There is a dog-[of]-mine.”)

ConjugationEdit

conjugation of van
1st person sg 2nd person sg informal 3rd person sg,
2nd person sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl informal 3rd person pl,
2nd person pl formal
Indicative Mood Present Indefinite vagyok vagy van vagyunk vagytok vannak
Definite intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
Past Indefinite voltam voltál volt voltunk voltatok voltak
Definite ―
Future Indefinite leszek leszel lesz leszünk lesztek lesznek
Definite ―
Conditional Mood Present Indefinite lennék or
volnék 		lennél or
volnál 		lenne or
volna 		lennénk or
volnánk 		lennétek or
volnátok 		lennének or
volnának
Definite ―
Past Indefinite lettem volna lettél volna lett volna lettünk volna lettetek volna lettek volna
Definite ―
Subjunctive Mood Present Indefinite legyek légy or
legyél 		legyen legyünk legyetek legyenek
Definite ―
Infinitive lenni lennem lenned lennie lennünk lennetek lenniük
Other nonfinite
verb forms 		Verbal noun Present participle Past participle Future part. Adverbial part. Potential
lét levő or lévő volt leendő léve or lévén lehet

Derived termsEdit

(With verbal prefixes):

Expressions with this term at the beginning
Expressions with this term in the middle
Expressions with this term at the end

Further readingEdit

  • (all verb senses): van in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • ([dialectal] synonym of the noun vagyon): van in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

InterlinguaEdit

AdjectiveEdit

van (comparative plus van, superlative le plus van)

  1. vain, futile
  2. vain, worthless
  3. vain, conceited

ItalianEdit

AdjectiveEdit

van (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of vano

ManxEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English van.

NounEdit

van f (genitive singular van, plural vannyn)

  1. van (vehicle)

SynonymsEdit

Middle DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Dutch fan, from Proto-Germanic *fanē.

PrepositionEdit

van

  1. of
  2. from (a place, person)
  3. from (a time)
  4. out of
  5. from, out of, because of

DescendantsEdit

Further readingEdit

MòchenoEdit

ContractionEdit

van

  1. va + an, from a, of a

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse vanr.

AdjectiveEdit

van (neuter vant, definite singular and plural vane)

  1. being used to (doing) something
Related termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

 
Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

From Old Norse vanr m.

NounEdit

van m (definite singular vanen, indefinite plural vaner or vanar, definite plural vanene or vanane)

  1. (Norse mythology) one of the Vanir

Etymology 3Edit

Borrowed from Dutch van (“of, from”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *fanē. Doublet of von.

PrepositionEdit

van

  1. Used in Dutch surnames.

ReferencesEdit

AnagramsEdit

PolishEdit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

EtymologyEdit

Unadapted borrowing from English van.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

van m inan

  1. van (covered vehicle)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of van
singular plural
nominative van vany
genitive vana vanów
dative vanowi vanom
accusative van vany
instrumental vanem vanami
locative vanie vanach
vocative vanie vany

Further readingEdit

  • van in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • van in Polish dictionaries at PWN

PortugueseEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

van f (plural vans)

  1. (Brazil) van (a covered vehicle used for carrying goods)
    Synonym: furgão

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin vānus, Italian vano.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

van m or n (feminine singular vană, masculine plural vani, feminine and neuter plural vane)

  1. vain
  2. futile
  3. idle
  4. fruitless
  5. vainglorious

DeclensionEdit

Declension of van
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite van vană vani vane
definite vanul vana vanii vanele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite van vane vani vane
definite vanului vanei vanilor vanelor

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Serbo-CroatianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *vъnъ.

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

vȁn (Cyrillic spelling ва̏н)

  1. except

PrepositionEdit

vȁn (Cyrillic spelling ва̏н) (+ genitive case)

  1. outside, out
    van kuće ― outside, outdoors
  2. out of
    van zemlje ― abroad

AdverbEdit

vȃn (Cyrillic spelling ва̑н)

  1. out, outside, outdoors

SpanishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈban/ [ˈbãn]
  • Audio (Colombia)(file)
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Syllabification: van

Etymology 1Edit

Borrowed from English van.

NounEdit

van m (plural vanes)

  1. van (vehicle)

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin vadunt, third-person plural present indicative of vadō (“to go”).

VerbEdit

van

  1. third-person plural present indicative of ir

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse vanr, from Proto-Germanic *wanaz, from Proto-Indo-European *wāno-.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

van (comparative vanare, superlative vanast)

  1. accustomed to, used to, having the habit to
    Han är van vid att stiga upp klockan sju varje morgon.
    He is used to getting up at seven every morning.
  2. experienced, adept
    Hon är en van bilförare.
    She is an experienced driver.

AntonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

AnagramsEdit

TagalogEdit

EtymologyEdit

Unadapted borrowing from English van.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

van

  1. van (covered vehicle)

Further readingEdit

VietnameseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

van • (呅, 𠹚, 𠺺)

  1. to beg, to implore
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from French valve.

NounEdit

(classifier cái) van

  1. valve

Etymology 3Edit

Borrowed from French valse.

NounEdit

van

  1. waltz
SynonymsEdit

Usage notesEdit

Southern speakers pronounce the loanwords meaning "valve" and "waltz" with the phoneme /n/, not /ŋ/.

YolaEdit

AdverbEdit

van

  1. Alternative form of fan
    • 1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, line 10:
      Van a vierd durst a bargher an a haar galshied too,
      When a weasel crossed the road, and a hare gazed at me too,

ReferencesEdit

  • Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 129

ZouEdit

NounEdit

van

  1. heaven, sky

ReferencesEdit

  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 46
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