dis-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dis"

Contents

EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English dis-, from Old French des-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /dɪs/

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. reversal or removal

   disassociate

   disarray

2. apart

   disconnect

3. Used as an intensifier of words with negative valence.

   disembowel

   disannul

Usage notesEdit

When attached to a verbal root, prefixes often change the first vowel (whether initial or preceded by a consonant/consonant cluster) of that verb. These phonological changes took place in Latin and usually do not apply to words created (as in Modern Latin) from Latin components since Latin became a 'dead' language. Note: the combination of prefix and following vowel did not always yield the same change. (see examples below at con- + -a-) Also, these changes in vowels are not necessarily particular to being prefixed with dis- (i.e. other prefixes sometimes cause the same vowel change- see con-, ex-).

Derived termsEdit

► English words prefixed with dis-

TranslationsEdit

NOTE: Words using the prefix dis- do not necessarily use the prefixes given here when translated. See individual words for more accurate translations.

reversal or removal

• Armenian: ապ- (ap-)
• French: dé- (fr)
• Georgian: please add this translation if you can
• German: ent- (de)
• Greek: απο- (el) (apo-)

• Ido: des-
• Russian: без(ъ)- (ru) (bez()-), бес(ъ)- (ru) (bes()-), не- (ru) (ne-), дис- (dis-), де- (ru) (de-)
• Scottish Gaelic: di-, eas-

apart

• French: dé- (fr)
• Georgian: please add this translation if you can

• German: ent- (de)
• Greek: απο- (el) (apo-)
• Ido: dis-
• Russian: от(ъ)- (ru) (ot()-), с(ъ)- (ru) (s()-)

See alsoEdit

• de-
• dys-
• un-
• di-
• dif-

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DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

• Audio

  (file)

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. dis-

► Dutch words prefixed with dis-

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EsperantoEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowing from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. shows separation, dissemination, e.g. semi (“sow”) > dissemi (“disseminate”) ; ŝiri (“tear”) > disŝiri (“tear to pieces”).

Derived termsEdit

► Esperanto words prefixed with dis-

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FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin dis-.

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. dis-

Derived termsEdit

► French words prefixed with dis-

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GothicEdit

RomanizationEdit

dis-

1. Romanization of 𐌳𐌹𐍃-

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IdoEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowing from Esperanto dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. shows separation or dissemination

Derived termsEdit

► Ido words prefixed with dis-

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IrishEdit

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. Alternative form of dios-

MutationEdit

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
dis-	dhis-	ndis-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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ItalianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin dis-.

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. dis-

Derived termsEdit

► Italian words prefixed with dis-

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LatinEdit

Alternative formsEdit

• dī-
• dif-
• dir-

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Cognates include Ancient Greek δίς (dís) and Sanskrit द्वीह् (dvíḥ).

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. asunder, apart, in two

   dīmittō ― dismiss, disband

   discēdō ― part, separate

2. reversal, removal

   dissimulō ― disguise, conceal

3. utterly, exceedingly

   differtus ― stuffed full

Usage notesEdit

• Before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, and v, the prefix becomes dī-.
• Before f, the prefix becomes dif-.
• Before a consonantal i, the prefix may become dī- or remain as dis-.
• Before a vowel or h, the prefix becomes dir-.

Derived termsEdit

► Latin words prefixed with dis-

Related termsEdit

• bis
• duo

DescendantsEdit

• English: dis-
• Esperanto: dis-
• French: de-, dé-, dés-, dis-
• Italian: dis-, s-

• Portuguese: des-, dis-
• Romanian: des-, dez-
• Spanish: des-, dis-

ReferencesEdit

• dis- in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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SpanishEdit

PrefixEdit

dis-

1. dis-

Derived termsEdit

► Spanish words prefixed with dis-