Wiktionary

與

See also: 与
與 U+8207, 與
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8207
← 舆
[U+8206] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 興 →
[U+8208]

TranslingualEdit

Japanese 与
Simplified 与
Traditional 與

Han characterEdit

與 (Kangxi radical 134, 臼+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹X卜金 (HXYC), four-corner 77801, composition ⿶⿳𦥑一八⿹⿺㇉一丨(GHJKV) or ⿶⿳𦥑一八⿹⿺㇉一丿(T))

Derived charactersEdit

Related charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1004, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30212
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1460, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 251, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8207

ChineseEdit

trad. 與
simp. 与
alternative forms
 
𠔔
𠔜
𦥸
𦦲
𫝌
𠔔
𠔜
𦥸
𦦲
𫝌
𫟋
𫤰
𭁇
𭁈
𭁉
𭁕
𮍫
𮍬
𮍭
𮍰

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 與
Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (舁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
攑 *kʰlan
藇 *sla, *ljaʔ, *la, *laʔ, *las
嶼 *ljaʔ
鱮 *ljaʔ
舉 *klaʔ
櫸 *klaʔ
舁 *la
與 *la, *laʔ, *las
輿 *la, *las
旟 *la
璵 *la
歟 *la, *laʔ, *las
譽 *la, *las
嬩 *la
擧 *la
鸒 *la, *las
礜 *las
穥 *las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *la, *laʔ, *las): phonetic 舁 (OC *la) + semantic 牙.

EtymologyEdit

"to be with; to associate with"
Unlikely to be the same word as 舁 (OC *la, “to lift”) (Schuessler,2007).
"to give"
The same word as 予 (OC *laʔ). The word family 舍 (OC *hljaːʔ) is probably derived from this word (Schuessler,2007). Compare Tibetan གླ (gla, “pay; wage; fare”),Mara Chin [Term?] (hla, “to present; to offer (sacrifice); to give”),Jingpho [script needed] (ja³³, “to give”).

Pronunciation 1Edit

Rime
Character 與
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 余吕切
Baxter yoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jɨə̆X/
Li
Rong 		/iɔX/
Wang
Li 		/jĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jyu5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 與
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yoX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-q(r)aʔ/
English give; for; and

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 與
Reading # 2/3
No. 15901
Phonetic
component 		舁
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*laʔ/
Notes 舁分化字

