Wiktionary

茶

See also: 苶 and 荼
茶 U+8336, 茶
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8336
← 茵
[U+8335] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 茷 →
[U+8337]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

茶 (radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿人木 (TOD), four-corner 44904, composition ⿳艹𠆢朩(GV) or ⿳艹𠆢木(HTJK))

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1029, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30915
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1488, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3207, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8336

Central BaiEdit

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NounEdit

茶 (tɕa⁴⁴)

  1. hanzi form of tɕa⁴⁴ (tea)

ChineseEdit

trad. 茶
simp. # 茶
 
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (余) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
斜 *lja, *laː
茶 *rlaː
荼 *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː
梌 *rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
搽 *rlaː
塗 *rlaː, *l'aː
佘 *ɦlja
賒 *hljaː
畬 *hljaː, *la
舍 *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
捨 *hljaːʔ
騇 *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
涻 *hljaːs
稌 *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ
悇 *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las
庩 *l̥ʰaː
捈 *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
途 *l'aː
酴 *l'aː
駼 *l'aː
鵌 *l'aː, *la
涂 *l'aː, *l'a
嵞 *l'aː
峹 *l'aː
筡 *l'aː, *l̥ʰa
蒤 *l'aː
徐 *lja
俆 *lja
敘 *ljaʔ
漵 *ljaʔ
除 *l'a, *l'as
篨 *rla
滁 *rla
蒢 *rla
蜍 *ɦlja, *la
鵨 *hljaː
瑹 *hlja
余 *la
餘 *la
艅 *la
狳 *la
雓 *la
悆 *las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rlaː): semantic 艸 + phonetic 余 (OC *la).

茶 originates as a graphical modification of archaic 荼 (OC *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː, “bitter plant”), used for “tea” in classical sources.

EtymologyEdit

As tea may have originated from Sichuan, where the native Yi people speak Loloish languages, Sagart (1999) suggests that the Old Chinese item was possibly originally borrowed from Proto-Loloish *la¹ (“tea”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-la (“leaf; tea”). Schuessler (2007) traces its ultimate origin to Proto-Austroasiatic *sla (“leaf”) (compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *slaʔ).

Alternatively, Qiu (1988) suggests that it might be a semantic extension of 荼 (OC *l'aː, “bitter plant”).

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • tê/têe - vernacular;
  • tâ, chhâ - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 茶
    Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰa³⁵/
    Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡sʰɑ⁴⁵/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
    Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
    Xi'an /t͡sʰa²⁴/
    Xining /t͡sʰa²⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/
    Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/
    Ürümqi /t͡sʰa⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡sʰa²¹³/
    Chengdu /t͡sʰa³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡sʰa²¹/
    Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰa̠³¹/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰɑ²⁴/
    Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰa¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡sɑ¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡sʰa³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /zo²³/
    Suzhou /zo¹³/
    Hangzhou /d͡zɑ²¹³/
    Wenzhou /d͡zo³¹/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sʰa⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /t͡sɔ⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡sa¹³/
    Xiangtan /d͡zɒ¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɑ²⁴/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰa¹¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡sʰɑ¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰa²¹/
    Nanning /t͡sʰa²¹/
    Hong Kong /t͡sʰa²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ta³⁵/
    /te³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ta⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ta³³/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /te⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdɛ³¹/
    Rime
    Character 茶
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
    Final (韻) 麻 (98)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 宅加切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɖˠa/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɖᵚa/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ȡa/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɖaɨ/
    Li
    Rong         		/ȡa/
    Wang
    Li         		/ȡa/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ȡʱa/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		chá
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 茶
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15747
    Phonetic
    component         		余
    Rime
    group         		魚
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		𡨀
    Old
    Chinese         		/*rlaː/
    Notes 俗𣘻字，荼轉註分化字

    DefinitionsEdit

    茶

    1. tea (plant, leaves)
    2. tea (beverage made by infusing tea leaves in hot water)
      綠茶 / 绿茶  ―  lǜchá  ―  green tea
    3. beverage (in general)
      涼茶 / 凉茶  ―  liángchá  ―  Chinese herb tea
    4. Chinese medicine
      午時茶 / 午时茶  ―  wǔshíchá  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
    5. yum cha
      早茶  ―  zǎochá  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
    6. (obsolete) a moment (the time it takes to drink a cup of tea)
    7. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Xiang, Wu) boiled or boiling water

