Swahili edit

Etymology edit

From hatari (danger) +‎ -isha (causative affix).

Pronunciation edit

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Verb edit

-hatarisha (infinitive kuhatarisha)

  1. to endanger, to put in danger

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of -hatarisha
Positive present -nahatarisha
Subjunctive -hatarishe
Negative -hatarishi
Imperative singular hatarisha
Infinitives
Positive kuhatarisha
Negative kutohatarisha
Imperatives
Singular hatarisha
Plural hatarisheni
Tensed forms
Habitual huhatarisha
Positive past positive subject concord + -lihatarisha
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhatarisha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahatarisha)
Singular Plural
1st person ninahatarisha/nahatarisha tunahatarisha
2nd person unahatarisha mnahatarisha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahatarisha wanahatarisha
other classes positive subject concord + -nahatarisha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hatarishi)
Singular Plural
1st person sihatarishi hatuhatarishi
2nd person huhatarishi hamhatarishi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahatarishi hawahatarishi
other classes negative subject concord + -hatarishi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahatarisha
Negative future negative subject concord + -tahatarisha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hatarishe)
Singular Plural
1st person nihatarishe tuhatarishe
2nd person uhatarishe mhatarishe
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahatarishe wahatarishe
other classes positive subject concord + -hatarishe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihatarishe
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehatarisha
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehatarisha
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihatarisha
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihatarisha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahatarisha)
Singular Plural
1st person nahatarisha twahatarisha
2nd person wahatarisha mwahatarisha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahatarisha wahatarisha
m-mi(III/IV) wahatarisha yahatarisha
ji-ma(V/VI) lahatarisha yahatarisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahatarisha vyahatarisha
n(IX/X) yahatarisha zahatarisha
u(XI) wahatarisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwahatarisha
pa(XVI) pahatarisha
mu(XVIII) mwahatarisha
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehatarisha
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshahatarisha
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahatarisha
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kihatarisha
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipohatarisha
Consecutive kahatarisha / positive subject concord + -kahatarisha
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahatarishe
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nihatarisha -tuhatarisha
2nd person -kuhatarisha -wahatarisha/-kuhatarisheni/-wahatarisheni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhatarisha -wahatarisha
m-mi(III/IV) -uhatarisha -ihatarisha
ji-ma(V/VI) -lihatarisha -yahatarisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihatarisha -vihatarisha
n(IX/X) -ihatarisha -zihatarisha
u(XI) -uhatarisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuhatarisha
pa(XVI) -pahatarisha
mu(XVIII) -muhatarisha
Reflexive -jihatarisha
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hatarisha- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -hatarishaye -hatarishao
m-mi(III/IV) -hatarishao -hatarishayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -hatarishalo -hatarishayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hatarishacho -hatarishavyo
n(IX/X) -hatarishayo -hatarishazo
u(XI) -hatarishao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -hatarishako
pa(XVI) -hatarishapo
mu(XVIII) -hatarishamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hatarisha)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yehatarisha -ohatarisha
m-mi(III/IV) -ohatarisha -yohatarisha
ji-ma(V/VI) -lohatarisha -yohatarisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohatarisha -vyohatarisha
n(IX/X) -yohatarisha -zohatarisha
u(XI) -ohatarisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kohatarisha
pa(XVI) -pohatarisha
mu(XVIII) -mohatarisha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.