مصر
ArabicEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From a common Semitic source; compare Hebrew מִצְרַיִם (miṣráyim), Ugaritic 𐎎𐎕𐎗𐎎 (mṣrm), and Akkadian 𒈪𒄑𒊑𒄿 (miṣru) or 𒈬𒀫 (muṣru). The ending in Hebrew and Ugaritic is the standard dual form, perhaps related to the ancient conceptualization of Egypt as two realms: Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. The sense of Cairo stemming from the earlier settlement مِصْرُ الفُسْطَاط (miṣru l-fusṭāṭ, “the Civil Center of Assembly”, literally “of the large camel-hair tents, assembly halls”) that was incorporated. Conflated with the root م ص ر (m-ṣ-r) in some senses (see below).
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
مِصْر • (miṣr) f
- Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
- (dialectal, Egypt) Cairo (a city in Egypt)
DeclensionEdit
Singular | basic singular diptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | — | مِصْر miṣr |
— |
Nominative | — | مِصْرُ miṣru |
— |
Accusative | — | مِصْرَ miṣra |
— |
Genitive | — | مِصْرَ miṣra |
— |
Derived termsEdit
- مِصْرِيّ (miṣriyy, “Egyptian”)
- مِصْرِيَّة (miṣriyya, “Egyptian woman”)
- مَصَّرَ (maṣṣara, “to Egyptianize”)
- تَمَصَّرَ (tamaṣṣara, “to become Egyptian”)
- مِصْرِيَّة (miṣriyya, “Egyptianism”)
DescendantsEdit
- → Ottoman Turkish: مصر (Mısır) (see there for further descendants)
Etymology 2Edit
From the root م ص ر (m-ṣ-r), whose significations may have been partially influenced by the name of the North African region.
NounEdit
مِصْر • (miṣr) m (plural أَمْصَار (ʾamṣār))
- border, boundary, limit, march, neighboring territory
- separate area, district, province, city-state
- big city, metropolis, capital
- garrison town, a military fort, an incorporated area; a colony often to establish regional control, a civilizing or cultural settlement,
DeclensionEdit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مِصْر miṣr |
الْمِصْر al-miṣr |
مِصْر miṣr |
Nominative | مِصْرٌ miṣrun |
الْمِصْرُ al-miṣru |
مِصْرُ miṣru |
Accusative | مِصْرًا miṣran |
الْمِصْرَ al-miṣra |
مِصْرَ miṣra |
Genitive | مِصْرٍ miṣrin |
الْمِصْرِ al-miṣri |
مِصْرِ miṣri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | مِصْرَيْن miṣrayn |
الْمِصْرَيْن al-miṣrayn |
مِصْرَيْ miṣray |
Nominative | مِصْرَانِ miṣrāni |
الْمِصْرَانِ al-miṣrāni |
مِصْرَا miṣrā |
Accusative | مِصْرَيْنِ miṣrayni |
الْمِصْرَيْنِ al-miṣrayni |
مِصْرَيْ miṣray |
Genitive | مِصْرَيْنِ miṣrayni |
الْمِصْرَيْنِ al-miṣrayni |
مِصْرَيْ miṣray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَمْصَار ʾamṣār |
الْأَمْصَار al-ʾamṣār |
أَمْصَار ʾamṣār |
Nominative | أَمْصَارٌ ʾamṣārun |
الْأَمْصَارُ al-ʾamṣāru |
أَمْصَارُ ʾamṣāru |
Accusative | أَمْصَارًا ʾamṣāran |
الْأَمْصَارَ al-ʾamṣāra |
أَمْصَارَ ʾamṣāra |
Genitive | أَمْصَارٍ ʾamṣārin |
الْأَمْصَارِ al-ʾamṣāri |
أَمْصَارِ ʾamṣāri |
Derived termsEdit
- مَصَّرَ (maṣṣara, “to found (a city), to settle; to urbanize”)
- تَمَصَّرَ (tamaṣṣara, “to become a city”)
Etymology 3Edit
From the root م ص ر (m-ṣ-r), with senses relating to Egypt deriving directly from مِصْر (miṣr, “Egypt”).
