什

See also: 甚

什 U+4EC0, 什 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EC0 ← 亿 [U+4EBF] CJK Unified Ideographs 仁 → [U+4EC1]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

什 (radical 9, 人+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人十 (OJ), four-corner 2420₀, composition ⿰亻十)

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 91, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 348
• Dae Jaweon: page 192, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 108, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4EC0

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ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 什
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script	Small seal script
Small seal script s05782 Transcribed ancient scripts L38517
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (十) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
針	*kjum, *kjums
汁	*kjub
卙	*kʰljub
十	*ɡjub
什	*ɡjub

Pronunciation 1Edit

trad.		什/甚*
simp.		什

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shén, shé (shen², she²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˊ, ㄕㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sam⁶
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): sím

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sim⁶ / sib⁸

• Wu (Wiktionary): seq (T4)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shén
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˊ
    • Wade–Giles: shên²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shern
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂən³⁵/
    • 
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Pinyin: shé
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˊ
    • Wade–Giles: shê²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sher
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sam⁶
    • Yale: sahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sam⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sem⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sɐm²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sím
    • Tâi-lô: sím
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siem
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɕim⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕim⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕim⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕim⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕim⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sim⁶ / sib⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sĭm / si̍p
    • IPA ^(key): /sim³⁵/, /sip̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: seq (T4)
    • IPA ^(key): /səʔ⁵⁵/

DefinitionsEdit

什

1. Only used in 什麼／什么 (shénme).

CompoundsEdit

• 不差什麼／不差什么
• 不算什麼／不算什么
• 什麼／什么 (shénme)
• 什麼什麼／什么什么

• 什麼樣／什么样 (shénmeyàng)
• 什麼的／什么的 (shénmede)
• 可什麼／可什么
• 幹什麼／干什么 (gànshénme)

• 沒什麼／没什么 (méishénme)
• 為什麼／为什么 (wèishénme)
• 算什麼／算什么

Pronunciation 2Edit

simp. and trad.		什

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shí (shi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sap⁶, zaap⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍p
• Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): zab⁸
• Wu (Wiktionary): zeq (T5)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shí
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ
    • Wade–Giles: shih²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shy
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sap⁶, zaap⁶
    • Yale: sahp, jaahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sap⁹, dzaap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: seb⁶, zab⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sɐp̚²/, /t͡sɑːp̚²/

Note:

• sap6 - literary;
• zaap6 - variant (“miscellaneous” or alternative form of 雜).

Hakka

• (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p
  • Hakka Romanization System: siib
  • Hagfa Pinyim: sib⁶
  • IPA: /sɨp̚⁵/

Min Nan

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: zab⁸
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p
  • IPA ^(key): /t͡sap̚⁴/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: zeq (T5)
  • IPA ^(key): /z̻əʔ¹²/

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• Middle Chinese: /d͡ʑiɪp̚/▼

Rime
Character	什
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	緝 (141)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	是執切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑip̚/
Li Rong	/ʑiəp̚/
Wang Li	/ʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shí

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*t.[ɡ]əp/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡjub/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	什
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shí
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyip ›
Old Chinese	/*t.[ɡ]əp/
English	troop of ten men
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	什
Reading #	1/1
No.	11453
Phonetic component	十
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	十
Old Chinese	/*ɡjub/

DefinitionsEdit

什

1. ^† (census) ten families
2. ^† troop of ten men
3. ^† set of ten poems
4. ^† Alternative form of 十 (shí, “ten”), usually used in fractions or multiples.
5. miscellaneous; assorted
6. Alternative form of 雜／杂 (zá).
7. A surname​.

CompoundsEdit

• 什一
• 什一之利
• 什不閑／什不闲
• 什件
• 什件兒／什件儿
• 什伯
• 什器
• 什物 (shíwù)
• 什百
• 什葉／什叶
• 什葉派／什叶派 (Shíyèpài)

• 什襲／什袭
• 什襲珍藏／什袭珍藏
• 什錦／什锦 (shíjǐn)
• 什面
• 佳什
• 僗什子
• 克什克騰／克什克腾
• 勞什子／劳什子 (láoshízi)
• 勞什骨子／劳什骨子
• 哈什螞／哈什蚂 (hàshimǎ)
• 喀什噶爾／喀什噶尔 (Kāshígá'ěr)

• 喀什米爾／喀什米尔 (Kàshímǐ'ěr)
• 孟什維克／孟什维克 (mèngshíwéikè)
• 家什 (jiāshi)
• 巴什吉爾／巴什吉尔
• 戈什
• 戈什哈
• 撈什子／捞什子
• 物什 (wùshí)
• 篇什
• 素什錦／素什锦
• 風什／风什

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

什

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: じゅう (jū)^{←じふ (zifu, historical)}
• Kan’on: しゅう (shū)^{←しふ (sifu, historical)}
• Kun: くみ (kumi, 什); とお (tō, 什)^{←とを (towo, historical)}; まじる (majiru, 什じる)

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

什 • (sip, jip) (hangeul 십, 집, revised sip, jip, McCune–Reischauer sip, chip)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

什 (thập, lặt, thậm)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

• Nom Foundation