pa-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pa"

Albanian

Etymology

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *apa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”). Cognate to Messapic [script needed] (apa, “from, out of, by”),[1] Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “away, off”), Sanskrit अप (apá).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pa/

Prefix

pa-

A negating prefix; un-, in-

Derived terms

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.

Prefix

pa-

pseudo-
Synonym: pseudo-

Derived terms

Czech terms prefixed with pa-

Further reading

pa- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Hawaiian

Prefix

pa-

Alternative spelling of pā-

Latvian

Prefix

pa-

Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'under' or 'for a short time' (like Lithuanian pa- or Russian по- (po-)).

Derived terms

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“off, away”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by”); see there for more.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [pɐ], [paː]

Prefix

pa-

Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':
1. (with verbs expressing movement) Describes an action's movement under something; under-
2. (with verbs) Describes a briefly lasting action
3. (with verbs) Describes an action's smallness
4. (with verbs) Describes the ability or means to do something
5. (with verbs) Describes a meaning specific to the verb
6. (with nouns) Describes a place or thing that is under or near to
7. (with nouns) Describes approximate time

Derived terms

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “po”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 368-9

Makasar

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.

Prefix

pa-

causative prefix

Derived terms

Makasar terms prefixed with pa-

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *pa-

Polish pa-

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pa/
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Prefix

pa-

(not productive) affects the definition in various ways, mostly seen in inherited or borrowed words
‎pa- + ‎łęk → ‎pałąk

Derived terms

Polish terms prefixed with pa-

Further reading

pa- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Slovak

Prefix

pa-

pseudo-

Derived terms

Slovak terms prefixed with pa-

Further reading

“pa-”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

Swahili

Pronunciation

Audio (Kenya): (file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *pà-.

Prefix

pa-

The prefix for noun class 16 denoting locatives (position at a place).

See also

Appendix:Swahili noun classes

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *pá-.

Prefix

pa-

there, pa class_(XVI) subject concord
verb-initial form of -pa- (“there, pa class_(XVI) object concord”)

See also

**Swahili verbal concords (third person)**
class	subject concord		object concord	relative
class	affirmative	negative	object concord	relative
m_(I)	a-, yu-	ha-, hayu-	-m-, -mw-, -mu-	-ye
wa_(II)	wa-	hawa-	-wa-	-o
m_(III)	u-	hau-	-u-	-o
mi_(IV)	i-	hai-	-i-	-yo
ji_(V)	li-	hali-	-li-	-lo
ma_(VI)	ya-	haya-	-ya-	-yo
ki_(VII)	ki-	haki-	-ki-	-cho
vi_(VIII)	vi-	havi-	-vi-	-vyo
n_(IX)	i-	hai-	-i-	-yo
n_(X)	zi-	hazi-	-zi-	-zo
u_(XI)	u-	hau-	-u-	-o
ku_(XV/XVII)	ku-	haku-	-ku-	-ko
pa_(XVI)	pa-	hapa-	-pa-	-po
mu_(XVIII)	m-, mw-, mu-	ham-, hamw-, hamu-	-mu-	-mo

For a full table including first and second person,
see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns

Etymology 3

Prefix

pa-

Contraction of pa- + -a- (“pa class_(XVI) gnomic”).

Tagalog

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *pa-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.

Prefix

pa- (Baybayin spelling ᜉ)

adverbial prefix - indicates process of performing the action of the verb
‎pa- + ‎punta (“destination”) → ‎papunta (“be coming/ be going/ be arriving/ be on the way”)

‎pa- + ‎tapos (“end”) → ‎patapos (“be about to end”)

Patapos na ang pelikula.
The movie is about to end.
reduced form of paki- or magpa-
Patapon naman 'to sa basurahan.
Could you please throw this to the trash can?
noun prefix - indicates an object that is ordered or requested to be processed according to the root word
‎pa- + ‎dala (“carry”) → ‎padala (“remittance/ package [an object that is requested to be brought or sent]”)

‎pa- + ‎piging (“a banquet”) → ‎papiging (“a banquet that is organized by someone [usually followed by "ng organization" or "ni name of person"]”)
(informal) indication of direction
Pa-Espanya ako.
I'm heading for Spain.

Derived terms

Tagalog terms prefixed with pa-

pabalat-sibuyas

pabandying-bandying

padiklap-diklap

pagibang-damara

magpasinungaling

nakakapagpabagabag

pasinungalingan

Anagrams

AP

Volapük

Prefix

pa-

Used to form the (present infinitive and present tense) passive voice forms of verbs.
numön (“to count”) → panumön (“to be counted”)

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