Wiktionary:About Old Ruthenian
(Redirected from Wiktionary:AORT)
![]() |
This is a Wiktionary policy, guideline or common practices page. Specifically it is a policy think tank, working to develop a formal policy. |
Policies – Entries: CFI - EL - NORM - NPOV - QUOTE - REDIR - DELETE. Languages: LT - AXX. Others: BLOCK - BOTS - VOTES. |
Periodization
editOld Ruthenian is defined in Wiktionary as being between the mid-15th century (c. 1450) to the late 18th century (c. 1800).
Spelling normalization
editLetters
editа | б | в | г | кг | ґ * | д | е | ж | з | ї | и | й | к | л | м | н | о | ѡ * | п | р | с | т | у | ф | х | ц | ч | ш | щ | ъ | ы | ь | ѣ | є | ю | ꙗ | ѧ | ||
a | b | v | h | g | d | e | ž | z | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | o | ô | p | r | s | t | u | f | x | c | č | š | šč | ∅ | ʺ | y | ʹ | ě | je | ju | ja |
* Use these letters for alternative forms.[1]
See also WT:Old Ruthenian transliteration
Concerining spelling, the following practices are followed:
- For
/e/
use е instead of є or Middle Belarusian э. - For
/o/
use о instead of ѻ, ꙩ, etc. - For
/u/
use у instead of оу, ꙋ or ѫ. - For
/y/
use ы instead of ꙑ. - For
/i/
use и instead of і or ѵ. - For
/j/
use й avoiding и.[6] - For
/je/
use є instead of е or ѥ. - For
/ju/
use ю instead of ѭ. - For
/ja/
use ꙗ and ѧ instead of я or ѩ. - There should always be ъ at the end if the word ends in a consonant.[10]
- Always use ѣ as etymologically expected.[13]
- For
/g/
use кг for main entries and ґ in alternative form. - For
/z/
use з instead of ѕ, ꙁ, etc. - For
/šč/
use щ instead of Middle Belarusian шч. - For
/ks/
preferably use кс instead of ѯ. - For
/ps/
preferably use пс instead of ѱ. - For
/f/
preferably use ф instead of ѳ.
Word forms
editGive preference to these forms of words:
- Word forms that have already undergone labiovelarization -l- > -ŭ- > -v-.[15]
- The ending -ецъ, not -ець (from Proto-Slavic *-ьcь).[16]
- And also за́ѧцъ (zájacʹ), мѣ́сѧцъ (mě́sjacʹ) (from Proto-Slavic *zàję̄cь, *mě̀sę̄cь).
- The ending -ица, not -ицꙗ (from Proto-Slavic *-ica).[17]
- The ending -ьє (and -їє, mainly in Church Slavonicisms), not -є, -ꙗ and doubled consonants before them (from Proto-Slavic *-ьje).[18]
- Word forms that have already undergone a transition -e- > -o- after ж, ш, ч.[19]
- Explanation
- ^ E.g. кгрунтъ (grunt) and alternative spelling form ґрунтъ (grunt); or бобъ (bob) and alternative Middle Ukrainian form бѡбъ (bôb).
- ^ E.g. єжъ (jež), за́єцъ (zájecʹ), etc.
- ^ E.g. ерро́ръ (errór) < Latin error, ехо (exo) < Old Polish echo, etc.
- ^ E.g. ра́рѡгъ (rárôh), дѡмъ (dôm), вѡлъ (vôl), пѡ́знїй (pốznij), etc.
- ^ E.g. гїє́на (hijéna), мело́дїꙗ (melódija), си́нїй (sínij), кї́євскїй (kíjevskij), правосла́вїє (pravoslávije), etc.
- ^ E.g., ру́скїй (rúskij) or голубы́й (holubýj) is correct, but ру́скии (rúskii) or голубы́и (holubýi) is incorrect.
- ^ E.g. ꙗгнѧ́ (jahnjá) < Proto-Slavic *(j)àgnę, во́лꙗ (vólja) < Proto-Slavic *voľà, зїꙗ́ти (zijáti) < Proto-Slavic *zijàti, ѧзы́къ (jazýk) < Proto-Slavic *(j)ęzỳkъ, etc.
- ^ E.g. цыбу́лꙗ (cybúlja) < Old Polish cebula, Россї́ꙗ (Rossíja) < Byzantine Greek Ῥωσσία (Rhōssía), ола́дьꙗ (oládʹja) < Ancient Greek ἐλάδιον (eládion), ꙗли́на (jalína) < єли́на (jelína), etc.
- ^ E.g. дѧ́ковати (djákovati) < Old Polish dziękować, etc.
- ^ E.g., оди́нъ (odín) or сынъ (syn) is correct, but оди́н (odín) or сын (syn) is incorrect.
