Swahili

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Verb

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-gandika (infinitive kugandika)

  1. Stative form of -ganda

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -gandika
Positive present -nagandika
Subjunctive -gandike
Negative -gandiki
Imperative singular gandika
Infinitives
Positive kugandika
Negative kutogandika
Imperatives
Singular gandika
Plural gandikeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hugandika
Positive past positive subject concord + -ligandika
Negative past negative subject concord + -kugandika
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagandika)
Singular Plural
1st person ninagandika/nagandika tunagandika
2nd person unagandika mnagandika
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anagandika wanagandika
other classes positive subject concord + -nagandika
Negative present (negative subject concord + -gandiki)
Singular Plural
1st person sigandiki hatugandiki
2nd person hugandiki hamgandiki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hagandiki hawagandiki
other classes negative subject concord + -gandiki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tagandika
Negative future negative subject concord + -tagandika
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gandike)
Singular Plural
1st person nigandike tugandike
2nd person ugandike mgandike
3rd person m-wa(I/II) agandike wagandike
other classes positive subject concord + -gandike
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sigandike
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngegandika
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singegandika
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaligandika
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaligandika
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agandika)
Singular Plural
1st person nagandika twagandika
2nd person wagandika mwagandika
3rd person m-wa(I/II) agandika wagandika
m-mi(III/IV) wagandika yagandika
ji-ma(V/VI) lagandika yagandika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chagandika vyagandika
n(IX/X) yagandika zagandika
u(XI) wagandika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwagandika
pa(XVI) pagandika
mu(XVIII) mwagandika
Perfect positive subject concord + -megandika
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshagandika
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jagandika
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kigandika
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipogandika
Consecutive kagandika / positive subject concord + -kagandika
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kagandike
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nigandika -tugandika
2nd person -kugandika -wagandika/-kugandikeni/-wagandikeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mgandika -wagandika
m-mi(III/IV) -ugandika -igandika
ji-ma(V/VI) -ligandika -yagandika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kigandika -vigandika
n(IX/X) -igandika -zigandika
u(XI) -ugandika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kugandika
pa(XVI) -pagandika
mu(XVIII) -mugandika
Reflexive -jigandika
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -gandika- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -gandikaye -gandikao
m-mi(III/IV) -gandikao -gandikayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -gandikalo -gandikayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -gandikacho -gandikavyo
n(IX/X) -gandikayo -gandikazo
u(XI) -gandikao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -gandikako
pa(XVI) -gandikapo
mu(XVIII) -gandikamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -gandika)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yegandika -ogandika
m-mi(III/IV) -ogandika -yogandika
ji-ma(V/VI) -logandika -yogandika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chogandika -vyogandika
n(IX/X) -yogandika -zogandika
u(XI) -ogandika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kogandika
pa(XVI) -pogandika
mu(XVIII) -mogandika
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.