    SynonymsEdit

    Dialectal synonyms of 茶 (“tea (drink)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 茶, 檟, 蔎, 茗, 荈
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 茶
    Mandarin Beijing 茶
    Taiwan 茶
    Harbin 茶
    Jinan 茶
    Muping 茶
    Luoyang 茶
    Wanrong 茶
    Xi'an 茶
    Xining 茶
    Xuzhou 茶, 茶葉茶
    Yinchuan 茶
    Lanzhou 茶
    Ürümqi 茶
    Wuhan 茶
    Chengdu 茶
    Guiyang 茶
    Liuzhou 茶
    Yangzhou 茶, 茶葉茶
    Nanjing 茶
    Hefei 茶
    Nantong 茶葉茶
    Malaysia 茶
    Singapore 茶
    Cantonese Guangzhou 茶
    Hong Kong 茶
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 夷茶
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 茶
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 茶葉茶
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 茶葉茶
    Macau 茶
    Panyu 茶
    Huadu (Huashan) 茶
    Conghua 茶
    Zengcheng 茶
    Foshan 茶
    Nanhai (Shatou) 茶
    Shunde 茶
    Sanshui 茶
    Gaoming (Mingcheng) 茶
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 茶
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 茶
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 茶
    Doumen 茶
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 茶
    Xinhui 茶
    Taishan 茶
    Kaiping (Chikan) 茶
    Enping (Niujiang) 茶
    Heshan (Yayao) 茶
    Dongguan 茶
    Bao'an (Shajing) 茶
    Yangjiang 茶
    Kuala Lumpur 茶
    Singapore 茶
    Gan Nanchang 茶, 茶葉茶
    Lichuan 茶
    Pingxiang 茶
    Hakka Meixian 茶
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 茶
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 茶
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 茶
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 茶
    Conghua (Lütian) 茶
    Yudu 茶
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 茶
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 茶
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 茶
    Dongshi (Dabu) 茶
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 茶
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 茶
    Hong Kong 茶葉茶
    Senai 茶
    Huizhou Jixi 茶
    Jin Taiyuan 茶
    Min Bei Jian'ou 茶
    Min Dong Fuzhou 茶
    Fuqing 茶
    Matsu 茶
    Min Nan Xiamen 茶
    Quanzhou 茶
    Zhangzhou 茶
    Taipei 茶
    Kaohsiung 茶
    Tainan 茶
    Taichung 茶
    Hsinchu 茶
    Lukang 茶
    Sanxia 茶
    Yilan 茶
    Kinmen 茶
    Magong 茶
    Penang (Hokkien) 茶
    Singapore (Hokkien) 茶
    Philippines (Manila Hokkien) 茶
    Chaozhou 茶
    Shantou 茶
    Haifeng 茶
    Thailand (Bangkok Teochew) 茶
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 茶
    Wenchang 茶
    Singapore (Teochew) 茶
    Haikou 茶
    Leizhou 茶
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 茶
    Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 茶
    Wu Shanghai 茶葉茶
    Suzhou 茶, 茶葉茶
    Hangzhou 茶
    Wenzhou 茶, 茶葉茶
    Chongming 茶葉茶
    Danyang 茶, 茶葉茶
    Jinhua 茶
    Ningbo 茶, 茶葉茶
    Xiang Changsha 茶, 茶葉茶
    Shuangfeng 茶
    Loudi 茶
    Dialectal synonyms of 開水 (“boiled water”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 開水
    Mandarin Beijing 開水
    Taiwan 開水
    Tianjin 開水
    Jinan 開水
    Xi'an 開水
    Wuhan 開水
    Chengdu 開水
    Yangzhou 開水, 茶
    Hefei 開水
    Malaysia 滾水, 燒水
    Cantonese Guangzhou 滾水, 茶
    Hong Kong 滾水
    Shunde 滾水
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 滾水
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 滾水
    Taishan 滾水
    Kaiping (Chikan) 滾水
    Dongguan 滾水
    Shaoguan 開水
    Yunfu 滾水
    Yangjiang 滾水
    Xinyi 滾水
    Lianjiang 滾水
    Nanning 滾水
    Gan Nanchang 開水, 茶
    Hakka Meixian 滾水
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 滾水
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 滾水
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 滾水
    Dongshi (Dabu) 滾水
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 滾水
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 滾水
    Jin Taiyuan 開水
    Min Bei Jian'ou 滾湯, 開水
    Min Dong Fuzhou 開水, 滾湯
    Min Nan Xiamen 滾水
    Quanzhou 滾水
    Zhangzhou 滾水
    Taipei 白茶, 滾水
    Kaohsiung 滾水
    Tainan 滾水
    Taichung 滾水
    Hsinchu 滾水
    Lukang 滾水
    Sanxia 滾水
    Yilan 滾水
    Kinmen 滾水
    Magong 滾水
    Penang (Hokkien) 滾水
    Philippines (Manila Hokkien) 滾水
    Chaozhou 滾水
    Shantou 滾水
    Haifeng 滾水
    Haikou 沸水
    Leizhou 沸水
    Wu Shanghai 開水, 茶水
    Suzhou 開水, 茶
    Wenzhou 開水, 茶湯
    Xiang Changsha 開水, 茶
    Shuangfeng 開水

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 茶

    DescendantsEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    茶

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. tea

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    EtymologyEdit

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
     
    茶 (cha): a cup of tea.
    Kanji in this term
    茶
    ちゃ
    Grade: 2
    kan’yōon

    From various dialects of Middle Chinese 茶 (MC ɖˠa). Compare modern Mandarin reading chá, Hakka chhà, Cantonese caa4.

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    茶(ちゃ) • (cha) 

    1. tea (not used in isolation in modern Japanese)
    2. brown

    Usage notesEdit

    This term is not used on its own in modern Japanese. For the tea sense, this is used either with the honorific prefix お (o-), or in a compound such as 茎茶 (kukicha, literally “stem tea”) or 緑茶 (ryokucha, “green tea”).

    • お茶(ちゃ)はいかがですか。
      Ocha wa ikaga desuka.
      How about some tea? (Would you like some tea?)

    For the brown sense, this is used with the color suffix 色 (-iro), as in 茶色 (chairo, “brown”, literally “tea color”).

    SynonymsEdit

    DescendantsEdit

    See alsoEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    茶 (eum 차 (cha))

    1. Hanja form? of 차 (“tea”).

    茶 (eumhun 차 다 (cha da))

    1. Hanja form? of 다 (“tea (color); dark brown, tawny”).
      다갈색 (茶褐色, dagalsaek, “dark brown, tawny”)

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    茶 (trà, chè)

    1. Hán tự form of trà (“tea”).
    2. Hán tự form of chè (“tea”).
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=茶&oldid=59017437"