si-
ChoctawEdit
PrefixEdit
si- (except before a/o sa-, class II first-person singular)
- the direct object of an active transitive verb
- me
- the subject of a stative intransitive verb
- I
- indicates possession of a noun
- my
Usage notesEdit
Class II person markers are used for possession only for a small set of words, mostly including kinship terms and body parts.
InflectionEdit
class I | class II | class III | class N | imperative | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+s | +C | +V | +C/i | +a/o | +C | +V | +C | +V | +C | +V | |||
first-person | singular | initial | -li | sa- | si- | a- | am- | ak- | n/a | ||||
medial | -sa- | -sam- | |||||||||||
paucal | ī- | il- | pi- | pi- | pim- | kī- | kil- | ||||||
plural | hapi- | hapi- | hapim- | ||||||||||
second-person | singular | is- | ish- | chi- | chi- | chim- | chik- | ∅ | |||||
plural | has- | hash- | hachi- | hachi- | hachim- | hachik- | ho- | oh- | |||||
third-person | ∅ | ∅ | i- | im- | ik- |
ChuukeseEdit
PrefixEdit
si-
- First-person plural inclusive subject marker for tense modifying adverbs.
Edit
PrefixEdit
si-
Usage notesEdit
This is an alternative form of shi- which comes about in some words as a result of coronal harmony. See, for example, sikʼis, sitsilí. This once firm rule has become optional, and today most Navajo speakers actually prefer to ignore the rules of sibilant (coronal) harmony, especially when there is relatively greater distance between the 1st-person shi- and the alveolar sibilant in the root.
See alsoEdit
Northern NdebeleEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- we; first-person plural subject concord.
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- us; first-person plural object concord.
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
PhuthiEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- we; first-person plural subject concord.
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- us; first-person plural object concord.
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-kɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- Class 7 noun prefix.
Etymology 4Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
Southern NdebeleEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- we; first-person plural subject concord.
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- us; first-person plural object concord.
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
SwahiliEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (Kenya) (file)
PrefixEdit
si-
- the negative emphatic copula or negative focusing copula: expresses "it is not" with an inflected object
InflectionEdit
Emphatic copula forms:
Pronominals | 1s | 2s | 3s | 1p | 2p | 3p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | ndimi, ndiye | ndiwe, ndiye | ndiye | ndisi, ndio | ndinyi, ndio | ndio |
Negative | simi, siye | siwe, siye | siye | sio, sisi* | sinyi, siyo | sio |
Classes | c1 | c2/c3/c11/c14 | c4/c6/c9 | c5 | c7 | c8 | c10 | c15 | c16 | c17 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | ndiye | ndio | ndiyo | ndilo | ndicho | ndivyo | ndizo | ndiko | ndipo | ndimo |
Negative | siye | sio | siyo | silo | sicho | sivyo | sizo | siko | sipo | simo |
* The form sisi "it is not us" is not frequently used as it is identical to the pronoun sisi "we", "us". Instead it is virtually always replaced with sio.
See alsoEdit
SwaziEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- we; first-person plural subject concord.
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- us; first-person plural object concord.
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-kɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- Class 7 noun prefix.
Etymology 4Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
TabaruEdit
PrefixEdit
si-
- applicative prefix
Tocharian AEdit
VerbEdit
si-
- to drain
Tocharian BEdit
VerbEdit
si-
- to drain
XhosaEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- we; first-person plural subject concord.
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- us; first-person plural object concord.
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
si-
ZuluEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- we; first-person plural subject concord.
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
sí-
- us; first-person plural object concord.
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ̀-.
PrefixEdit
si-
- Class 7 simple noun prefix.
Etymology 4Edit
From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.
PrefixEdit
sí-
ReferencesEdit
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “si-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “si-”