Wiktionary

渠

渠 U+6E20, 渠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E20
← 渟
[U+6E1F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 渡 →
[U+6E21]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

渠 (radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水尸木 (ESD), four-corner 31904, composition ⿱洰木)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 633, character 48
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17764
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1040, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1645, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6E20

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 渠
alternative forms 𠍲 pronoun
佢 pronoun (dialectal)
伊 pronoun (S. Sixian Hakka; Shanghainese)
洰 second round simplified

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 渠
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (巨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
柜 *kaʔ
渠 *ɡa
磲 *ɡa
蕖 *ɡa
蟝 *ɡa
璖 *ɡa
巨 *ɡaʔ
距 *ɡaʔ
拒 *ɡaʔ
苣 *ɡaʔ
炬 *ɡaʔ
詎 *ɡaʔ, *ɡas
鉅 *ɡaʔ
秬 *ɡaʔ
粔 *ɡaʔ
駏 *ɡaʔ
歫 *ɡaʔ
矩 *kʷaʔ
榘 *kʷaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡa): semantic 水 (“water”) + abbreviated phonetic 榘 (OC *kʷaʔ).

EtymologyEdit

“ditch; canal; drain”
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ka ~ *k(r)a (“path; way; channel; ditch”); probably the same word as 衢 (OC *ɡʷa, “passage”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan རྐ (rka, “gutter; channel; furrow”).
third-person pronoun
Attested since 4th to 5th century CE, preserved in many central and southern dialects (Schuessler, 2007). See 佢.

Pronunciation 1Edit

Rime
Character 渠
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 強魚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/gɨə̆/
Li
Rong 		/ɡiɔ/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/gi̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qú
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 渠
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qú
Middle
Chinese 		‹ gjo ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɡ](r)a/
English canal

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 渠
Reading # 1/1
No. 7042
Phonetic
component 		巨
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡa/

DefinitionsEdit

渠

  1. ditch; canal; drain
    渠務 / 渠务  ―  qúwù  ―  drainage services
  2. † big; huge
  3. A surname​.

Pronunciation 2Edit

Note:
  • keoi5, heoi5 - vernacular (most commonly written as 佢);
  • keoi4 - literary.
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Min Nan
  • Wu
    Rime
    Character 渠
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 群 (30)
    Final (韻) 魚 (22)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 強魚切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɡɨʌ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɡiɔ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɡiɔ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/gɨə̆/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɡiɔ/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɡĭo/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/gi̯wo/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		qú

    DefinitionsEdit

    渠

    1. (literary or dialectal) third-person pronoun; he, she, it
      問渠哪得清如許，為有源頭活水來。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
      From: c. 12th century, 朱熹 (Zhu Xi), 觀書有感
      Wèn qú nǎ dé qīng rú xǔ, wèi yǒu yuántóu huóshuǐ lái. [Pinyin]
      [I want to] ask it [the pond] why it can be so clear. It is because running water continuously flows in.
    SynonymsEdit
    Dialectal synonyms of 他 (“he”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 伊, 彼, 其, 厥, 渠, 夫, 之 object, 乃
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 他
    Mandarin Beijing 他, 怹 honorific
    Taiwan 他
    Tianjin 他
    Harbin 他
    Shenyang 他
    Hailar 他
    Ulanhot 他
    Tongliao 他
    Chifeng 他
    Bayanhot 他
    Jinan 他
    Muping 他
    Luoyang 他
    Wanrong 他, 伢
    Xi'an 他
    Xining 家, 他
    Xuzhou 他
    Yinchuan 他
    Lanzhou 他, 那
    Ürümqi 他
    Wuhan 他, 他家
    Chengdu 他
    Guiyang 他
    Guilin 他
    Liuzhou 他
    Kunming 他
    Yangzhou 他
    Nanjing 他
    Hefei 他
    Nantong 他
    Malaysia 他
    Singapore 他
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 他
    Cantonese Guangzhou 佢
    Hong Kong 佢
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 佢
    Macau 佢
    Panyu 佢
    Huadu (Huashan) 佢
    Conghua 佢
    Zengcheng 佢
    Foshan 佢
    Nanhai (Shatou) 佢
    Shunde 渠
    Sanshui 佢
    Gaoming (Mingcheng) 佢
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 渠
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 佢
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 佢
    Doumen 佢
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 佢
    Xinhui 佢
    Taishan 佢
    Kaiping (Chikan) 佢
    Enping (Niujiang) 佢
    Heshan (Yayao) 佢
    Dongguan 佢
    Bao'an (Shajing) 佢
    Shaoguan 佢
    Yunfu 佢
    Yangjiang 佢
    Xinyi 佢
    Lianjiang 佢
    Nanning 佢
    Wuzhou 佢
    Yulin 佢
    Hepu 佢
    Danzhou 渠
    Kuala Lumpur 佢
    Singapore 佢
    Gan Nanchang 渠
    Lichuan 渠
    Pingxiang 他
    Hakka Meixian 佢
    Xingning 佢
    Huidong (Daling) 佢
    Qujiang 佢
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 佢
    Luchuan 佢
    Changting 佢
    Pingyu 佢
    Wuping 佢
    Liancheng 佢
    Ninghua 佢
    Yudu 佢
    Ruijin 佢
    Shicheng 佢
    Shangyou 佢
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 佢
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 佢
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 佢
    Dongshi (Dabu) 佢
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 佢
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 佢
    Hong Kong 佢
    Sabah 佢
    Senai 佢
    Singkawang 佢
    Huizhou Jixi 渠
    Jin Taiyuan 他
    Xinzhou 他
    Baochang 他
    Jining 他
    Hohhot 他
    Baotou 他
    Dongsheng 他
    Linhe 他
    Haibowan 他
    Min Bei Jian'ou 佢
    Min Dong Fuzhou 伊
    Fuqing 伊
    Matsu 伊
    Min Nan Xiamen 伊
    Quanzhou 伊
    Zhangzhou 伊
    Taipei 伊
    Kaohsiung 伊
    Tainan 伊
    Taichung 伊
    Wuqi 伊
    Hsinchu 伊
    Taitung 伊
    Lukang 伊
    Yilan 伊
    Magong 伊
    Penang (Hokkien) 伊
    Singapore (Hokkien) 伊
    Philippines (Manila Hokkien) 伊
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 他, 伊
    Chaozhou 伊
    Shantou 伊
    Haifeng 伊
    Thailand (Bangkok Teochew) 伊
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 伊
    Singapore (Teochew) 伊
    Wenchang 伊
    Haikou 伊
    Leizhou 伊
    Puxian Min Putian 伊
    Xianyou 伊
    Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 佢
    Guilin (Dahe) 他
    Wu Shanghai 伊
    Suzhou 俚, 俚倷, 唔倷
    Hangzhou 他
    Wenzhou 渠
    Chongming 伊
    Danyang 他
    Jinhua 渠
    Tangxi 渠, 渠儂
    Ningbo 渠, 渠儂
    Xiang Changsha 他
    Shuangfeng 他
    Loudi 他
    Quanzhou 他

    CompoundsEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    渠

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    ReadingsEdit

    • On (unclassified): きょ (kyo)
    • Kun: みぞ (mizo, 渠); かれ (kare, 渠); なんぞ (nanzo, 渠ぞ)

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    渠 (eum 거 (geo))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    渠: Hán Nôm readings: cừ, gừa, khờ, cự

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=渠&oldid=58950542"