U+795E, 神
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-795E

[U+795D]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+795F]

U+FA19, 神
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA19

[U+FA18]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FA1A]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order (Mainland China)
 

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 113, +5, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 戈火中田中 (IFLWL), four-corner 35206, composition(GHTJV) or ⿰(K or U+FA19))

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 842, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24673
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1261, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2392, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+795E

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𥙍
𥛠
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script
     

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hlin): semantic (god; deity) + phonetic (OC *hlin, lightning).

Originally in the oracle bone script and in some bronze inscriptions. The ancients feared the unpredictable lightning and considered it to be divine or of divine origin. was added for specialization.

Etymology 1Edit

Possibly Sino-Tibetan; compare Chepang ग्‍लीङ्‌ह (gliŋh, spirit, mind, soul) (Schuessler, 2007)

PronunciationEdit



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʂən³⁵/
Harbin /ʂən²⁴/
Tianjin /ʂən⁴⁵/
/sən⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʂẽ⁴²/
Qingdao /ʃə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʂən⁴²/
Xi'an /ʂẽ²⁴/
Xining /ʂə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂəŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʂə̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /sən²¹³/
Chengdu /sən³¹/
Guiyang /sen²¹/
Kunming /ʂə̃³¹/
Nanjing /ʂən²⁴/
Hefei /ʂən⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /səŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʂəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /sə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zəŋ²³/
Suzhou /zən¹³/
Hangzhou /zen²¹³/
Wenzhou /zaŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕiʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕian⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʂən¹³/
Xiangtan /ʂən¹²/
Gan Nanchang /sɨn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sən¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʃen¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐn²¹/
Nanning /sɐn²¹/
Hong Kong /sɐn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sin³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /siŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /seiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /siŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /tin³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (27)
Final () (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʑiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʑin/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʑjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʑin/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʑiĕn/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʑĭĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡ʑʰi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shén
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
san4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shén
Middle
Chinese
‹ zyin ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.li[n]/
English spirit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11245
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*hlin/

DefinitionsEdit

  1. (religion) god; deity; spirit
      ―  shénwèi  ―  spirit tablet
      ―  cáishén  ―  god of wealth
      ―  shén  ―  god of death
    守護守护  ―  shǒuhùshén  ―  tutelary deity
      ―  shénlùn  ―  atheism
      ―  shénjiào  ―  monotheism
    1. (Protestantism, specifically) God
  2. spirit; soul; mind
  3. expression; countenance; appearance
  4. supernatural; magic; psychic
  5. extraordinary; unbelievable; sublime
  6. a surname. Shen
SynonymsEdit
  • (god):

CompoundsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (しん) (shin)
  • Korean: 신(神) (sin)
  • Vietnamese: thần ()

Others:

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit


DefinitionsEdit

  1. Only used in 神荼 (Shēnshū).

ReferencesEdit

JapaneseEdit

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1]


&#xFA19;
or
+&#xFE00;?
 
神󠄀
+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
神󠄃
+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

KanjiEdit

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanjishinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
かみ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)
 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

⟨kami2 → */kamɨ//kami/

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kamuy.

Not related to (kami1 → kami, top, upper) or (kami, hair). Possibly cognate with Korean (geom, god, spirit).

Often appears in compounds as kamu- or kan-, indicating that kami is a bound or fused form deriving from */kamu.i/. Note that this final i may be the Old Japanese emphatic nominative particle (i), likely cognate with Korean nominative particle (i). Such fusion has occurred in other Japanese terms, such as (me, eye, from ma + i) or (sake, sake, liquor, from saka + i).

Compare Ainu カムィ (kamuy, god).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

(かみ) (kami

  1. (Shinto) a spirit or an essence present in all things, the main subject of worship of Shinto
  2. (by extension, religion) a deity, god
  3. (by extension) thunder
  4. a Shinto shrine
  5. a person of outstanding talent or skill
  6. (Internet slang, attributive) something amazing; great; fantastic; awesome
    (かみ)(きょく)kamikyokuamazing song
    (かみ)ゲーkamiamazing game
QuotationsEdit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:神.

Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit

Proper nounEdit

(かみ) (Kami

  1. (Christianity) God
QuotationsEdit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:神.

See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
しん
Grade: 3
kan’on
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese (MC ʑiɪn). The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Compare modern Mandarin (shén).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

(しん) (shin

  1. (religion) a deity, god, kami
  2. a mysterious or incomprehensible force, compare English act of God
  3. a mind, soul, spirit
  4. Short for 神道 (shintō): Shinto
Derived termsEdit

AffixEdit

(しん) (shin

  1. deity, god, kami
  2. mysterious or incomprehensible force
  3. mind, soul, spirit
  4. Short for 神道 (shintō): Shinto
  5. Short for 神戸 (Kōbe, Kōbe (a city in Japan)).
    阪神(はんしん) (hanshin)
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
じん
Grade: 3
goon
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese (MC ʑiɪn).

The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound) reading, so likely the earlier borrowing from Middle Chinese.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

(じん) (jin

  1. (rare) Same as しん (shin) above

AffixEdit

(じん) (jin

  1. deity, god, kami
  2. mysterious or incomprehensible force
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
irregular
Alternative spellings
(kyūjitai)

⟨mi1 → */mʲi//mi/

From Old Japanese.

Cognate with (mi-), an honorific prefix originally used to refer to gods and other high-status objects.

NounEdit

() (mi

  1. (rare) a god or spirit
Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
  2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese (MC ʑiɪn). Recorded as Middle Korean (sin) (Yale: sin) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

, eumhun 귀신 (gwisin sin)

  1. Hanja form? of (ghost; spirit; phantom; god).

CompoundsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

OkinawanEdit

KanjiEdit

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanjishinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

ReadingsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Kanji in this term
かみ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

From Proto-Ryukyuan *kami.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

(hiragana かみ, rōmaji kami)

  1. a spirit or an essence present in all things
  2. a god, deity

ReferencesEdit


Old JapaneseEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Japonic *kamuy.

Can be parsed as a compound of unbound apophonic (kamu) +‎ (i(2), emphatic nominative particle).

NounEdit

(kami2) (kana かみ)

  1. a spirit or an essence present in all things
  2. a god, deity
  3. (by extension) an Emperor or Empress regnant of Japan
  4. an evil spirit, such as a snake or wild beast
QuotationsEdit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:神.

Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
  • Japanese: (kami)

Etymology 2Edit

Cognate with (mi1-), an honorific prefix originally used to refer to gods and other high-status objects.

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

(mi1) (kana )

  1. (rare) a god or spirit
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

: Hán Việt readings: thần[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: thần[1][2], thằn[1], thườn[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of thần (deity).

ReferencesEdit