賦斂

See also: 赋敛

Chinese edit

		poetic essay; taxation; bestow on poetic essay; taxation; bestow on; endow with	arrange; control oneself; gather
trad. (賦斂)		賦	斂
simp. (赋敛)		赋	敛

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fùliǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄢˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fùliǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fùliǎn
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴-lien³
  - Yale: fù-lyǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhlean
  - Palladius: фулянь (fuljanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹ li̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Middle Chinese: pjuH ljemX

Rime
Character	賦	斂
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	鹽 (153)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	方遇切	良冉切
Baxter	pjuH	ljemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨo^H/	/liᴇm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/pio^H/	/liɛm^X/
Shao Rongfen	/pio^H/	/ljæm^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puə̆^H/	/liam^X/
Li Rong	/pio^H/	/liɛm^X/
Wang Li	/pĭu^H/	/lĭɛm^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯u^H/	/li̯ɛm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fù	liǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu³	lim⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)a-s [r][a]mʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*mpas ɡ·ramʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	賦	斂
Reading #	1/2	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fù	liǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ pju^H ›	‹ ljem^X ›
Old Chinese	/*p(r)a-s/	/*[r][a]mʔ/
English	tax	gather
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	賦	斂
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	13182	10190
Phonetic component	武	僉
Rime group	魚	談
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	付	斂
Old Chinese	/*mpas/	/*ɡ·ramʔ/

Noun edit

賦斂

(historical, archaic) taxation

Synonyms edit

田賦／田赋 (tiánfù)
賦稅／赋税 (fùshuì)
稅收／税收 (shuìshōu)

Verb edit

賦斂

(historical, archaic) to collect taxes
- 北宮奢為衛靈公賦斂以為鐘，為壇乎國門之外，三月而成上下之縣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  北宫奢为卫灵公赋敛以为钟，为坛乎国门之外，三月而成上下之县。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Běigōng Shē wèi Wèi Línggōng fùliǎn yǐ wèi zhōng, wèi tán hū guómén zhī wài, sān yuè ér chéng shàngxià zhī xiàn. [Pinyin]
  Beigong She was collecting taxes for Duke Ling of Wei in order to make a set of bells. He built a platform outside the gate of the outer wall, and in the space of three months the bells were completed, both the upper and lower tiers.

Synonyms edit

徵收賦稅／征收赋税 (zhēngshōu fùshuì)
徵稅／征税 (zhēngshuì)
抾稅／抾税 (Hokkien)
抽稅／抽税 (chōushuì)
收稅／收税 (shōushuì)
課稅／课税 (kèshuì)

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic (賦斂):

→ Japanese: 賦斂(ふれん) (furen)
→ Korean: 부렴(賦斂) (buryeom)

Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
賦	斂
ふ Grade: S	れん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Etymology edit

From Literary Chinese 賦斂 (fùliǎn).

Noun edit

賦(ふ)斂(れん) • (furen)

(historical, archaic) taxation; collecting taxes
- c. 604, Seventeen-article constitution (included in Nihon Shoki, 720):
  
  十二(じふにニ)曰(いハク)、國(くにの)司(つかさ)國(くにの)造(みやつこ)、勿(なかレ)_㆑斂(をさめとルコト)_㆓ 百(ひやく)姓(しやうヲ)_㆒。國(くにニ)非(あらズ)_㆓二(ふたりの)君(きみ)_㆒。民(たみニ)無(なシ)_㆓兩(ふたりの)主(ぬし)_㆒。率(そつ)土(どノ)兆(てう)民(みん)、以(もつテ)_㆑王(わうヲ)爲(す)_㆑主(ぬしト)。所(ところノ)_㆑任(にんズル)官司(つかさつかさハ)、皆(みな)是(こレ)王(きみノ)臣(じんナリ)。何(なんゾ)敢(あへテ)與(ともニ)_㆑公(こうト)、賦(ふ)_㆓‐斂(れんセン)百姓(ひやくしやうヲ)_㆒。 [Man'yōgana]
  十(じふ)二(に)に曰(い)はく、國(くにの)司(つかさ)國(くにの)造(みやつこ)、百(ひやく)姓(しやう)を歛(をさめと)ること勿(なか)れ、國(くに)に二(ふたりの)君(きみ)非(あら)ず。民(たみ)に兩(ふたりの)主(ぬし)無(な)し。率(そつ)土(ど)の兆(てう)民(みん)、王(わう)を以(もつ)て主(ぬし)と爲(す)。任(にん)ずる所(ところ)の官(つかさ)司(つかさ)は皆(みな)是(こ)れ王(きみ)の臣(じん)なり。何(なん)ぞ敢(あへ)て公(こう)と與(とも)に百(ひやく)姓(しやう)を賦(ふ)斂(れん)せん。 [Modern spelling]
  Jūni ni iwaku, kuni-no-tsukasa kuni-no-miyatsuko hyakushō o osametoru koto nakare. Kuni ni futari no kimi arazu. Tami ni futari no nushi nashi. Sotsudo no chōmin ō o motte nushi to su. Ninzuru tokoro no tsukasa-tsukasa wa, mina kore kimi no jin nari. Nanzo aete kō to tomo ni hyakushō o furen sen.
  XII. Kuni no mikotomochi [administrative officials] and kuni no miyatsuko [local lords], ye shouldn't collect the taxes from the commoners. The state hath no two monarchs. The people hath no two masters. Whole people in the whole country, they are dominated by the king. The officials who are appointed, all of them are vassals of the king. Along with the official ones, why dare ye collect the taxes from the commoners?