See also:
U+6C0F, 氏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C0F

[U+6C0E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6C10]
U+2F52, ⽒
KANGXI RADICAL CLAN

[U+2F51]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F53]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 83, +0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹女心 (HVP), four-corner 72740, composition ⿸⿱丿𠄌𫠠)

  1. Kangxi radical #83, .
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №449

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 597, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17026
  • Dae Jaweon: page 988, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2130, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6C0F

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         

Pictogram (象形). Various interpretations exist: a man bending over to sow the field,[1] the root of a tree,[2] a man bowing over to the right, a spoon or mallet, a man holding an object, etc.

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit


Note:
  • si6 - literary;
  • zin1 - colloquial.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    Initial () (25)
    Final () (11)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /d͡ʑiᴇX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /d͡ʑiɛX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /d͡ʑjɛX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /d͡ʑiə̆X/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʑieX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ʑǐeX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʑie̯X/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    shì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    si6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    shì
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ dzyeX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*k.deʔ/
    English clan

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 11523
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡjeʔ/
    Notes


    DefinitionsEdit

    1. clan; family; lineage; hereditary house
      夏后  ―  xiàhòushì  ―  The (Sovereign) House of Xia
        ―  shì  ―  tribe; clan
    2. surname
    3. person with the surname of ...; Mr.
      無名无名  ―  wúmíngshì  ―  Anonymous
    4. (historical) née; born as; maiden name
    5. suffix to a personal proper noun for attribution (of a work, invention, discovery, etc.)
      春秋春秋  ―  “Lǚshìchūnqiū”  ―  's Spring and Autumn
        ―  ōushìguǎn  ―  Eustachian tube
    6. (Classical Chinese) suffix to a noun that refers to family membership (actual or honorary)
    Usage notesEdit
    • The meaning of "née" has become largely obsolete, as current Chinese practice is for married women to continue to use their former surnames. The practice of sometimes adopting the husband's surname is being revived, however. follows the maiden name, which follows the married name (“née Zhang”), 張氏 (“Li née Zhang”), or 張氏 (“married to a lady of the Zhang clan”).
    See alsoEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    PronunciationEdit



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (23)
    Final () (11)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /t͡ɕiᴇ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /t͡ɕiɛ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /t͡ɕjɛ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ciə̆/
    Li
    Rong
    /t͡ɕie/
    Wang
    Li
    /t͡ɕǐe/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /t͡ɕie̯/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    zhī
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    zi1
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 11515
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kje/
    Notes

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. Used in 月氏 (yuèzhī, “Yuezhi”).
    2. Used in 閼氏阏氏 (yānzhī, “wife of a Xiongnu chief”).

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 3Edit

    PronunciationEdit



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    Initial () (13)
    Final () (121)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /t͡siᴇŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /t͡siɛŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /t͡siæŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /t͡siajŋ/
    Li
    Rong
    /t͡siɛŋ/
    Wang
    Li
    /t͡sĭɛŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /t͡si̯ɛŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    jīng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    zing1
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 11513
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*skeŋ/
    Notes

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. Only used in 狋氏 (“name of an ancient county”).

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ [1] Retrieved 2019-12-11
    2. ^ [2] Retrieved 2019-12-11

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC d͡ʑiᴇX).

    PronunciationEdit

    • Pitch accent only applies when used as a standalone noun.

    NounEdit

    () (shi

    1. a family, a clan
    2. a certain person

    SuffixEdit

    () (-shi

    1. (honorific) Mr.; Ms.
      • 1997 September 1 [Oct 10 1996], Fujiko F. Fujio, “くたばれ(ひょう)(ろん)() の(まき) [The Drop-Dead Critic]”, in エスパー魔美 [Esper Mami], volume 1 (fiction), 4th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 157:
        ()(ぶん)テレポートさせた(つるぎ)()のガン(さい)(ぼう)
        Bubun terepōto saseta Tsurugi-shi no gan saibō.
        These are the cancer cells I teleported out of Mr. Tsurugi.

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    うじ
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    うじ
    [noun] (historical) a clan
    [noun] a family name, a surname
    [noun] one's house, birth, lineage
    [suffix] (historical, honorific) a clan (added after the clan name as an honorific)
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC d͡ʑiᴇX). Has unusual tensing, the only other such readings being (ssang) and (kkik).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 씽〯 (Yale: ssǐ)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] 각시〮 (Yale: kàksí) 시〮 (Yale: )

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 성씨(姓氏) (seongssi ssi))

    1. Hanja form? of (lineage; surname).
    2. Hanja form? of (Mr.; Ms.).

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC t͡ɕiᴇ).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 (Yale: )

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    (eumhun 나라 이름 (nara ireum ji))

    1. (historical) Hanja form? of (Only used in 월지 (月氏, wolji)).

    CompoundsEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    : Hán Nôm readings: thị

    1. chữ Hán form of thị (she/her; that criminal; you (derogatory); bitch).