巨

See also: 鉅, 臣, and 囙

巨	U+5DE8, 巨 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DE8

← 巧
[U+5DE7]

CJK Unified Ideographs

巩 →
[U+5DE9]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

巨 (Kangxi radical 48, 工+2 in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 工+1 in mainland China, 5 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 4 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 尸尸 (SS), four-corner 7171₇, composition ⿷工コ(TJK) or ⿷匚コ(G))

Derived characters edit

佢, 𠰠, 姖, 岠, 弡, 怇, 拒, 洰, 昛, 柜, 炬, 𭸾, 𨒑, 歫, 矩, 秬, 粔, 䋌, 耟, 蚷, 詎(讵), 𧲽, 𧺹, 距, 䣰, 鉅(钜), 壾, 駏, 鮔, 𪀏, 䶙, 䢹, 𩿝, 巪, 乬, 螶, 奆, 苣, 𥬙, 𨳽

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 325, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8722
Dae Jaweon: page 628, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 82, character 1
Unihan data for U+5DE8

Chinese edit

trad.		巨
simp. ^#		巨
alternative forms		㠪𠫕𢀑 ancient form 𢀓

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 巨
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (巨) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
柜	*kaʔ
渠	*ɡa
磲	*ɡa
蕖	*ɡa
蟝	*ɡa
璖	*ɡa
巨	*ɡaʔ
距	*ɡaʔ
拒	*ɡaʔ
苣	*ɡaʔ
炬	*ɡaʔ
詎	ɡaʔ, ɡas
鉅	*ɡaʔ
秬	*ɡaʔ
粔	*ɡaʔ
駏	*ɡaʔ
歫	*ɡaʔ
矩	*kʷaʔ
榘	*kʷaʔ

Pictogram (象形) – a carpenter's square; the original form of 矩 (OC *kʷaʔ). Borrowed phonetically for the sense "enormous".

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *wa (“large, wide, distant”). Insides Sinitic, 巨 (OC *gwaʔ ?) is possibly related to 迂 (OC *wa, “to enlarge, increase”) and perhaps 況 (OC *hwaŋh, “to increase, increasingly, how much more, moreover”); outsides Sinitic, cognate with Mizo vak (“with force, very hard, much, exceedingly, in large number / quantities, (open mouth) wide”).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jù (ju⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): geoi⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khî

(Meixian, Guangdong): ki¹
Eastern Min (BUC): gé̤ṳ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kū / kǐr / kī / kîr / kǐ

(Teochew, Peng'im): ge⁶
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶jiu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyù
  - Wade–Giles: chü⁴
  - Yale: jyù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuh
  - Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: geoi⁶
  - Yale: geuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: goey⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: gêu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɵy̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khî
  - Hakka Romanization System: ki´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ki¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ki¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gé̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /køy²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kū
  - Tâi-lô: kū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ku
  - IPA (Taipei): /ku³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ku²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Hui'an)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǐr
  - Tâi-lô: kǐr
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Hui'an): /kɯ²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kī
  - Tâi-lô: kī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ki
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kîr
  - Tâi-lô: kîr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kɯ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǐ
  - Tâi-lô: kǐ
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /ki³³/

Note:

Quanzhou:
- kǐr - literary;
- kîr - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ge⁶
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳ̆
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɯ³⁵/

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶jiu
  - MiniDict: jiu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jjy
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑy²³/

Middle Chinese: gjoX

Rime
Character	巨
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	其吕切
Baxter	gjoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨʌ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiɔ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiɔ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gɨə̆^X/
Li Rong	/ɡiɔ^X/
Wang Li	/ɡĭo^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯wo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	geoi⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡaʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	巨
Reading #	1/1
No.	7047
Phonetic component	巨
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ɡaʔ/

Definitions edit

巨

huge; gigantic; enormous
alt. forms: 鉅／巨 (jù), 距 (jù)
a surname
macro-; macro
million; one million; mega-; mega
Short for 巨港 (Jùgǎng, “Palembang”).
(The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
(neologism) super; very

Antonyms edit

小 (xiǎo)
微 (wēi)

Compounds edit

一代巨擘
三巨頭／三巨头 (sānjùtóu)
天王巨星
巨人 (jùrén)
巨人族
巨人症 (jùrénzhèng)
巨作 (jùzuò)
巨公
巨勛／巨勋
巨匠 (jùjiàng)
巨商
巨型 (jùxíng)
巨壑
巨大 (jùdà)
巨大無比／巨大无比 (jùdàwúbǐ)
巨子 (jùzǐ)
巨室 (jùshì)
巨富 (jùfù)
巨川
巨幅 (jùfú)
巨擘 (jùbò)
巨星 (jùxīng)
巨棒
巨棒外交
巨款 (jùkuǎn)
巨毋霸 (jùwúbà)
巨流 (jùliú)
巨浪 (jùlàng)
巨海
巨浸
巨港 (Jùgǎng)
巨然
巨無霸／巨无霸 (jùwúbà)
巨爵座 (Jùjuézuò)
巨猾
巨猿
巨盜／巨盗
巨眼
巨石
巨石文化
巨碩／巨硕
巨禍／巨祸 (jùhuò)
巨萬／巨万 (jùwàn)
巨細／巨细 (jùxì)
巨脾症
巨著 (jùzhù)
巨蛋 (jùdàn)
巨蛇座 (Jùshézuò)
巨蜥 (jùxī)
巨蟹座 (Jùxièzuò)
巨蠹
巨觥 (jùgōng)
巨變／巨变 (jùbiàn)
巨資／巨资 (jùzī)
巨闕／巨阙
巨響／巨响 (jùxiǎng)
巨頭／巨头 (jùtóu)
巨額／巨额 (jù'é)
巨鹿 (Jùlù)
巨龍／巨龙 (Jùlóng)
楊巨源／杨巨源
泥足巨人
深奸巨猾
狂濤巨浪／狂涛巨浪
看文巨眼
老奸巨猾
艱巨／艰巨 (jiānjù)
超巨星 (chāojùxīng)
郭巨
鴻篇巨制／鸿篇巨制 (hóngpiānjùzhì)
鴻篇巨帙／鸿篇巨帙 (hóngpiānjùzhì)

Etymology 2 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 巨 – see 颶 (“typhoon; hurricane”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 颶).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References edit

“巨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01149

Japanese edit

Shinjitai	巨
Kyūjitai ^[1]	巨󠄁 巨+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	巨󠄃 巨+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
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