- ^ E.g. въѣ́здъ (vʺjě́zd), обезъꙗ́на (obezʺjána), въю́нъ (vʺjún), etc.
- ^ E.g. гри́вна (hrívna) < Proto-Slavic *grìvьna is correct, but гри́вьна (hrívʹna), гри́въна (hrívna) is incorrect.
- ^ E.g. ѣ́сти (jě́sti) < Proto-Slavic *ě̀sti is correct, but є́сти (jésti), е́сти (ésti) is incorrect.
- ^ E.g. звѣръ (zvěr) and звиръ (zvir), etc.
- ^ E.g. вовкъ (vovk), мо́ва (móva), жо́втый (žóvtyj), from earlier волкъ (volk), мо́лва (mólva), жо́лтый (žóltyj), etc.
- ^ E.g. украи́нецъ (ukraínecʹ), сма́лецъ (smálecʹ), селе́децъ (selédecʹ), etc.
- ^ E.g. вовчи́ца (vovčíca), комони́ца (komoníca), вѣ́верица (vě́verica), etc.
- ^ E.g. нарѣ́чьє (narě́čʹje), воло́сьє (volósʹje), правосла́вїє (pravoslávije), etc.
- ^ E.g. чоты́ри (čotýri), чоловѣ́къ (čolově́k), бчола́ (bčolá), жо́нка (žónka), etc.
Typical layout
edit==Old Ruthenian== ===Alternative forms=== * {{alt|zle-ort|}} ===Etymology=== {{inh+|zle-ort|orv|}}, from {{inh|zle-ort|sla-pro|*}}{{dercat|zle-ort|ine-bsl-pro|ine-pro|inh=1}}{{root|zle-ort|ine-pro|*-}}. {{surf|zle-ort||}}. {{bor+|zle-ort|zlw-mpl|}}. {{etydate|c|early/mid/late 1500s/16th century, and later exactly from 1555}} From {{af|zle-ort|}}. Compare {{cog|pl|}}. ===Noun/Verb/Adjective/Numeral=== {{zle-ort-noun|||gen=|pl=|genpl=|adj=|dim=}} {{zle-ort-verb||impf}} {{zle-ort-adj|}} {{head|zle-ort|numeral|head=|g=}} # {{lb|zle-ort|}} [[]] {{gl|}} #: {{syn|zle-ort|}} ====Derived terms==== {{col-auto|zle-ort|title=adjectives|}} {{col-auto|zle-ort|title=adverbs|}} {{col-auto|zle-ort|title=nouns|}} {{col-auto|zle-ort|title=verbs|}} ====Related terms==== {{col-auto|zle-ort|title=adjectives|}} {{col-auto|zle-ort|title=adverbs|}} {{col-auto|zle-ort|title=nouns|}} {{col-auto|zle-ort|title=verbs|}} ====Descendants==== * {{desc|be|}} * {{desc|rue|}} * {{desc|uk||;|<g:><qq:dialectal>}} * {{desc|zle-mru||bor=1|unc=1}} ** {{desc|ru|}} ===References=== <references/> ===Further reading=== * {{R:zle-obe:HSBM||||}} * {{R:zle-ouk:SUM-28|||}} * {{R:zle-ouk:ISUJa||}} * {{R:zle-ouk:SSUM|||}} * {{R:zle-ouk:MSPKUM|||}} * {{R:zle-ouk:Dezső:1996||}} * {{R:zle-ouk:UK||}} {{c|zle-ort|}}
Sources
editReference template | Work | Notes |
---|---|---|
Main Old Ruthenian dictionaries | ||
{{R:zle-obe:HSBM||||}}
|
Zhurawski, A. I., Bulyka, A. M., editor (1982–2017), Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 1–37 (А – ящыкъ), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka | |1= Entry name (e.g. слово ) |2= Page (e.g. 429 ) |3= Issue (e.g. 31 ) |4= URL code from https://verbum.by/hsbm/ (e.g. slovo )
|
{{R:zle-ouk:SUM-28|||}}
|
Hrynchyshyn, D. H., Voitiv, H. V., Chikalo, M. I., editor (1994–2022), Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст.: у 28-ми вип. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.: in 28ᵗʰ issue] (in Ukrainian), numbers 1–18 (А – мѧтка), Lviv: Ivan Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies, →ISBN | |1= Entry name (e.g. звѣръ ) |2= Page (e.g. 139 ) |3= Issue (e.g. 11 )
|
{{R:zle-ouk:ISUJa||}}
|
Tymchenko, E. K., editor (1930–1932), Історичний словник українського язика [Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1, numbers 1–2 (А – жяловати), Kharkiv, Kyiv: State Publishing House of Ukraine; Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia | |1= Entry name (e.g. жена ) |2= Page (e.g. 917 )
|
{{R:zle-ouk:SSUM|||}}
|
Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1977–1978), Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–2 (А – Ѳ), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka | |1= Entry name (e.g. дяковати ) |2= Page (e.g. 342 ) |3= Volume (e.g. 1 )
|
Additional Old Ruthenian dictionaries | ||
{{R:zle-ouk:MSPKUM|||}}
|
