gaan
Afrikaans edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch gaan, from Middle Dutch gâen, from Old Dutch gān, from a fusion of Proto-Germanic *gāną and *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-, *ǵʰengʰ-.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gaan (present gaan, present participle gaande, past participle gegaan)
- to go
- Used to express the future tense, often while implying nearness in time or certainty, like English going to.
Derived terms edit
- aangaan (“concern (with)”)
- afgaan (“descend”)
- agteruitgaan (“deteriorate”)
- begaan (“not to concern”)
- deurgaan (“go through”)
- heengaan (“pass away”)
- ingaan (“enter”)
- losgaan (“come loose”)
- meegaan (“accompany”)
- nagaan (“review”)
- ondergaan (“subjected to”)
- ontgaan (“slip (one's mind)”)
- oopgaan (“open”)
- oorgaan (“review”)
- opgaan (“ascend”)
- rondgaan (“go around”)
- saamgaan (“accompany”)
- teëgaan
- teengaan (“resist”)
- toegaan (“close”)
- uitgaan (“exit, leave”)
- verbygaan (“pass”)
- voorgaan (“lead”)
- voortgaan (“continue”)
- vooruitgaan (“go ahead”)
- weggaan (“leave”)
Aukan edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
gaan
Derived terms edit
- gaanse (“majority (of something, some group, etc)”, literally “big side”)
See also edit
References edit
- Aukan-English Dictionary (SIL), citing Vernon (1985)
Cebuano edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Philippine *ʀaqan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaqan.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
gaán (Badlit spelling ᜄᜀᜈ᜔)
Derived terms edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch gâen, from Old Dutch gān, from a fusion of Proto-West Germanic *gān and *gangan, from Proto-Germanic *gāną and *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-, *ǵʰengʰ-.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gaan
- (intransitive) to go, to move from one place to another
- Ik ga naar het strand.
- I'm going to the beach.
- Die auto gaat nergens naartoe.
- That car isn't going anywhere.
- (intransitive) to leave or depart, to move away
- Morgen gaan ze weer.
- They're leaving again tomorrow.
- (intransitive) to lead (in a direction)
- Deze weg gaat helemaal naar Limburg.
- This road goes all the way to Limburg.
- (intransitive) to proceed (well or poorly)
- Dat ging goed.
- That went well.
- Hoe gaat het?
- How is it going?
- Dat gaat niet.
- That won't work.
- (auxiliary) Forms the future tense of a verb, similarly to English going to future tense
- Het gaat toch niet werken.
- It is not going to work anyway.
- (auxiliary) to start to, begin to, to be going to
- De zon gaat weer schijnen.
- The sun is starting to shine again.
- Ik ga slapen.
- I'm going to sleep.
- Het gaat zo regenen.
- It's going to start raining soon.
Usage notes edit
- zullen is also used for the future tense, but sounds more formal
- In questions, the past tense ging(en) in the sense of “to go” can be used to indicate the present. In Dutch, one can ask “Ging je nog naar die verjaardag vanavond?” which means “Are you still going to that birthday party tonight?”. The question implies there was a plan to go to the said party, and asks for confirmation that the plan is still on. This exceptional use of the past tense with a present meaning is also seen for the verb moeten.
Inflection edit
Inflection of gaan (strong class 7, irregular) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gaan | |||
past singular | ging | |||
past participle | gegaan | |||
infinitive | gaan | |||
gerund | gaan n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | ga | ging | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | gaat | ging | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | gaat | ging | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | gaat | gingt | ||
3rd person singular | gaat | ging | ||
plural | gaan | gingen | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | ga | ginge | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | gaan | gingen | ||
imperative sing. | ga | |||
imperative plur.1 | gaat | |||
participles | gaand | gegaan | ||
1) Archaic. |
Derived terms edit
- aangaan
- achteraangaan
- achterafgaan
- achtergaan
- achternagaan
- achteromgaan
- achteropgaan
- achterovergaan
- achteruitgaan
- afgaan
- begaan
- bijeengaan
- bijgaan
- binnengaan
- blootgaan
- bovengaan
- buitengaan
- dichtgaan
- doodgaan
- dooreengaan
- doorgaan
- erin gaan
- gaan met die banaan
- gaan over
- gaande
- gegaan
- gelijkgaan
- heengaan
- ineengaan
- ingaan
- kapotgaan
- kromgaan
- langsgaan
- leeggaan
- losgaan
- medegaan
- meegaan
- misgaan
- nagaan
- nedergaan
- neergaan
- omgaan
- omhooggaan
- omlaaggaan
- omvergaan
- onderdoorgaan
- ondereengaan
- ondergaan
- onderuitgaan
- ontgaan
- opeengaan
- opengaan
- opgaan
- opzijgaan
- overgaan
- platgaan
- rondgaan
- samengaan
- schoongaan
- stukgaan
- tegengaan
- teloorgaan
- teruggaan
- toegaan
- uiteengaan
- uitgaan
- van de grond gaan
- vastgaan
- verdergaan
- vergaan
- vooraangaan
- voorafgaan
- voorbijgaan
- voorgaan
- vooropgaan
- voorovergaan
- voortgaan
- voortsgaan
- vooruitgaan
- vreemdgaan
- vrijgaan
- wedergaan
- wederomgaan
- wederopgaan
- weergaan
- weeromgaan
- weggaan
- zijns weegs gaan
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Anagrams edit
Dyula edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
gaan
See also edit
edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Athabaskan *-ɢa̓·ŋ-əʔ.
