Azerbaijani edit

Other scripts
Cyrillic на-
Abjad ناـ

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Persian ناـ (nâ-).

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): [nɑ]

Prefix edit

na- (rarely productive)

  1. un-, non-, in-
    Synonym: qeyri-
    na- + ‎tamam (complete) → ‎natamam (incomplete)
  2. -less
    Synonym: -siz
    na- + ‎ümid (hope) → ‎naümid (hopeless)

Derived terms edit

Big Nambas edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Oceanic *na

Article edit

na-

  1. The noun article. Added to nouns and verb stems to affirm nominal use. Has an element of definiteness. Also used in derivation.

Derived terms edit

References edit

Chichewa edit

Pronunciation edit

Prefix edit

ná-

  1. Prefixed to a traditional Chewa clan name to denote a woman belonging to that clan.

Curripaco edit

Prefix edit

na-

  1. third person plural agent marker

References edit

  • Swintha Danielsen, Tania Granadillo, Agreement in two Arawak languages, in The Typology of Semantic Alignment (edited by Mark Donohue, Søren Wichmann) (2008, →ISBN, page 398

Czech edit

Etymology edit

From na.

Prefix edit

na-

  1. a prefix, often used where English would use a phrasal verb with on
  2. (as an imperfective verb) (often used with se) intensification: added to mean a lot
    na- + ‎představovat se (present onself) → ‎napředstavovat se (present oneself many times)

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • na- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Dutch edit

Etymology edit

Derived from the preposition na

Pronunciation edit

  • (file)

Prefix edit

na-

  1. after

Antonyms edit

voor-

Derived terms edit

Gunwinggu edit

Pronunciation edit

Prefix edit

na-

  1. male prefix added onto human words.

Related terms edit

References edit

  • Steven and Narelle Etherington, Kunwinjku Kunwok: A Short Introduction to Kunwinjku Language and Society (third edition, 1998)

Ilocano edit

Prefix edit

na- (Kur-itan script )

  1. forms adjectives indicating a quality
    na- + ‎dalus (cleanliness) → ‎nadalus (clean)

Derived terms edit

Kambera edit

Pronoun edit

na-

  1. third person singular nominative proclitic

See also edit

Makasar edit

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

na- (nominative proclitic, Lontara spelling )

  1. he, she, it, they (third person singular and plural)

See also edit

Mwotlap edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Torres-Banks *na, from Proto-Oceanic *na (noun article)

Article edit

na-

  1. a, the (singular article for common nouns)

Morphophonology edit

  • When followed by a noun starting with a vowel, the vowel of na- is elided:
na- +‎ ēm̄nēm̄ (house)
  • When followed by a noun starting with a single consonant, na- normally changes its vowel to a clone of the vowel in the next syllable:
na- +‎ (water)
na- +‎ vinhenivinhe (bamboo)
  • When followed by a noun starting with two underlying consonants, na- normally remains unchanged:
na- +‎ l(ō)qōvēnnalqōvēn (woman)

Semantics edit

nalqōvēn (a woman)
— opp. yoge lōqōvēn (two women), tēlge lōqōvēn (three women), ige lōqōvēn (women).
  • For [-human] referents, the number value of the article is unspecified.
(water)
nēm̄ (a house, houses; the house, the houses)

References edit

Old Polish edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na-.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /na(ː)/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /na/, /nɒ/

Prefix edit

na-

  1. added to verbs to make them perfective
    na- + ‎pisać → ‎napisać
  2. added to verbs to mean onto
    na- + ‎łożyć → ‎nałożyć
  3. added to verbs to with various meanings
    na- + ‎mówić → ‎namówić

Derived terms edit

Polish edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish na-. Doublet of ana-.

Pronunciation edit

Prefix edit

na-

  1. added to verbs to make them perfective
    na- + ‎pisać → ‎napisać
  2. added to verbs to mean onto
    na- + ‎łożyć → ‎nałożyć
  3. added to verbs to with various meanings
    na- + ‎mówić → ‎namówić

Derived terms edit

Slovene edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Slavic *na-. Prefixed form of the preposition na.

