狂簡

Chinese

		conceited; mad	simple
trad. (狂簡)		狂	簡
simp. (狂简)		狂	简

Etymology

子在陳，曰：「歸與！歸與！吾黨之小子狂簡，斐然成章，不知所以裁之！」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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子在陈，曰：「归与！归与！吾党之小子狂简，斐然成章，不知所以裁之！」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Zǐ zài Chén, yuē: “Guī yú! Guī yú! Wúdǎng zhī xiǎozǐ kuángjiǎn, fěirán chéngzhāng, bùzhī suǒyǐ cáizhī!” [Pinyin]

When the Master was in Chen, he said, "Let me return! Let me return! The little children of my school are ambitious and too hasty. They are accomplished and complete so far, but they do not know how to restrict and shape themselves."

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuángjiǎn

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄢˇ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuángjiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuángjiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuang²-chien³
    • Yale: kwáng-jyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwangjean
    • Palladius: куанцзянь (kuanczjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

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• Middle Chinese: gjwang keanX

Rime
Character	狂	簡
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	巨王切	古限切
Baxter	gjwang	keanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡʉɐŋ/	/kˠɛnX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷiɐŋ/	/kᵚænX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuɑŋ/	/kænX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/guaŋ/	/kəɨnX/
Li Rong	/ɡiuaŋ/	/kɛnX/
Wang Li	/ɡĭwaŋ/	/kænX/
Bernard Karlgren	/giwaŋ/	/kănX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuáng	jiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kwong4	gaan2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ  kˤre[n]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaŋ  kreːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	狂	簡	簡
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuáng	jiǎn	jiǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ gjwang ›	‹ kɛnX ›	‹ kɛnX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ/	/*kˁre[n]ʔ/	/*kˁre[n]ʔ/
English	mad, reckless	bamboo slip for writing	select, large-minded, etc.
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	狂	簡
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	12732	6227
Phonetic component	王	閒
Rime group	陽	元
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	狂	簡
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷaŋ/	/*kreːnʔ/

Adjective

狂簡

1. (literary, obsolete) ambitious but uncultivated; highly motivated but lacking discernment