晨
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Translingual
editHan character
edit晨 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 日一一女 (AMMV), four-corner 60232, composition ⿱日辰)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 496, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13962
- Dae Jaweon: page 862, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1512, character 3
- Unihan data for U+6668
Chinese
edittrad. | 晨 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 晨 | |
alternative forms | 䢅 辰 曟 㫳 𠔹 ancient |
Glyph origin
editOld Chinese | |
---|---|
辴 | *tʰɯl, *tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn |
屒 | *tɯnʔ, *djɯn |
振 | *tjɯn, *tjɯns |
侲 | *tjɯn, *tjɯn |
桭 | *tjɯn, *djɯn |
唇 | *tjɯn, *ɦljun |
帪 | *tjɯn |
賑 | *tjɯnʔ, *tjɯns |
裖 | *tjɯnʔ |
敐 | *tjɯnʔ, *djɯn |
震 | *tjɯn |
娠 | *tjɯns, *hljɯn |
蜃 | *djɯns, *djɯnʔ, *djins |
辰 | *djɯn |
晨 | *djɯn, *ɦljɯn |
宸 | *djɯn |
鷐 | *djɯn |
麎 | *djɯn |
祳 | *djɯnʔ |
脤 | *djɯnʔ |
鋠 | *djɯnʔ |
磭 | *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ |
陙 | *djun |
脣 | *ɦljun |
漘 | *ɦljun |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *djɯn, *ɦljɯn) and ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn, “time”). Originally written as 辰 alone; 辰 now refers primarily to one of the twelve earthly branches.
Etymology
editEndopassive of 震 (OC *tjɯn, “to shake”) and 振 (OC *tjɯn, *tjɯns, “to excite”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dar ~ d(u/i)r (“to tremble; to shiver”), literally "to stir oneself" > "when life begins to stir" > "early morning" (Schuessler, 2007). Smith (2011) relates 晨 (chén, “early morning”) to 辰 (chén) < *dən, the original form of 蜃 (shèn, “mollusc, clam”) < *dəns, as the rising sun looks ovoid due to atmospheric refraction.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): sen2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): siin4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ceng1
- Northern Min (KCR): sěng
- Eastern Min (BUC): sìng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zen
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shen2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chén
- Wade–Giles: chʻên2
- Yale: chén
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chern
- Palladius: чэнь (čɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: sen2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sen
- Sinological IPA (key): /sən²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: san4
- Yale: sàhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: san4
- Guangdong Romanization: sen4
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: sin3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sin²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: siin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɨn³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀n
- Hakka Romanization System: siinˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sin2
- Sinological IPA: /sɨn¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ceng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰə̃ŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sěng
- Sinological IPA (key): /seiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sìng
- Sinological IPA (key): /siŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 晨 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴⁵/ /t͡sʰən⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰẽ⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /tʃʰə̃⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂʰẽ²⁴/ | |
Xining | /ʂə̃²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃n⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sʰən²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /sən³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /sen²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ʂə̃³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ¹³/ /ʂʐ̩¹³/ 早~飯 | |
Hohhot | /t͡sʰə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /zəŋ²³/ |
Suzhou | /zən¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /zen²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /zaŋ³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕiʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sʰin⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ʂən¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /sən¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /sɨn⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /sən¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /ʃen¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐn²¹/ |
Nanning | /sɐn²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /sɐn²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /sin³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /siŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /seiŋ²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /siŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /tin³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: dzyin, zyin
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ər/, /*sə-[d]ər/
- (Zhengzhang): /*djɯn/, /*ɦljɯn/
Definitions
edit晨
Compounds
edit- 伺晨鳥/伺晨鸟
- 侵晨 (qīnchén)
- 凌晨 (língchén)
- 司晨
- 史晨碑
- 孫晨稿席/孙晨稿席
- 寥若晨星 (liáoruòchénxīng)
- 拂晨
- 早晨
- 昏定晨省
- 明晨
- 昧旦晨興/昧旦晨兴
- 晨光 (chénguāng)
- 晨參暮省/晨参暮省
- 晨參暮禮/晨参暮礼
- 晨夕
- 晨操
- 晨昏 (chénhūn)
- 晨明 (chénmíng)
- 晨昏定省
- 晨昏顛倒/晨昏颠倒
- 晨星 (chénxīng)
- 晨曦 (chénxī)
- 晨歌 (chéngē)
- 晨炊 (chénchuī)
- 晨炊星飯/晨炊星饭
- 晨練/晨练 (chénliàn)
- 晨興夜寐/晨兴夜寐
- 晨褸/晨褛
- 晨跑 (chénpǎo)
- 晨運/晨运 (chényùn)
- 晨鐘暮鼓/晨钟暮鼓 (chénzhōngmùgǔ)
- 晨門/晨门
- 晨間/晨间
- 晨霧/晨雾 (chénwù)
- 晨風/晨风 (chénfēng)
- 晨鳧/晨凫
- 暮禮晨參/暮礼晨参
- 暮鼓晨鐘/暮鼓晨钟 (mùgǔchénzhōng)
- 清晨 (qīngchén)
- 牝雞司晨/牝鸡司晨 (pìnjīsīchén)
- 牝雞晨鳴/牝鸡晨鸣
- 牝雞無晨/牝鸡无晨
- 翌晨
- 花晨月夕
References
edit- “晨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
editKanji
editReadings
editCompounds
editKorean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 晨 (MC dzyin|zyin). Recorded as Middle Korean 신 (sin) (Yale: sin) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
edit晨 (eumhun 새벽 신 (saebyeok sin))
Compounds
editReferences
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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