herra
BasqueEdit
NounEdit
herra
FinnishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Old Swedish herra, from Old Norse herra, from Old Saxon hērro, from Old High German hērro, the comparative form of hēr (“noble, venerable”) (German hehr), by analogy with Latin senior (“elder”). Cognates include Danish herre, Norwegian herre, Swedish herre, Icelandic herra, Dutch heer, German Herr. The Old High German word originally meant "grey, grey-haired", and descends from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”), making it cognate with Old English hār (English hoar), Old Norse hárr.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
herra
- mister, gentleman, sir (polite address)
- Anteeksi, herra ...
- Excuse me, sir ...
- Hyvät herrat!
- Gentlemen!
- Herra Virtanen, voinko puhua kanssanne?
- Mister Virtanen, may I speak with you?
- lord (person having formal authority over others)
- lord (person enjoying great respect in a community)
- lord, master (owner)
- Alternative letter-case form of Herra (“Lord”)
- (informal) a member of the ruling or upper class; (in the plural) the ruling or upper class
DeclensionEdit
Inflection of herra (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | herra | herrat | |
genitive | herran | herrojen | |
partitive | herraa | herroja | |
illative | herraan | herroihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | herra | herrat | |
accusative | nom. | herra | herrat |
gen. | herran | ||
genitive | herran | herrojen herrainrare | |
partitive | herraa | herroja | |
inessive | herrassa | herroissa | |
elative | herrasta | herroista | |
illative | herraan | herroihin | |
adessive | herralla | herroilla | |
ablative | herralta | herroilta | |
allative | herralle | herroille | |
essive | herrana | herroina | |
translative | herraksi | herroiksi | |
instructive | — | herroin | |
abessive | herratta | herroitta | |
comitative | — | herroineen |
Possessive forms of herra (type kala) | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | singular | plural |
1st person | herrani | herramme |
2nd person | herrasi | herranne |
3rd person | herransa |
Derived termsEdit
CompoundsEdit
IcelandicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse herra, from Old Saxon hērro, from Old Dutch hēriro, Old High German hērro, the comparative form of hēr (“noble, venerable”) (German hehr), by analogy with Latin senior (“elder”). Cognates include Danish, Norwegian and Swedish herre, Dutch heer, German Herr. The Old High German word originally meant “grey, grey-haired”, and descends from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”), making it cognate with Old English hār (English hoar), Old Norse hárr.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
herra m (genitive singular herra, nominative plural herrar)
- lord, master
- the Lord (God)
- an honorific title for a bishop; Lord
- an honorific title for a noble; Lord
- an honorific title for the highest state officials, now especially the president, but also a sýslumaður (the local official of the state in each sýsla), ambassador, etc.; Excellency
- mister (general honorific for a man, especially in writing; usually abbreviated: hr.)
- a general deferential form of address to a male; sir
- gentleman (general polite term for a male)
- dömur mínar og herrar
- Ladies and gentlemen.
- dömur mínar og herrar
Usage notesEdit
Used as an honorific title (prenominally or on its own) for bishops and for the president of Iceland (also, especially historically, for some other dignitaries). Also used as a general courtesy title for men, equivalent to English mister, but then primarily in formal written correspondence and abbreviated hr. However, when it is used as an honorific title for bishops, presidents, etc., it should never be abbreviated. The equivalent female title is frú (in both contexts).
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
VerbEdit
herra (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative herraði, supine herrað)
- (transitive) to knight or bestow nobility on
- (transitive) to confer on someone the dignity of herra, allow someone to be called herra
- (transitive) to address or refer to as herra (as should be done to bishops, etc.)
ConjugationEdit
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að herra | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
herrað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
herrandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég herra | við herrum | present (nútíð) |
ég herri | við herrum |
þú herrar | þið herrið | þú herrir | þið herrið | ||
hann, hún, það herrar | þeir, þær, þau herra | hann, hún, það herri | þeir, þær, þau herri | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég herraði | við herruðum | past (þátíð) |
ég herraði | við herruðum |
þú herraðir | þið herruðuð | þú herraðir | þið herruðuð | ||
hann, hún, það herraði | þeir, þær, þau herruðu | hann, hún, það herraði | þeir, þær, þau herruðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
herra (þú) | herrið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
herraðu | herriði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
herraður | herruð | herrað | herraðir | herraðar | herruð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
herraðan | herraða | herrað | herraða | herraðar | herruð | |
dative (þágufall) |
herruðum | herraðri | herruðu | herruðum | herruðum | herruðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
herraðs | herraðrar | herraðs | herraðra | herraðra | herraðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
herraði | herraða | herraða | herruðu | herruðu | herruðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
herraða | herruðu | herraða | herruðu | herruðu | herruðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
herraða | herruðu | herraða | herruðu | herruðu | herruðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
herraða | herruðu | herraða | herruðu | herruðu | herruðu |
IngrianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Swedish herra, from Old Norse herra. Cognates include Finnish herra.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
herra (genitive herran, partitive herraa)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection of herra
|
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 58
- Vitalij Chernyavskij (2005) Ižoran keel (Ittseopastaja)[1], page 101
MalteseEdit
EtymologyEdit
Root |
---|
h-r-j |
From Arabic هَرَّأَ (harraʾa).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
herra (imperfect jherri, past participle mherri)
- (transitive) to wear out; to cause to deteriorate gradually
ConjugationEdit
Derived termsEdit
Old NorseEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Saxon hērro, from Old Dutch hēriro, Old High German hērro, the comparative form of hēr (“noble, venerable”) (German hehr), by analogy with Latin senior (“elder”).[1] The Old High German word originally meant "grey, grey-haired", and descends from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”), making it cognate with Old English hār (English hoar), Old Norse hárr.
NounEdit
herra m
DescendantsEdit
- Danish: herre
- Faroese: harra, harri
- Gutnish: herre
- Icelandic: herra, herri
- Norwegian Bokmål: herre
- Norwegian Nynorsk: herre
- Swedish: herre
- → Finnish: herra
- Westrobothnian: harr, häärr
VerbEdit
herra
- (transitive) to confer with the title of "herra" upon a person
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | herra | |
---|---|---|
present participle | herrandi | |
past participle | herraðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | herra | herraða |
2nd-person singular | herrar | herraðir |
3rd-person singular | herrar | herraði |
1st-person plural | herrum | herruðum |
2nd-person plural | herrið | herruðuð |
3rd-person plural | herra | herruðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | herra | herraða |
2nd-person singular | herrir | herraðir |
3rd-person singular | herri | herraði |
1st-person plural | herrim | herraðim |
2nd-person plural | herrið | herraðið |
3rd-person plural | herri | herraði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | herra | |
1st-person plural | herrum | |
2nd-person plural | herrið |
infinitive | herrask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | herrandisk | |
past participle | herrazk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | herrumk | herruðumk |
2nd-person singular | herrask | herraðisk |
3rd-person singular | herrask | herraðisk |
1st-person plural | herrumsk | herruðumsk |
2nd-person plural | herrizk | herruðuzk |
3rd-person plural | herrask | herruðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | herrumk | herruðumk |
2nd-person singular | herrisk | herraðisk |
3rd-person singular | herrisk | herraðisk |
1st-person plural | herrimsk | herraðimsk |
2nd-person plural | herrizk | herraðizk |
3rd-person plural | herrisk | herraðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | herrask | |
1st-person plural | herrumsk | |
2nd-person plural | herrizk |
ReferencesEdit
- herra in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ Falk, Hjalmar; Torp, Alf (1903–06) Etymologisk ordbog over det norske og det danske sprog [Etymological Dictionary of the Norwegian and Danish Languages], page 286