Wiktionary

ni-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ni"

Aromanian Edit

Etymology Edit

From Slavic ne-. Compare Romanian ne-.

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. un-; de- (used to negate)

Derived terms Edit

Aromanian terms prefixed with ni-

Classical Nahuatl Edit

Alternative forms Edit

  • n- (before vowels)

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. Subject prefix for verbs; indicates that the subject is first person singular: I.

Garo Edit

Etymology Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. look at

Derived terms Edit

Kamba Edit

Alternative forms Edit

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. I (used for conjugating verbs to the subjective or nominative case of the personal pronoun)

Maquiritari Edit

Pronunciation Edit

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. Allomorph of n- (third-person prefix) used for stems that begin with a consonant.

Inflection Edit

Maquiritari personal markers
pronoun noun possessor/
series II verb argument 		postposition object series I verb argument
transitive patient intransitive patient-like intransitive agent-like transitive agent
first person ewü y-, ∅-, ü-, u-1 w-, wi-
first person dual inclusive küwü k-, kü-, ku-, ki- k-, kii-, ki-1
second person amödö ö-, öy-/öd-, o-, oy-/od-, a-, ay-/ad- m-, mi-
first person dual exclusive nña y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-1 chö- ∅- n-, ni-
third person tüwü n-, ni-
distant past third person — kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
coreferential/reflexive — t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te- —
reciprocal — — öö-
  1. With following vowel lengthened if in an unreduced open syllable.
series I verb argument:
transitive agent and transitive patient
first person > second person mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
first person dual exclusive > second person
second person > first person k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
second person > first person dual exclusive
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person see person X in the chart above

Mohawk Edit

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. pronominal prefix for
    They both (m) ____

Alternative forms Edit

- Initial consonant
Environment t/s/h/k n/r/w/’ a e/en o/on i y
Word-Initial ni- ni- i- n- n- n- ni-

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. partitive prefix

References Edit

  • Gunther Michelson (1973) A thousand words of Mohawk, University of Ottawa Press, page 9
  • Nora Deering; Helga H. Delisle (1976) Mohawk: A teaching grammar (preliminary version), Quebec: Manitou College, pages 147, 172

Navajo Edit

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. your, you

See also Edit

Navajo possessive pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person shi- nihi- danihi-
2nd person ni- nihi- danihi-
3rd person bi-
4th person (3o) yi-
4th person (3a) ha-, hw-
Indefinite person (3i) a-

Norwegian Bokmål Edit

Etymology Edit

Same as the word nid, from Old Norse níð.

Pronunciation Edit

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. uninterrupted, intensely
  2. very, a lot

Derived terms Edit

Norwegian Bokmål terms prefixed with ni-

References Edit

Norwegian Nynorsk Edit

Etymology Edit

Doublet of nid. From Old Norse níð, from Proto-Germanic *nīþą.

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. Used as an intensifier, especially in verbs

Derived terms Edit

Norwegian Nynorsk terms prefixed with ni-

References Edit

Anagrams Edit

Ojibwe Edit

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. A prefix denoting the first person

Usage notes Edit

ni- is the unmarked form, and appears before stems that begin with the consonants p, t, k, h, ch, m, n, s, sh, w, and y. In animate intransitive verbs (vai) and transitive inanimate verbs (vti) conjugations, ni- or one of its alternative forms can act as part of a pair of affixes, with the affix -min (or a variant) to form the first person plural exclusive . In transitive animate verbs (vta) - that is verbs where the subject and the object are both animate - ni- can indicate that either the subject or the object is first-person (singular or plural), according to the rules of topicality hierarchy.

Alternative forms Edit

Related terms Edit

See also Edit

Ojibwe personal prefixes
stem begins with... 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
Consonants p t k h ch m n s sh w y ni- gi- o-
d g ' j z zh nin-
b nim-
Vowels o nindo- gido- odo-
a aa e i nind- gid- od-
oo n- g-
ii w-

Preverb Edit

ni-

  1. Alternative spelling of ani-

Old English Edit

Etymology Edit

From earlier *niwi-, before a regular sound change in which non-word-initial *w was lost before fully unstressed *i. The same sound change occurred to ǣ (“law”) ← *ǣi ← *āwi, sǣ (“sea”) ← *sǣi ← *sāwi, and glī (“joy”) ← *gliwi. It must have also occurred to nīewe (“new”) in the nominative singular, producing *nī ← *niwi, but its *w was restored by analogy with its inflected forms, which had a following *j instead of *i.