VerbEdit
مَصَّرَ • (maṣṣara) II, non-past يُمَصِّرُ (yumaṣṣiru)
- (transitive) to build or found (a city), to settle or people (a region), to colonize; to civilize
- Synonyms: اِسْتَعْمَرَ (istaʿmara), اِسْتَوْطَنَ (istawṭana)
- (transitive) to make Egyptian, to Egyptianize
ConjugationEdit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tamṣīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mumaṣṣir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mumaṣṣar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | maṣṣartu |
maṣṣarta |
مَصَّرَ maṣṣara |
maṣṣartumā |
maṣṣarā |
maṣṣarnā |
maṣṣartum |
maṣṣarū | |||
f | maṣṣarti |
maṣṣarat |
maṣṣaratā |
maṣṣartunna |
maṣṣarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾumaṣṣiru |
tumaṣṣiru |
yumaṣṣiru |
tumaṣṣirāni |
yumaṣṣirāni |
numaṣṣiru |
tumaṣṣirūna |
yumaṣṣirūna | |||
f | tumaṣṣirīna |
tumaṣṣiru |
tumaṣṣirāni |
tumaṣṣirna |
yumaṣṣirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾumaṣṣira |
tumaṣṣira |
yumaṣṣira |
tumaṣṣirā |
yumaṣṣirā |
numaṣṣira |
tumaṣṣirū |
yumaṣṣirū | |||
f | tumaṣṣirī |
tumaṣṣira |
tumaṣṣirā |
tumaṣṣirna |
yumaṣṣirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾumaṣṣir |
tumaṣṣir |
yumaṣṣir |
tumaṣṣirā |
yumaṣṣirā |
numaṣṣir |
tumaṣṣirū |
yumaṣṣirū | |||
f | tumaṣṣirī |
tumaṣṣir |
tumaṣṣirā |
tumaṣṣirna |
yumaṣṣirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | مَصِّرْ maṣṣir |
maṣṣirā |
maṣṣirū |
||||||||
f | maṣṣirī |
maṣṣirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | muṣṣirtu |
muṣṣirta |
مُصِّرَ muṣṣira |
muṣṣirtumā |
muṣṣirā |
muṣṣirnā |
muṣṣirtum |
muṣṣirū | |||
f | muṣṣirti |
muṣṣirat |
muṣṣiratā |
muṣṣirtunna |
muṣṣirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾumaṣṣaru |
tumaṣṣaru |
yumaṣṣaru |
tumaṣṣarāni |
yumaṣṣarāni |
numaṣṣaru |
tumaṣṣarūna |
yumaṣṣarūna | |||
f | tumaṣṣarīna |
tumaṣṣaru |
tumaṣṣarāni |
tumaṣṣarna |
yumaṣṣarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾumaṣṣara |
tumaṣṣara |
yumaṣṣara |
tumaṣṣarā |
yumaṣṣarā |
numaṣṣara |
tumaṣṣarū |
yumaṣṣarū | |||
f | tumaṣṣarī |
tumaṣṣara |
tumaṣṣarā |
tumaṣṣarna |
yumaṣṣarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾumaṣṣar |
tumaṣṣar |
yumaṣṣar |
tumaṣṣarā |
yumaṣṣarā |
numaṣṣar |
tumaṣṣarū |
yumaṣṣarū | |||
f | tumaṣṣarī |
tumaṣṣar |
tumaṣṣarā |
tumaṣṣarna |
yumaṣṣarna |
Derived termsEdit
- تَمْصِير (tamṣīr, “settlement, civilization, colonization; Egyptianization”)
Etymology 4Edit
Derived from the active participle of أَصَرّ (ʾaṣarr, “to persist in”), from the root ص ر ر (ṣ-r-r).
