西班牙

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (西班牙)		西	班	牙
simp. #(西班牙)		西	班	牙

Etymology

Borrowed from the word for Spain in a European language; compare English Spain, Spanish España, German Spanien, Latin Hispania. The choice of the final syllable 牙 (yá) is possibly influenced or reinforced by 葡萄牙 (Pútáoyá, “Portugal”).

Attested as early as 1835, in the Eastern Western Monthly Magazine. An earlier similar transcription is 是班呀, attested in 海國聞見錄 [1730] by Chen Lunjiong (陳倫烱).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Xībānyá

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ ㄅㄢ ㄧㄚˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai¹ baan¹ ngaa⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhai¹ ban¹ nga³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Sî-pân-ngà

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xi¹ ban¹ nga²

• Eastern Min (BUC): Să̤-băng-ngà
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Se-pan-gâ / Se-pan-gêe / Si-pan-gêe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sai¹ bang¹ ghê⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shi-pe-nga

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Xībānyá
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄅㄢ ㄧㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Sibanyá
    • Wade–Giles: Hsi¹-pan¹-ya²
    • Yale: Syī-bān-yá
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shibanya
    • Palladius: Сибанья (Sibanʹja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵⁵ jä³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sai¹ baan¹ ngaa⁴
    • Yale: sāi bāan ngàh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹ baan¹ ngaa⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: sei¹ ban¹ nga⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵ paːn⁵⁵ ŋaː²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhai¹ ban¹ nga³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬai³³ pan³³ ᵑɡa²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sî-pân-ngà
    • Hakka Romanization System: xi´ ban´ ngaˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹ ban¹ nga²
    • Sinological IPA: /si²⁴⁻¹¹ pan²⁴ ŋa¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xi¹ ban¹ nga²
    • Sinological IPA: /si⁴⁴ pan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋa¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Să̤-băng-ngà
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^(p-)βaŋ⁵⁵ ŋa⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Se-pan-gâ
    • Tâi-lô: Se-pan-gâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: se'pan'gaa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /se⁴⁴⁻²² pan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡa²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /se⁴⁴⁻³³ pan⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡa²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /se⁴⁴⁻³³ pan⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡa²³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /se³³ pan³³ ɡa²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Se-pan-gêe
    • Tâi-lô: Se-pan-gêe
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /se⁴⁴⁻²² pan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɛ¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Si-pan-gêe
    • Tâi-lô: Si-pan-gêe
    • IPA (Penang): /si³³⁻²¹ pan³³⁻²¹ ɡɛ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sai¹ bang¹ ghê⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sai pang gê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai³³⁻²³ paŋ³³⁻²³ ɡe⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹shi-pe-nga
    • MiniDict: shi^平 pe nga
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xi-pe-nga
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕi⁵⁵ pe³³ ŋa²¹/

Proper noun

西班牙

1. Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)
   • 1848, 徐繼畬 [Xu Jiyu], editor, 瀛寰志略, volume 9, page 3:

     前明年間，西班牙之臣有可侖者，駕巨艦西尋新地，始抵加勒海灣群島，知有亞墨利加廣土，先取可侖比亞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     前明年间，西班牙之臣有可仑者，驾巨舰西寻新地，始抵加勒海湾群岛，知有亚墨利加广土，先取可仑比亚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     Qiánmíng niánjiān, Xībānyá zhī chén yǒu Kělún zhě, jià jù jiàn xī xún xīn dì, shǐ dǐ jiālèhǎiwān qúndǎo, zhī yǒu Yàmòlìjiā guǎngtǔ, xiān qǔ Kělúnbǐyà. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

• (obsolete) 是班牙 (Shìbānyá), 士班雅 (Shìbānyǎ), 大呂宋／大吕宋 (Dàlǚsòng), 以西把尼亞／以西把尼亚, 以西把你亞／以西把你亚, 日斯巴尼亞／日斯巴尼亚 (Rìsībāníyà)

Derived terms

• 西班牙人 (Xībānyárén)
• 西班牙凍湯／西班牙冻汤 (Xībānyá dòngtāng)
• 西班牙流感 (Xībānyá liúgǎn)
• 西班牙港 (Xībānyágǎng)
• 西班牙烏蠅／西班牙乌蝇
• 西班牙王國／西班牙王国 (Xībānyá Wángguó)
• 西班牙蒼蠅／西班牙苍蝇
• 西班牙語／西班牙语 (xībānyáyǔ)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (西班牙):

• → Korean: 서반아(西班牙) (Seobana)
• → Vietnamese: Tây Ban Nha (西班牙)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
西	班	牙
Grade: 2	Grade: 6	Grade: S
irregular

Glyph origin

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 西班牙 (Xībānyá).

Etymology

Borrowed from English Spain.

Proper noun

西班牙(スペイン) • (Supein) 

1. Obsolete spelling of スペイン.: Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)
   • 1915 September 8, 旭新聞 (Asahi Shinbun) [The Asahi News], number 3240, page 1:

     […] 坂田通商局長が和蘭若しくは西班牙の公使に、 […]

     […] 坂田通商局長が和蘭若しくは西班牙の公使に、 […]

     chief of the Bureau of Commerce Sakata becomes Dutch or Spanish minister

Korean

Hanja in this term
西	班	牙

Proper noun

西班牙 • (Seobana) (hangeul 서반아)

1. (obsolete) Hanja form^? of 서반아 (“Spain”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
西	班	牙

Proper noun

西班牙

1. chữ Hán form of Tây Ban Nha (“Spain”).