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書

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

書 (radical 73 曰+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 中土日 (LGA), four-corner 50601, composition ⿳𦘒一曰)

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

trad. 書
simp. 书
alt. forms 𦘠 (original form in Shuowen)

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 書
Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
     
Characters in the same phonetic series (者) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
觰 rtaːʔ, *rtaː
諸 tjaː, *tja
者 tjaːʔ
堵 tjaːʔ, *taːʔ
赭 tjaːʔ
撦 l̥ʰjaːʔ
扯 tʰjaːʔ
闍 djaː, *taː
奢 hljaː
鍺 toːlʔ
都 taː
醏 taː
覩 taːʔ
睹 taːʔ
暏 taːʔ
賭 taːʔ
帾 taːʔ
楮 taːʔ, *tʰaʔ
屠 daː, *da
瘏 daː
廜 daː
鷵 daː
緒 ljaʔ
豬 ta
猪 ta
瀦 ta
藸 ta, *da
櫫 ta
褚 taʔ, *tʰaʔ
著 taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ
箸 tas, *das
儲 da
躇 da
櫧 tja
藷 tja, *djas
蠩 tja
煮 tjaʔ
渚 tjaʔ
煑 tjaʔ
陼 tjaʔ
翥 tjas
署 djas
薯 djas
曙 djas
書 hlja
暑 hjaʔ
鐯 taɡ
擆 taɡ
櫡 taɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hlja): semantic 聿 (“writing brush”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • chu/chir - vernacular;
  • su/sir/si - literary.
Rime
Character 書
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 傷魚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕɨə̆/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiɔ/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɕi̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shū
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 書
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ syo ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s-ta/
English write

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 書
Reading # 1/1
No. 17013
Phonetic
component		 者
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 書
Old
Chinese		 /*hlja/

DefinitionsEdit

書

  1. book; codex (Classifier: 本; 冊／册; 部)
  2. collection of bamboo or wooden slips, the traditional form of records in China
  3. letter; document (Classifier: 封; 份)
  4. form of a written or printed Chinese character; style of calligraphy; script; font
  5. Chinese character
  6. the art of calligraphy
  7. (historical) ancient government post in charge of secretarial duties
  8. (historical) imperial edict
  9. storytelling
  10. † to write
  11. Short for 書經／书经 (Shūjīng, “the Classic of History”).

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 書

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

書

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
書
しょ
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 書 (syo, “writing”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

書 (hiragana しょ, rōmaji sho)

  1. document

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
書
ふみ
Grade: 2
Irregular

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

書 (hiragana ふみ, rōmaji fumi)

  1. letter

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

書 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune-Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

CompoundsEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

書 (thư)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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