Pronunciation Edit

Prefix Edit

nī-

  1. new-, newly

Derived terms Edit

Old English terms prefixed with ni-

Pipil Edit

Pronunciation Edit

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. (personal) I, first-person singular subject marker.
    Niaw nimumachtia Nawat
    I'm going to learn Nawat

See also Edit

Pipil verb subject markers
singular plural
1st person ni- ti-
2nd person ti- (shi-) an- (shi-)
3rd person - -
  • naja (personal pronoun)
  • nech- (object marker)

Serbo-Croatian Edit

Prefix Edit

ni- (Cyrillic spelling ни-)

  1. Prefix prepended to pronouns to denote a negative meaning, synonymous with ne- (“no, not”).
    igdje ili nigdje. ― anywhere or nowhere
    itko ili nitko. ― anyone or no one
    ikad ili nikad. ― anytime or never
  2. Prefix prepended to copula verb biti in present tense to denote a negative meaning, synonymous with ne- (“not”).
    Bio sam tu ali nisam bio tamo. ― I was here but I was not there.

Derived terms Edit

Serbo-Croatian terms prefixed with ni-

Swahili Edit

Pronunciation Edit

  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. I, 1st person singular subject concord
    Antonym: si-
    ninakupenda ― I like you

See also Edit

Swahili personal pronouns (m-wa class(I/II))
Number Person Independent Subject concord Object concord Combined forms Possessive
affirmative negative na ndi- si-
Singular First mimi ni- si- -ni- nami, na mimi ndimi, ndiye simi, siye -angu
Second wewe u- hu- -ku- nawe, na wewe ndiwe, ndiye siwe, siye -ako
Third yeye a-, yu- ha-, hayu- -m-, -mw-, -mu- naye, na yeye ndiye siye -ake
Plural First sisi tu- hatu- -tu- nasi, na sisi ndisi, ndio sio -etu
Second ninyi m-, mw-, mu- ham-, hamw-, hamu- -wa- nanyi, na ninyi ndinyi, ndio sinyi, sio -enu
Third wao wa- hawa- -wa- nao ndio sio -ao
Reflexive — — -ji- — —
For a full table including other classes, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns.

Swazi Edit

Etymology 1 Edit

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *mɪ̀-.

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2 Edit

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ́-, via an intermediate form *mɪ́-.

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural object concord.

Ternate Edit

Etymology 1 Edit

Cognate with Tehit n- (“second-person prefix”).

Pronoun Edit

ni- (Jawi ني-‎)

  1. second-person plural clitic, you all

Etymology 2 Edit

Pronoun Edit

ni- (Jawi ني-‎)

  1. second-person singular possessive pronoun, your

See also Edit

Ternate personal pronouns
independent subject proclitic possessive
Informal Formal
1st person singular ngori fangarem, fajaruf to ri
2nd person singular ngana ngoni, jou ngoni no ni
3rd person singular unam, minaf om, mof, inh im, mif, manh
1st person plural inclusive ngone fo na, nga
1st person plural exclusive ngomi fangare ngomim, fajaru ngomif, fara ngomi1 mi mi, mia
2nd person plural ngoni ni na, nia
3rd person plural anah, enanh ih, nh, yoh, †, yanh, † nah, ngah, manh
  • unmarked pronouns are gender non-specific
  • m - masculine, f - feminine, h - human, nh - non-human
  • 1 - for mixed-gender groups
  • † - archaic

References Edit

  • Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Welsh Edit

Pronunciation Edit

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. Nasal mutation of di-.

Mutation Edit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
di- ddi- ni- unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

West Makian Edit

Etymology 1 Edit

Cognate with Ternate ni-.

Pronunciation Edit

Pronoun Edit

ni-

  1. second-person singular possessive prefix, your

Etymology 2 Edit

Pronunciation Edit

Pronoun Edit

ni-

  1. alternative form of na- (“our (inclusive)”) when preceded by a root-initial i

See also Edit

West Makian personal pronouns
independent possessive prefix
1st person singular de ti
2nd person singular ni ni
3rd person singular me mVan., dVinan.
1st person plural inclusive ene nV
1st person plural exclusive imi mi
2nd person plural ini fi
3rd person plural eme di

References Edit

  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[1], Pacific linguistics

Xhosa Edit

Etymology 1 Edit

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *mɪ̀-.

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2 Edit

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ́-, via an intermediate form *mɪ́-.

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural object concord.

Zulu Edit

Etymology 1 Edit

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *mɪ̀-.

Prefix Edit

ni-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2 Edit

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ́-, via an intermediate form *mɪ́-.

Prefix Edit

ní-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural object concord.

References Edit

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