U+5F99, 徙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F99

[U+5F98]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5F9A]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 60, +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹人卜中人 (HOYLO), four-corner 21281, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 368, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10142
  • Dae Jaweon: page 692, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 827, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5F99

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
The erroneous variant form 𢓊 (left) and ancient form 𡲴 (right) in small seal script, as depicted within the Shuowen Jiezi.

During the Zhou dynasty, was represented with the phonetic borrowing (OC *hliʔ, *hri, “excrement”), with the components and later being added to differentiate the character used to represent "migration". During the Warring States period, the earlier forms of consisting of or components (as seen in   and  ) had these portions transform into , however continued to retain the form. The Chu script form of corrupted into a form with the ("body") component becoming ("tail"),[1] while the Qin script form of omitted the component of and left only remaining.[1] Li Shoukui (2015) however argues that the Chu script ⿸尾少 may not actually be cognate to ⿸尸少 (and ergo ).[1] The clerical script form inherited the Qin script form, however had the component mutate into another ,[1] which coincidentally resulted in the clerical form matching the same character structure as (the Shang dynasty form of ) with an additional component.

Shuowen Jiezi erroneously takes this mutated clerical script form of with two components, and claims that it is a phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *selʔ) : semantic (walk) + phonetic (OC *kjɯʔ). It also omits one of the components to create an alternative form 𢓊, however no such character exists in ancient writing (although coincidentally it has a similar shape to the Shang and Zhou ). Hu Houxuan (1981) states that the "ancient script" form of in Shuowen, 𡲴, comes from a corruption of the variant form featuring in place of , but with the tail portion misrepresented as .[1] For this reason, the "ancient script" forms of provided in Shuowen are extremely corrupted.

Li Jiahao (2010) notes that the ancient form of , namely ⿸尸少, may potentially suggest that is a phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *selʔ) : semantic (walk) + abbreviated phonetic (OC *sraːl, *sraːls).[1]

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sú/sí - literary;
  • sóa - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ɕi²¹⁴/
Harbin /ɕi⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕi¹³/
Jinan /ɕi²¹³/
Qingdao /si⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /si⁵³/
Xi'an /ɕi²¹/
Xining /ɕji⁵³/
Yinchuan /ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /ɕi⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ɕi⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕi⁴²/
Chengdu /ɕi⁵³/
Guiyang /ɕi⁴²/
Kunming /ɕi⁵³/
Nanjing /si²¹²/
Hefei /sz̩²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕi⁵³/
Pingyao
Hohhot /ɕi⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ɕi³⁵/
Suzhou /si⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ɕi⁵³/
Wenzhou /sz̩³⁵/
Hui Shexian /si³⁵/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /si⁴¹/
Xiangtan /si⁴²/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /sai³¹/
Taoyuan /sɑi³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sai³⁵/
Nanning /ɬɐi³⁵/
Hong Kong /sai³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /su⁵³/
/sua⁵³/ ~動
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sɛ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /si²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /sua⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tua²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (16)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter sjeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/siᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/siɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/sjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/siə̆X/
Li
Rong
/sieX/
Wang
Li
/sǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/sie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
si2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjeX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s]ajʔ/
English move (to)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 13400
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*selʔ/

Definitions

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  1. to move one's abode; to shift; to migrate; to relocate
  2. to substitute; to transplant; to swap
  3. (Hakka, Hokkien, Teochew) to move (an object)

Synonyms

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Compounds

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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Li Shoukui (李守奎) (2015 April) ““屎”與“徙之古文”考 [On the ancient glyphs of “屎” and “徙”]”, in 出土文獻[1], volume 6, Tsinghua University, archived from the original on 11 January 2021, pages 154-162

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

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  • Go-on: (shi)
  • Kan-on: (shi)
  • Kun: うつす (utsusu, 徙す)うつる (utsuru, 徙る)

Korean

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Hanja

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(sa) (hangeul )

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: si, tỉ

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References

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