Hindi

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀆𑀯𑁂𑀤𑀺 (āvedi), from Sanskrit आपयति (āpáyati, cause to reach), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hāpáyati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hāpáyati, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁op-éye-ti. Cognate with Punjabi ਆਉਣਾ (āuṇā), Gujarati આવવું (āvavũ), Mewari आणो (āṇo), and Nepali आउनु (āunu).[1]

The perfective form आया (āyā) is from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀆𑀕𑀤 (āgada) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit आगत (āgata), making it a doublet of आगत (āgat). The originally-suppletive verb appears regular in Modern Hindi due to lenition.[2]

Verb

edit

आना (ānā) (Urdu spelling آنا)

  1. to come, approach, arrive, reach (a place or point)
    मैं अभी आता हूँma͠i abhī ātā hū̃.I'll come right now.
    Antonym: जाना (jānā)
  2. to enter, appear
  3. (of a skill, such as a language) to be acquired or known [with dative ‘by’]; to be fluent
    मुझे (थोड़ी) हिंदी आती हैmujhe (thoṛī) hindī ātī hai.I know (a little) Hindi. (literally, “Hindi comes to me.”)
  4. to be perceived or felt [with dative ‘by’]
    मुझे ख़्याल आयाmujhe xyāl āyā.The thought struck me
  5. to come to pass, befall
  6. to grow (of crops, fruit), develop, come into vogue (of a word or usage), be inflamed (of a boil)
  7. to take on a form or guise
    बड़ा आया दफ़्तर में काम करनेवालाbaṛā āyā daftar mẽ kām karnevālā(please add an English translation of this usage example)
  8. to rise, overflow
  9. to sit well [with में (mẽ) ‘on’], to fit
  10. to beseem, grace
  11. to be intent [with पर (par) ‘on’]
  12. to issue, be voided
  13. to be completed, perfected (of a dish, work, etc)
  14. to be contained, held [with में (mẽ) ‘in’]
    1. (figurative) to be taken in or deceived by
  15. to be obtained, purchased [with में (mẽ) or (dative +) को (ko) ‘for a price’]
  16. auxiliary verb: gives a sense of perfective aspect (completed action) but also the doer returns after doing the action
    कर आनाkar ānāto do (and return)
Conjugation
edit
Antonyms
edit
Derived terms
edit

Noun

edit

आना (ānām

  1. coming, arrival
Declension
edit
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Inherited from Sanskrit अन्न (anna).

Noun

edit

आना (ānām (Urdu spelling آنا)

  1. an anna (116 of an Indian rupee)
  2. (by extension) one sixteenth of any item
Declension
edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “āpayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  2. ^ Oberlies, Thomas (2005) A Historical Grammar of Hindi, Grazer Vergleichende Arbeiten, →ISBN, page 36