躇

Translingual edit

Han character edit

躇 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+13, 20 strokes, cangjie input 口一廿十日 (RMTJA), four-corner 6416₄, composition ⿰𧾷著)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1234, character 41
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37925
Dae Jaweon: page 1707, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3732, character 14
Unihan data for U+8E87

Chinese edit

trad.		躇
simp. ^#		躇
alternative forms		䠧

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (者) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
觰	rtaːʔ, rtaː
諸	tjaː, tja
者	*tjaːʔ
堵	tjaːʔ, taːʔ
赭	*tjaːʔ
撦	*l̥ʰjaːʔ
扯	*tʰjaːʔ
闍	djaː, taː
奢	*hljaː
鍺	*toːlʔ
都	*taː
醏	*taː
覩	*taːʔ
睹	*taːʔ
暏	*taːʔ
賭	*taːʔ
帾	*taːʔ
楮	taːʔ, tʰaʔ
屠	daː, da
瘏	*daː
廜	*daː
鷵	*daː
緒	*ljaʔ
豬	*ta
猪	*ta
瀦	*ta
藸	ta, da
櫫	*ta
褚	taʔ, tʰaʔ
著	taʔ, tas, da, taɡ, *daɡ
箸	tas, das
儲	*da
躇	*da
櫧	*tja
藷	tja, djas
蠩	*tja
煮	*tjaʔ
渚	*tjaʔ
煑	*tjaʔ
陼	*tjaʔ
翥	*tjas
署	*djas
薯	*djas
曙	*djas
書	*hlja
暑	*hjaʔ
鐯	*taɡ
擆	*taɡ
櫡	*taɡ

Pronunciation 1 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chú (chu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˊ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tîr / tû / tî / thû

(Teochew, Peng'im): tu⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chú
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chú
  - Wade–Giles: chʻu²
  - Yale: chú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwu
  - Palladius: чу (ču)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tîr
  - Tâi-lô: tîr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɯ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tû
  - Tâi-lô: tû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: duu
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tu²³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /tu²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tu¹³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tî
  - Tâi-lô: tî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dii
  - IPA (Taipei): /ti²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ti²³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thû
  - Tâi-lô: thû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tuu
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰu²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: drjo

Rime
Character	躇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直魚切
Baxter	drjo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨʌ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɔ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɔ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨə̆/
Li Rong	/ȡiɔ/
Wang Li	/ȡĭo/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯wo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cyu⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*da/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	躇
Reading #	1/1
No.	16997
Phonetic component	者
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	除
Old Chinese	/*da/

Definitions edit

躇

Compounds edit

Pronunciation 2 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chuò (chuo⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄛˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chuò
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chuò
  - Wade–Giles: chʻo⁴
  - Yale: chwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuoh
  - Palladius: чо (čo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰrak/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	躇
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chuò
Middle Chinese	‹ trhjak ›
Old Chinese	/*tʰrak/
English	jump over, pass over
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions edit

躇

to overstep; to pass over; to advance out of turn

Pronunciation 3 edit

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thu̍h

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thu̍h
  - Tâi-lô: thu̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tuh
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰuʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰuʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰuʔ²⁴/

Definitions edit

躇

(Hokkien) impractical and stupid (often reduplicated)
(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to move slowly; to dawdle; to dillydally

References edit

“躇”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

躇

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Go-on: ちゃく (chaku)
Kan-on: ちょ (cho)
Kun: ためらう (tamerau, 躇う)^{←ためらふ (tamerafu, 躇ふ, historical)}

Compounds edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

躇 • (jeo, chak) (hangeul 저, 착, revised jeo, chak, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, ch'ak, Yale ce, chak)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

躇: Hán Nôm readings: chứa

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.