anti-
English edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”). Doublet of and- and ante-.
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
- Against, opposed to.
- Synonym: counter-
- Antonym: pro-
- anti- + abortion → antiabortion
- anti- + racism → antiracism
- Counteracting, neutralizing.
- Synonym: counter-
- anti- + aircraft → antiaircraft
- anti- + freeze → antifreeze
- anti- + bacterial → antibacterial
- The opposite of what is typically expected.
- Physically opposite, reverse in position or direction.
- anti- + clockwise → anticlockwise
- anti- + Arctic → Antarctic
- A rival or counterpart to.
- anti- + pope → antipope (“a person who claims to be the real pope”)
- anti- + Christ → Antichrist
- (particle physics) Composed of antimatter.
- anti- + electron → antielectron
- anti- + galaxy → antigalaxy
- (immunology) Reacting with immunoglobins found in the specified animal.
- anti- + rabbit → antirabbit
- anti- + horse → antihorse
Usage notes edit
- anti- should not be confused with the prefix ante- of Latin (not Greek) origin meaning “before”. (However, anti- does exist as a variant spelling of ante- in some borrowed words, such as anticipate and antipasto, but this spelling cannot be used to coin English words.)
- anti- sometimes becomes ant- before words beginning in a vowel, as does ante-: antacid.
- In British English, the anti- forms are often hyphenated as evidenced by OED's many anti- entries using hyphen. However, the exact convention significantly varies.
- GPO manual recommends using a hyphen when prefixing capitalized words except when usage dictates otherwise.[1] This is matched by usual practice: anti-American or anti-Christian.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See also edit
See also edit
References edit
- ^ 6. Compounding Rules in U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual, govinfo.gov
Further reading edit
- “anti-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “anti-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “anti-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN. -- lists many derived terms
Anagrams edit
Basque edit
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “anti-” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “anti-”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “anti-” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- anti- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
Danish edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Indonesian: anti-
Esperanto edit
Etymology edit
Derived from Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Internationalism (see English anti-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “anti-”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams edit
French edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “anti-”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”).
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
From
.
Further reading edit
- “anti-” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
Garo edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Classifier edit
anti-
- classifier for weeks
Synonyms edit
German edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”), influenced by Latin borrowings from Greek beginning with anti- (like Antichristus) and German borrowings from Latin or Greek.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Ido edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English anti-, French anti-, German anti-, Italian anti-, Spanish anti-, Russian анти- (anti-), all ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
- anti-, contra-, counter- (for use mainly in scientific terms)
- anti- + toxino (“toxin”) → antitoxino (“antitoxin”)
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Malay anti-, from Dutch anti-, from Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “anti-” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Italian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Prefix edit
anti-
Etymology 2 edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”).
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch anti-, from Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti- (Jawi spelling انت)
Usage notes edit
- Before proper nouns and numerals, this prefix must be followed by a dash '-'.
- Before other types of nouns, no dash is needed.
Further reading edit
- “anti-” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Anagrams edit
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “anti-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “anti-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
anti-
- anti-
- (particle physics) anti- (related to antiparticles or antimatter)
- (immunology) anti-
Derived terms edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).
Prefix edit
anti-
Derived terms edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).
Prefix edit
anti-
- anti-; against, opposite, protecting against
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “anti-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).
Prefix edit
anti-
- anti-; against, opposite, protecting against