芙蓉

Chinese edit

	phonetic
trad. (芙蓉)	芙	蓉
simp. ^#(芙蓉)	芙	蓉
alternative forms	夫容

Wikipedia has articles on:

芙蓉 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
芙蓉 (Cantonese)

lotus

cotton rose

Etymology edit

Possibly derived from a word meaning “to blossom”; compare 敷榮／敷荣 (fūróng, “to blossom”) (Zhang and Shen, 2014).

"Seremban": Phono-semantic matching of Malay Sungai Ujong via Cantonese.

Pronunciation 1 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fúróng

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fu⁴ jung⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phù-yùng
Eastern Min (BUC): hù-ṳ̀ng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hû-iông / phû-iông / phû-jiông / phû-jêng
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶vu-yon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fúróng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fúróng
  - Wade–Giles: fu²-jung²
  - Yale: fú-rúng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwurong
  - Palladius: фужун (fužun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu⁴ jung⁴
  - Yale: fùh yùhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu⁴ jung⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu⁴ yung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː²¹ jʊŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phù-yùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: puˇ iungˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pu² yung²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰu¹¹ i̯uŋ¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phù-yùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: puˇ (r)iungˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pu² yung²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰu¹¹ (j)i̯uŋ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hù-ṳ̀ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁵³⁻³³ yŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hû-iông
  - Tâi-lô: hû-iông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hu'ioong
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /hu²⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu²³⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hu²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu¹³⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phû-iông
  - Tâi-lô: phû-iông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phu'ioong
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /pʰu²⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰu²³⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phû-jiông
  - Tâi-lô: phû-jiông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phujioong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰu¹³⁻²² d͡ziɔŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phû-jêng
  - Tâi-lô: phû-jîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phujeeng
  - IPA (Yilan): /pʰu²⁴⁻³³ d͡ziɪŋ²⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶vu-yon
  - MiniDict: vu^去 yon
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³vu-hhion
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vu²² ɦioŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: bju yowng

Rime
Character	芙	蓉
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	防無切	餘封切
Baxter	bju	yowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨo/	/jɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/bio/	/jioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/bio/	/ioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buə̆/	/juawŋ/
Li Rong	/bio/	/ioŋ/
Wang Li	/bĭu/	/jĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯u/	/i̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fú	yóng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu⁴	jung⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ba loŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芙	蓉
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3283	4287
Phonetic component	夫	谷
Rime group	魚	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	扶	容
Old Chinese	/*ba/	/*loŋ/
Notes	見爾雅	見離騷

Noun edit

芙蓉

lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)
- 製芰荷以為衣兮，集芙蓉以為裳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  制芰荷以为衣兮，集芙蓉以为裳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE
  Zhì jìhé yǐwéi yī xī, jí fúróng yǐwéi shāng. [Pinyin]
  I fashioned the flowers of the water-caltrops to adorn my upper garment; I collected those of the lotus for my lower one.
cotton rose (Hibiscus mutabilis)