Pronunciation edit

Prefix edit

na-

  1. Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
    1. (no change in meaning)
      na- + ‎pisáti (to write) → ‎napisáti (to write)
    2. onto, into
      na- + ‎líti (to pour) → ‎nalíti (to pour in)
    3. a little, to begin to
      na- + ‎krivīti (to bend) → ‎nakrivīti (to bend a little)
      na- + ‎gníti (to rot) → ‎nagníti (to begin to rot)
    4. enough of, a sufficient amount of
      na- + ‎cepīti (to chop) → ‎nacepīti (to chop enough of)
    5. (reflexive) excessively, thoroughly
      na- + ‎píti (to drink) → ‎napíti (to drink one's fill, get drunk)

Derived terms edit

Swahili edit

Prefix edit

na-

  1. Contraction of ni- + -a-.
  2. Contraction of ni- + -na-.
    Synonym: nina-

Tagalog edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /na/, [nɐ] (complete aspect prefix)
  • IPA(key): /ˈna/, [ˈna] (progressive aspect prefix)

Prefix edit

na- (Baybayin spelling )

  1. used to form complete aspects of verbs prefixed with ma-

Prefix edit

ná- (Baybayin spelling )

  1. (dialectal) used to form progressive aspects of verbs prefixed with um- or infixed with -um-

Usage notes edit

  • The dialectal prefix, when written, is generally a source of confusion and mockery for the majority of Tagalog speakers, but the two actually differ by pronunciation. The na-, where it indicates a perfective aspect, is pronounced without stress, while the na- prefix, where it indicates a progressive aspect in some dialects, is pronounced with stress.
    Nakain siya ng isda.
    He/She was happened to be eaten by the fish.
    kain siya ng isda.
    He/She is eating fish.

Derived terms edit

Ternate edit

Pronoun edit

na-

  1. first-person plural inclusive possessive prefix, our
    Synonym: nga-
  2. second-person plural possessive prefix, your
    Synonym: nia-
  3. (human) third-person plural possessive prefix, their
    Synonym: nga-

See also edit

References edit

  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Turkish edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ناـ (nâ-), from Persian ناـ (nâ-).

Prefix edit

na- (rarely productive)

  1. un-, non-, in-
    Synonym: gayri-
    na- + ‎tamam (complete) → ‎natamam (incomplete)
  2. -less
    Synonym: -siz
    na- + ‎ümit (hope) → ‎naümit (hopeless)

Derived terms edit

West Makian edit

Etymology 1 edit

Cognate with Ternate na- (our).

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

na-

  1. first-person plural inclusive possessive prefix, our
Usage notes edit

The possessive prefix na- is subject to West Makian vowel harmony, and as such may surface as ne-, ni-, or no-.

Alternative forms edit

See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

na-

  1. second-person singular clitic, you
    nocoyou see
Usage notes edit

The prefix na- follows West Makian vowel harmony, and as such may surface as ne-, ni-, no-, or nu-.

Alternative forms edit

References edit

  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[1], Pacific linguistics

Xhosa edit

Preposition edit

na-

  1. with, in company of
  2. (with subject concord) to have

Conjunction edit

na-

  1. and (joining individual words)

Zulu edit

Pronunciation edit

Preposition edit

na-

  1. with, in company of
  2. (with subject concord) to have

Usage notes edit

The meaning "have" can be analysed more literally as "to be with". In the negative, a- is prefixed to the subject concord, and the initial vowel of the noun prefix is dropped:

  • Nginekati.I have a cat.
  • Anginakati.I don't have a cat.

Conjunction edit

na-

  1. and (joining individual words)
    Synonym: futhi
  2. also, too
    Synonym: futhi
  3. even (implying an extreme example)

References edit