DefinitionsEdit

與

  1. to give; to offer
    贈與／赠与  ―  zèngyǔ  ―  to gift
    給與／给与  ―  jǐyǔ  ―  to accord,to grant
  2. † to agree; to allow; to permit
  3. † to help; to support
    與人為善／与人为善  ―  yǔrénwéishàn  ―  to help others
  4. † to get close to
  5. † to follow
  6. † to befriend; to get along with; to associate with
    • 相與／相与  ―  xiàngyǔ  ―  to get along with somebody
  7. † to fight
  8. † to deal with; to cope
  9. † to compare
  10. † to wait
  11. † to choose; to elect
  12. † clique
  13. † allied country
    與國／与国  ―  yǔguó  ―  allied country
  14. with
    我與這事無關。／我与这事无关。  ―  Wǒ yǔ zhè shì wúguān.  ―  I have nothing to do with the matter.
  15. for
  16. † (passive) by
  17. used to introduce the recipient of an action
    與人民為敵／与人民为敌  ―  yǔ rénmín wéi dí  ―  to be hostile to the people
  18. and (used to connect two nouns)
    山與水／山与水  ―  shān yǔ shuǐ  ―  mountains and waters
  19. (logic) AND; conjunction
  20. † rather than
    與其／与其  ―  yǔqí  ―  rather than
  21. Same as 舉／举 (jǔ)
    選賢與能／选贤与能  ―  xuǎnxiányǔnéng  ―  choose men of talents,virtue,and ability
  22. a surname
SynonymsEdit
Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 與, 及
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和, 與, 及
Mandarin Beijing 跟, 和
Taiwan 跟, 和
Yantai (Muping) 和
Jinan 和, 跟, 給
Wanrong 和
Wanrong (Ronghe) 連
Xi'an 跟, 連
Yinchuan 連
Lanzhou 跟, 和
Xining 帶, 和
Ürümqi 跟, 連, 和
Wuhan 跟
Chengdu 跟, 給, 和
Guiyang 跟, 同, 和
Guilin 跟, 和
Liuzhou 跟, 同, 和
Xuzhou 給
Yangzhou 跟, 交
Nanjing 告, 跟
Hefei 跟
Malaysia 和, 跟
Singapore 和, 跟
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 帶
Cantonese Guangzhou 同, 同埋
Hong Kong 同, 同埋
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 同
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 同
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 同
Macau 同, 同埋
Taishan 同埋
Kaiping (Chikan) 同, 同埋
Dongguan 同, 同埋
Yangjiang 鄧, 同
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 同
Penang (Guangfu) 同
Singapore (Guangfu) 同
Gan Nanchang 跟, 同
Lichuan 和
Pingxiang 同, 跟
Hakka Meixian 同, 摎
Yudu 澗
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 摎
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 同
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 摎
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 同
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 摎
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 和
Hong Kong 摎
Kuching (Hepo) 佮
Huizhou Jixi 搭
Jin Taiyuan 和, 跟
Xinzhou 給
Min Bei Jian'ou 邀
Jian'ou (Dikou) 邀, 儉, 教
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 邀
Pucheng (Shibei) 邀, 跟
Min Dong Fuzhou 共
Changle 共
Fuqing 共
Yongtai 共
Gutian 共
Fu'an 共
Ningde 共
Shouning 隨
Zhouning 傮, 共
Fuding 跟
Min Nan Xiamen 佮, 交
Xiamen (Tong'an) 佮
Quanzhou 佮, 交
Zhangzhou 佮
Tainan 佮
Penang (Hokkien) 佮
Singapore (Hokkien) 佮
Manila (Hokkien) 佮, 交
Chaozhou 佮, 共
Shantou 佮
Jieyang 佮
Singapore (Teochew) 佮
Pontianak (Teochew) 佮
Leizhou 共
Wenchang 共
Haikou 共
Qionghai 共
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 同, 同埋
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 跟, 邀
Wu Shanghai 脫, 脫仔, 得, 得仔, 搭, 搭仔, 交, 幫, 同, 跟
Shanghai (Chongming) 脫
Shanghai (Songjiang) 搭
Suzhou 搭, 搭仔
Danyang 同, 跟
Hangzhou 同
Ningbo 搭, 搭仔
Wenzhou 伉
Jinhua 亨, 跟
Xiang Changsha 跟
Loudi 跟
Shuangfeng 跟, 同
See alsoEdit
  • 而 (ér, “and”),used to connect two clauses or adjectives

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 與

Pronunciation 2Edit

Rime
Character 與
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 羊洳切
Baxter yoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jɨə̆H/
Li
Rong 		/iɔH/
Wang
Li 		/jĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jyu6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 與
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yoH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢ(r)aʔ-s/
English participate in

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 與
Reading # 3/3
No. 15904
Phonetic
component 		舁
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		豫
Old
Chinese 		/*las/

DefinitionsEdit

與

  1. to participate
    參與／参与  ―  cānyù  ―  to participate
  2. † to interfere

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 與

Pronunciation 3Edit

Rime
Character 與
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 以諸切
Baxter yo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jɨə̆/
Li
Rong 		/iɔ/
Wang
Li 		/jĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jyu4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 與
Reading # 1/3
No. 15891
Phonetic
component 		舁
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		余
Old
Chinese 		/*la/
Notes 舁分化字，中加牙表咬牙合力，
牙兼聲

DefinitionsEdit

與

  1. † Used for expressing an exclamatory,doubtful or questioning tone; alternative form of 歟／欤 (yú).

JapaneseEdit

Shinjitai

与

Kyūjitai

與

KanjiEdit

與

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 与)

  1. participate in
  2. give
  3. award
  4. impart
  5. provide
  6. cause

ReadingsEdit

KoreanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Chinese 與 (MC jɨʌX, “give; for; and”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 영〯 (Yale: yě)

PronunciationEdit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jɘ(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [여(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

與 (eumhun 더불 여 (deobul yeo))
與 (eumhun 줄 여 (jul yeo))

  1. Hanja form? of 여 (“and; with; to; for”). [affix]
  2. Hanja form? of 여 (“to give; to grant”). [affix]

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle Chinese 與 (MC jɨʌH, “to participate”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 영〮 (Yale: yé)

PronunciationEdit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jɘ(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [여(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

HanjaEdit

與 (eumhun 참여할 여 (chamyeohal yeo))

  1. Hanja form? of 여 (“to participate”). [affix]

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

NounEdit

Hanja in this term
與

與 • (yeo) (hangeul 여)

  1. (in news headlines) Short for 與(여)黨(당) (yeodang, “(politics) the ruling party”).
    Antonym: 野(야) (ya, “(politics) the opposition party”)
Usage notesEdit

A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

與: Hán Nôm readings: dữ, trở

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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