Tymchenko, E. K. (2002–2003) Nimchuk, V. V., editor, Матеріали до словника писемної та книжної української мови XV–XVIII ст.: у 2-х кн. [Materials for the Dictionary of the Written and Book Ukrainian Language of 15ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc.: in 2 bks.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–2 (А – Я), Kyiv, New York: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., →ISBN | |1= Entry name (e.g. рука ) |2= Page (e.g. 299 ) |3= Volume (e.g. 2 )
|
{{R:zle-ouk:Dezső:1996||}}
|
Dezső, László (1996) Деловая письменность русинов в XVII–XVIII вв. [Rusyn Business Writing in the 17ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ c.] (in Russian), Nyíregyháza: Bessenyei György Tanárképző Főiskola; Ukrán és Ruszin Filológiai Tanszék | |1= Entry name (e.g. ширый ) |2= Page (e.g. 182 )
|
{{R:zle-ouk:UK||}}
|
Dydyk-Meush, H. M., Slobodzianyk, O. Z. (2015) Українські краєвиди XVI–XVIII ст. [Ukrainian landscapes of 16ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), Lviv: Kolo, →ISBN | |1= Entry name (e.g. степъ ) |2= Page (e.g. 312 )
|
{{R:zle-ouk:KomSUM||}}
|
Dydyk-Meush, H. M. (2018) Комбінаторний словник української мови XVI–XVIII ст. (А – Б) [Combinatorial Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of the 16ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc. (A – B)] (in Ukrainian), Lviv: Kolo, →ISBN, pages 503–687 | |1= Entry name (e.g. блядивый ) |2= Page (e.g. 581 )
|
{{R:zle-obe:SBL|}}
|
Pryhodzič, M. R., Civanova, H. K., editors (1997), Старабеларускі лексікон [Old Belarusian Lexicon] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Society “Chata”, →ISBN | |1= Entry name (e.g. хортъ )
|
Other sources of Old Ruthenian words | ||
{{R:orv:S.Rus||}}
|
Stryzhak, O. S., editor (1985), Етимологічний словник літописних географічних назв Південної Русі [Etymological Dictionary of Chronicle Geographical Names of Southern Rus'] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka | |1= Entry name (e.g. Чьрнобыль ) |2= Page (e.g. 174 )
|
{{R:uk:EDUL|||}}
|
Rudnyc'kyj, Ja.-B. (1962–1982) An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1–2 (А – Ь), numbers 1–22, Winnipeg, Ottawa: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences, Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN | |1= Entry name (e.g. вода́ ) |2= Page (e.g. 458 ) |3= Volume (e.g. 2 )
|
{{R:zle-ouk:Dezső:1965||}}
|
Dezső, László (1965) Материалы к словарю закарпатской литературы XVI–XVII вв. [Materials for the Dictionary of Transcarpathian Literature of the 16ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.] (in Russian), microfilm, Budapest | |1= Entry name |2= Page
|
{{R:zle-ouk:ULM16||}}
|
Ohienko, Ivan (1930) Українська літературна мова XVI-го ст. і Крехівський Апостол 1560-х р. [Ukrainian Literary Language of the 16ᵗʰ с. & the Krekhiv Apostle of 1560s] (in Ukrainian), volume 2, Warsaw: Synodal Printing House | |1= Entry name (e.g. Тимоѳей ) |2= Page (e.g. 129 )
|
{{R:zle-ouk:URS17||}}
|
Ohienko, Ivan (1951) Українсько-російський словник початку XVII-го віку [An early 17ᵗʰ c. Ukrainian-Russian Dictionary] (Slavistica; 11) (in Ukrainian), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences | |1= Entry name (e.g. доскона́лы ) |2= Page (e.g. 29 )
|
{{R:zle-ort:Lexis||||}}
|
Zizanij, Lavrentij (1596) Лєксис – Си́рѣчъ рече́нїѧ, въкра́тъцѣ събра́нⸯны и иꙁ Словенскаго ꙗꙁы́ка, на про́стыⸯ Рꙋ́скій діѧ́лектъ истолⸯкова́ны [Lexis – Words briefly collected and interpreted from the Slavonic language into a simple Rusian dialect] (overall work in Old Church Slavonic and Old Ruthenian), Vilnius: Vilna Brother Printing House | |1= Entry name (e.g. та̑то ) |2= Page (e.g. 239 ) |3= Column (e.g. 2 ) |4= Line (e.g. 17 )
|