Cognates:
- Apachean: Western Apache -gan, Chiricahua -gan, Jicarilla -gan, Lipan -gąą’, Plains Apache -gąą
- Others: Tsuut’ina -gànὰ’, Hupa -ɢan-, Mattole, -gaane’, Galice gaaneʔ, Chilcotin -gán, Slavey -gǫ́’, Hare -góné’, Dogrib -gǫ̀, Dene Sųłiné -gané, Sekani -gòne’, Dunneza -góné’, Central Tanana -gonaʔ, Hän -gæ̀nn’, Ahtna -ɢaane’, Dena'ina -ɢuna, Eyak -ɢəla’, Tlingit jín ("hand")
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
-gaan (inalienable, e.g., shigaan "my arm", bigaan "her/his/its/their arm"), compound form: gąą-, gą-, gan-
- arm, foreleg, limb, branch, front wheel
Derived terms edit
- chidí bigaan (“front wheel of car”)
- -gaan ahánáwoʼó gónaa (“knuckle/wrist/elbow/shoulder joint”)
- -gaan bitaʼ sitání (“humerus, upper arm bone”) (compare -gąąstsʼin bitaʼ sitání)
- -gaan kʼézʼáí (“paralyzed/stiff arm”) (compare -gąą doo ahą́ą́h ndeełí)
- gaanee (“by hand, manual, armway”)
- gaanee naanish (“manual labor, hand labor, unskilled labor”)
- -gaanlóóʼ (“forearm, lower arm, ulna”) (also -gąąlóóʼ)
- -ganighah (“area of scapula, back of arm”) (also -gąąghah, compare -gąnaghah, -gąną́ghah)
- -gąnaghah (“around back of arm over shoulder”) (also -gąną́ghah, compare -gąąghah, -ganighah)
- -gąnághah (“around back of arm over shoulder”) (also -gąnąghah, compare -gąąghah, -ganighah)
- -gąą agodí (“cut-off arm”) (compare -gąąʼagod)
- -gąą doo ahą́ą́h ndeełí (“stiff/paralyzed arm”) (compare -gaan kʼézʼáí)
- -gąąʼagod (“amputated arm stump”) (compare -gąą agodí)
- -gąąbąstʼáán (“arm on fletching”)
- -gąądikééʼ (“human arm prints, quadruped foreleg prints”)
- -gąądoh (“arm muscle”)
- -gąąghah (“area of scapula, back of arm”) (also -ganighah, compare gąnaghah, -gąną́ghah)
- -gąąghahashjééʼ (“shoulder bands”)
- -gąąghahaztʼiʼ (“shoulder band”)
- -gąąkʼis (“arm/foreleg missing, one-armed”)
- -gąąlóóʼ (“forearm, lower arm, ulna”) (also -gaanlóóʼ)
- -gąąstsiin (“scapula, shoulder blade”) (also -gą́ą́stsiin, compare -gąątsʼin, -gąątsʼiin)
- -gąąstsiin ałchʼįʼ nahííláhí (“spinal area between scapula”)
- -gąąstsiin ałchʼįʼ nihiníláagi (“between shoulder blades, horse withers”)
- -gą́ą́stsiin (“scapula, shoulder blade”) (also -gąąstsiin)
- -gąąstsiin (“shoulder blade, arm bone”) (compare gąątsʼin, -gąąstsiin, -gą́ą́stsiin)
- -gąątsʼin (“arm/foreleg bone”) (compare gąąstsiin, -gą́ą́stsiin, -gąąstsʼiin)
- -gąąstsʼin bitaʼ sitání (“humerus, upper arm bone”) (compare -gaan bitaʼ sitání)
- -gąąyaaí (“forearm”)
- -gąązhnézhí (“arm fringes”)
- -gąązis (“sleeve”) (also -gąąziz)
- -gąąziz (“sleeve”) (also -gąązis)
- -láshgaan (“fingernail, bird claw, quadruped fore-claws”)
- -késhgaan (“toenail, quadruped hind-claws”)
- ńdíshchííʼ bigaan (“pine branch”)
- tsin bigaan (“tree limb”)
Scots edit
Etymology edit
From Old English gān (“to go”). An alternative (and arguably more phonetically neutral; see the pronunciations given) spelling of gan or gaun.
Pronunciation edit
The latter is the more traditional form.
In some compounds it frequently becomes IPA(key): /ɡən/, e.g. gaan oot IPA(key): /ɡən ut/, gaan in IPA(key): /ɡən ɪn/.
Verb edit
gaan (third-person singular simple present gaans, present participle gaan, simple past went or wett, past participle been)
- (South Scots) to go
- Where div ee hink ee'r gaan at this time o night?
- Where do you think you're going at this time of night?
Tagalog edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Philippine *ʀaqan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaqan.
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ɡaˈʔan/, [ɡɐˈʔan]
Noun edit
gaán or gaan (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜀᜈ᜔)
- lightness (lack of weight)
- Antonym: bigat
- facility; ease of doing; easiness
- Synonym: alwan
- lightness (of sleep)
- Synonym: babaw
- ease (of life)
- Synonym: ginhawa
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “gaan”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018