AdjectiveEdit
مُصِرّ • (muṣirr) (feminine مُصِرَّة (muṣirra), masculine plural مُصِرُّون (muṣirrūn), feminine plural مُصِرَّات (muṣirrāt))
DeclensionEdit
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | مُصِرّ muṣirr |
الْمُصِرّ al-muṣirr |
مُصِرَّة muṣirra |
الْمُصِرَّة al-muṣirra |
Nominative | مُصِرٌّ muṣirrun |
الْمُصِرُّ al-muṣirru |
مُصِرَّةٌ muṣirratun |
الْمُصِرَّةُ al-muṣirratu |
Accusative | مُصِرًّا muṣirran |
الْمُصِرَّ al-muṣirra |
مُصِرَّةً muṣirratan |
الْمُصِرَّةَ al-muṣirrata |
Genitive | مُصِرٍّ muṣirrin |
الْمُصِرِّ al-muṣirri |
مُصِرَّةٍ muṣirratin |
الْمُصِرَّةِ al-muṣirrati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | مُصِرَّيْن muṣirrayn |
الْمُصِرَّيْن al-muṣirrayn |
مُصِرَّتَيْن muṣirratayn |
الْمُصِرَّتَيْن al-muṣirratayn |
Nominative | مُصِرَّانِ muṣirrāni |
الْمُصِرَّانِ al-muṣirrāni |
مُصِرَّتَانِ muṣirratāni |
الْمُصِرَّتَانِ al-muṣirratāni |
Accusative | مُصِرَّيْنِ muṣirrayni |
الْمُصِرَّيْنِ al-muṣirrayni |
مُصِرَّتَيْنِ muṣirratayni |
الْمُصِرَّتَيْنِ al-muṣirratayni |
Genitive | مُصِرَّيْنِ muṣirrayni |
الْمُصِرَّيْنِ al-muṣirrayni |
مُصِرَّتَيْنِ muṣirratayni |
الْمُصِرَّتَيْنِ al-muṣirratayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | مُصِرِّين muṣirrīn |
الْمُصِرِّين al-muṣirrīn |
مُصِرَّات muṣirrāt |
الْمُصِرَّات al-muṣirrāt |
Nominative | مُصِرُّونَ muṣirrūna |
الْمُصِرُّونَ al-muṣirrūna |
مُصِرَّاتٌ muṣirrātun |
الْمُصِرَّاتُ al-muṣirrātu |
Accusative | مُصِرِّينَ muṣirrīna |
الْمُصِرِّينَ al-muṣirrīna |
مُصِرَّاتٍ muṣirrātin |
الْمُصِرَّاتِ al-muṣirrāti |
Genitive | مُصِرِّينَ muṣirrīna |
الْمُصِرِّينَ al-muṣirrīna |
مُصِرَّاتٍ muṣirrātin |
الْمُصِرَّاتِ al-muṣirrāti |
ReferencesEdit
- Wehr, Hans (1979) , “مصر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Hijazi ArabicEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
مَصُر • (maṣur) f
- Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
Related termsEdit
Moroccan ArabicEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
مِصْر • (miṣr) f
- Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
Derived termsEdit
- مصري (miṣri)
Ottoman TurkishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Arabic مِصْر (miṣr, “Egypt”).
Proper nounEdit
مصر • (mısır)
- Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
مصر • (mısır)
DescendantsEdit
PashtoEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
مصر • (misr) m
- Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
PersianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
- Vocalised Persian: مِصر
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /misɾ/
Proper nounEdit
Dari Persian | مصر |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | Миср (Misr) |
مصر • (mesr)
- Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
Related termsEdit
- مصری (mesri)
UrduEdit
EtymologyEdit
Proper nounEdit
مصر • (misr) f (Hindi spelling मिस्र)
- Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)