唇

See also: 脣

唇	U+5507, 唇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5507

← 唆
[U+5506]

CJK Unified Ideographs

唈 →
[U+5508]

Translingual

Han character

唇 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一女口 (MVR), four-corner 7160₃, composition ⿱辰口)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 191, character 32
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3697
Dae Jaweon: page 411, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 627, character 7
Unihan data for U+5507

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (辰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
辴	tʰɯl, tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn
屒	tɯnʔ, djɯn
振	tjɯn, tjɯns
侲	tjɯn, tjɯn
桭	tjɯn, djɯn
唇	tjɯn, ɦljun
帪	*tjɯn
賑	tjɯnʔ, tjɯns
裖	*tjɯnʔ
敐	tjɯnʔ, djɯn
震	*tjɯn
娠	tjɯns, hljɯn
蜃	djɯns, djɯnʔ, *djins
辰	*djɯn
晨	djɯn, ɦljɯn
宸	*djɯn
鷐	*djɯn
麎	*djɯn
祳	*djɯnʔ
脤	*djɯnʔ
鋠	*djɯnʔ
磭	ŋrɯnʔ, ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
陙	*djun
脣	*ɦljun
漘	*ɦljun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯn, *ɦljun) : phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn) + semantic 口 (“mouth”).

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 唇 – see 脣 (“lip; lip-shaped thing; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 脣).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		唇
simp. ^#		唇
alternative forms		㖘

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhēn (zhen¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhen
  - Wade–Giles: chên¹
  - Yale: jēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jen
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsyin

Rime
Character	唇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	側鄰切
Baxter	tsyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	唇
Reading #	1/2
No.	1361
Phonetic component	辰
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	眞
Old Chinese	/*tjɯn/
Notes	原作側鄰切驚也

Definitions

唇

^† terrified

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhèn (zhen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhèn
  - Wade–Giles: chên⁴
  - Yale: jèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenn
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

Definitions

唇

^† sound of fear; trembling

Japanese

Kanji

唇

(Jōyō kanji)

lip

Readings

Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō); じゅん (jun)
Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō); しゅん (shun)
Kan’yō-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kun: くちびる (kuchibiru, 唇, Jōyō)

Compounds

陰唇(いんしん) (inshin, “labia”)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
唇
くちびる Grade: S
kun'yomi

The くち (kuchi) element is 口 (“mouth”); several dictionaries, such as Kōjien^[1] gloss the meaning of this overall term as 口縁 (kuchiberi), consisting of 口 (kuchi, “mouth”) +‎ 縁 (heri, “edge”). Therefore the current pronunciation kuchibiru may be a shift from an earlier kuchiberi. The h of heri now becomes a b in an instance of rendaku, but may not have in older Japanese.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) くちびる [kùchíbírú] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [kɯ̟̊t͡ɕibʲiɾɯ̟]

Noun

唇(くちびる) • (kuchibiru)

lips
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki:
  
  唇口上音眞, 訓久知比流
  Lips. The Chinese pronunciation above is like shin; the Japanese reading is kuchibiru < kutibi₁ru.

Derived terms

上(うわ)唇(くちびる) (uwakuchibiru), 上(じょう)唇(しん) (jōshin)
下(した)唇(くちびる) (shitakuchibiru), 下(か)唇(しん) (kashin)
紅(こう)唇(しん) (kōshin)

References

^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Takeuchi, Rizō (1962) Nara Ibun: Volume 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō Shuppan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

唇 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Kunigami

Kanji

唇

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Kun: すばー (subā, 唇); しばー (shibā, 唇)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /subaː/

Noun

唇(すばー) (subā)

lip
tongue

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɕibaː/

Noun

唇(しばー) (shibā)

lip
tongue

References

“しばー” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Miyako

Kanji

唇

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Kun: すば (suba, 唇)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ss̩ba/

Noun

唇(すば) (suba)

lip

References

“すば【唇】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Okinawan

Kanji

唇

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Kun: しば (shiba, 唇)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
唇
しば Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɕiba/

Noun

唇(しば) (shiba) ^{←すぃば (siba)^?}

tongue

Suffix

唇(しば) (-shiba) ^{←すぃば (siba)^?}

lip; pertaining to the lips
下(しちゃ)唇(しば)
shichashiba
lower lip

References

“しば” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Tokunoshima

Kanji

唇

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Kun: すぃば (siba); すぃびゃ (sibya)

Pronunciation

(Kametsu) IPA^(key): [sɨ̀bâ] (tone class B)
(Inogawa) IPA^(key): [sɨba]

Noun

唇(すぃば) (siba) (Inogawa,^[1] Kametsu^[2])

tongue
(Kametsu) words

Pronunciation

(Kametsu) IPA^(key): [sɨ̀bjâ] (tone class B)

Noun

唇(すぃびゃ) (sibya) (Kametsu)^[3]^[2]

tongue
words

References

^ Hōsei Daigaku Okinawa Bunka Kenkyūjo (法政大学沖縄文化研究所) (1979) “徳之島井之川方言の語彙 [Vocabulary of the Inogqawa dialect of Tokunoshima]”, in Ryūkyū no Hōgen (琉球の方言), volume 5, →DOI, pages 7-67
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Hirayama, Teruo (平山照男) (1986) 奄美方言基礎語彙の研究 [A Study of Basic Vocabulary of Amami Dialects], Tokyo (東京都): Kadokawa Shoten (角川書店), pages 337-338
^ Pellard, Thomas (2009) “Ogami : Éléments de description d'un parler du sud des Ryukyus”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎^[1], École des hautes études en sciences sociales, page 269

Vietnamese

Han character

唇: Hán Nôm readings: thần, chấn, thuấn, chuấn, chuần, truần, truấn, suấn, suần, sươn, sun, chúm, chún

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yaeyama

Kanji

唇

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Kun: しぃば (sïba, 唇)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sɨba/

Noun

唇(しぃば) (sïba)

lip
tongue

[1] Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[Inogawa-4] Hōsei Daigaku Okinawa Bunka Kenkyūjo (法政大学沖縄文化研究所) (1979) “徳之島井之川方言の語彙 [Vocabulary of the Inogqawa dialect of Tokunoshima]”, in Ryūkyū no Hōgen (琉球の方言), volume 5, →DOI, pages 7-67

[KWC-5] 2.0 ^2.1 Hirayama, Teruo (平山照男) (1986) 奄美方言基礎語彙の研究 [A Study of Basic Vocabulary of Amami Dialects], Tokyo (東京都): Kadokawa Shoten (角川書店), pages 337-338

[6] Pellard, Thomas (2009) “Ogami : Éléments de description d'un parler du sud des Ryukyus”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎^[1], École des hautes études en sciences sociales, page 269

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