泣
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Translingual
edit| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
edit泣 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水卜廿 (EYT), four-corner 30118, composition ⿰氵立)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 617, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17309
- Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1593, character 2
- Unihan data for U+6CE3
Chinese
edit| simp. and trad. |
泣 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
edit| Historical forms of the character 泣 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰrɯb) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 立 (OC *rɯb). The character originally meant "tears," and by extension, it came to represent the act of "crying."[1]
References
edit- ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017
Etymology 1
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krap (“to weep”); cognate with Tibetan ཁྲབ་ཁྲབ (khrab khrab, “weeper”) (STEDT; Mei, 1980b; Coblin, 1986; Baxter, 1995; Schuessler, 2007).
Often thought to be related to 淚 (OC *ruds, “tears”) (Mei, 1980b; Baxter and Sagart, 2014), but see there for more.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cì
- Wade–Giles: chʻi4
- Yale: chì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
- Palladius: ци (ci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jap1
- Yale: yāp
- Cantonese Pinyin: jap7
- Guangdong Romanization: yeb1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐp̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 泣 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕʰi³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰi²¹/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕʰji²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰi¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰi¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /ɕi³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰi²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕʰi³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡sʰiʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰai²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | ||
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕi²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰip̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /kʰip̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jɐp̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /jep̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jɐp̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kʰip̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kʰɛiʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kʰi²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /kʰip̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /li³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: khip
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*k-r̥əp/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰrɯb/
Definitions
edit泣
Synonyms
edit- (to weep):
- 咧咧 (liēlie) (dialectal, of a child)
- 哭 (kū)
- 哭泣 (kūqì)
- 哭訴／哭诉 (kūsù) (to recount tearfully)
- 哭鼻子 (kū bízi) (chiefly Mandarin, colloquial, often humorous)
- 啜氣／啜气 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 啜泣 (chuòqì)
- 啼 (tí) (literary, or in compounds)
- 啼哭 (tíkū) (to cry loudly)
- 嗆／呛 (Hokkien)
- 嗚咽／呜咽 (wūyè)
- 大哭 (dàkū) (to weep loudly)
- 忽喇 (hueh4 ci1) (Jin)
- 抽咽 (chōuyè)
- 抽噎 (chōuyē)
- 抽搭 (chōuda) (colloquial)
- 抽泣 (chōuqì)
- 流淚／流泪 (liúlèi) (to shed tears)
- 流眼淚／流眼泪 (liú yǎnlèi) (to shed tears)
- 痛哭 (tòngkū) (to cry bitterly)
- 號哭／号哭 (háokū) (to wail)
- 號啕／号啕 (háotáo) (to cry loudly)
- 飲泣／饮泣 (yǐnqì) (literary, to weep in silence)
Compounds
edit- 下車泣罪／下车泣罪
- 伯俞泣杖
- 剖肝泣血
- 可歌可泣 (kěgēkěqì)
- 向隅獨泣／向隅独泣 (xiàngyúdúqì)
- 向隅而泣 (xiàngyú'érqì)
- 吞聲飲泣／吞声饮泣
- 哀泣 (āiqì)
- 哭泣 (kūqì)
- 啜泣 (chuòqì)
- 喜極而泣／喜极而泣 (xǐjí'érqì)
- 垂泣 (chuíqì)
- 如泣如訴／如泣如诉
- 如訴如泣／如诉如泣
- 孟宗泣筍／孟宗泣笋
- 對泣／对泣
- 悲泣 (bēiqì)
- 抿泣
- 抽泣 (chōuqì)
- 掩泣
- 掩面而泣
- 擲刀對泣／掷刀对泣
- 斂笑而泣／敛笑而泣
- 新亭對泣／新亭对泣
- 暗泣 (ànqì)
- 枕戈泣血
- 椎心泣血
- 楚囚對泣／楚囚对泣
- 泣下如雨
- 泣下沾襟
- 泣不成聲／泣不成声 (qìbùchéngshēng)
- 泣別虞姬／泣别虞姬
- 泣如雨下
- 泣愬
- 泣杖
- 泣涕
- 泣淚成珠／泣泪成珠
- 泫然欲泣
- 泣珠
- 泣禱／泣祷
- 泣笑敘闊／泣笑叙阔
- 泣罪
- 泣血
- 泣血捶膺
- 泣血枕戈
- 泣血椎心
- 泣血漣如／泣血涟如
- 泣血稽顙／泣血稽颡
- 泣訴／泣诉
- 泣諫／泣谏
- 泣鬼神
- 涕泣 (tìqì)
- 牛衣對泣／牛衣对泣
- 狐死兔泣
- 疼心泣血
- 痛心泣血
- 皋魚之泣／皋鱼之泣
- 相擁而泣／相拥而泣
- 稽顙泣血／稽颡泣血
- 茹泣吞悲
- 虛引猿泣／虚引猿泣
- 號泣／号泣 (háoqì)
- 銜泣／衔泣
- 飲泣／饮泣 (yǐnqì)
- 飲泣吞聲／饮泣吞声
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lì
- Wade–Giles: li4
- Yale: lì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
- Palladius: ли (li)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
edit泣
- † (ideophonic, of wind) blowing rapidly; violent
Etymology 3
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sè
- Wade–Giles: sê4
- Yale: sè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
- Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
edit泣
Japanese
editKanji
edit泣
Readings
editKorean
editHanja
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
editHan character
edit泣: Hán Nôm readings: khắp, khấp, lớp, rắp, rập, khóc
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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