Wiktionary

書

See also: 书, 畫, and 晝
書.svg
書 U+66F8, 書
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66F8
← 曷
[U+66F7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 曹 →
[U+66F9]
書 U+2F8CC, 書
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8CC
← 旣
[U+2F8CB] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 晉 →
[U+2F8CD]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

書 (radical 73, 曰+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 中土日 (LGA), four-corner 50601, composition ⿳𦘒一曰)

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

trad. 書
simp. 书
alternative forms 𦘠
 
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 書 (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • 書 (Cantonese)
  • 書 (Classical)
  • 書 (Gan)
 
書

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 書
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
     
Characters in the same phonetic series (者) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
觰 *rtaːʔ, *rtaː
諸 *tjaː, *tja
者 *tjaːʔ
堵 *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ
赭 *tjaːʔ
撦 *l̥ʰjaːʔ
扯 *tʰjaːʔ
闍 *djaː, *taː
奢 *hljaː
鍺 *toːlʔ
都 *taː
醏 *taː
覩 *taːʔ
睹 *taːʔ
暏 *taːʔ
賭 *taːʔ
帾 *taːʔ
楮 *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ
屠 *daː, *da
瘏 *daː
廜 *daː
鷵 *daː
緒 *ljaʔ
豬 *ta
猪 *ta
瀦 *ta
藸 *ta, *da
櫫 *ta
褚 *taʔ, *tʰaʔ
著 *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ
箸 *tas, *das
儲 *da
躇 *da
櫧 *tja
藷 *tja, *djas
蠩 *tja
煮 *tjaʔ
渚 *tjaʔ
煑 *tjaʔ
陼 *tjaʔ
翥 *tjas
署 *djas
薯 *djas
曙 *djas
書 *hlja
暑 *hjaʔ
鐯 *taɡ
擆 *taɡ
櫡 *taɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hlja): semantic 聿 (“writing brush”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • chu/chir - vernacular;
  • su/sir/si - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    Rime
    Character 書
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 書 (26)
    Final (韻) 魚 (22)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 傷魚切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɕɨʌ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɕiɔ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɕiɔ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɕɨə̆/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɕiɔ/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɕĭo/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɕi̯wo/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shū
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 書
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shū
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ syo ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*s-ta/
    English write

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 書
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 17013
    Phonetic
    component         		者
    Rime
    group         		魚
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		書
    Old
    Chinese         		/*hlja/

    DefinitionsEdit

    書

    1. book; codex (Classifier: 本; 冊／册; 部)
    2. collection of bamboo or wooden slips, the traditional form of records in China
    3. letter; document (Classifier: 封; 份)
    4. form of a written or printed Chinese character; style of calligraphy; script; font
    5. Chinese character
    6. the art of calligraphy
    7. (historical) ancient government post in charge of secretarial duties
    8. (historical) imperial edict
    9. storytelling
    10. † to write
    11. Short for 書經／书经 (shūjīng, “the Classic of History”).

    SynonymsEdit

    Dialectal synonyms of 書 (“book”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 書, 書本 collective, 書籍 collective, 書冊
    Mandarin Beijing 書
    Taiwan 書
    Jinan 書
    Muping 書
    Luoyang 書
    Wanrong 書
    Xi'an 書
    Xining 書
    Xuzhou 書
    Yinchuan 書
    Lanzhou 書
    Ürümqi 書
    Wuhan 書
    Chengdu 書, 書些 collective
    Guiyang 書
    Liuzhou 書
    Yangzhou 書
    Nanjing 書
    Hefei 書
    Malaysia 書
    Singapore 書
    Cantonese Guangzhou 書
    Hong Kong 書
    Macau 書
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 書
    Taishan 書
    Dongguan 書
    Yangjiang 書
    Danzhou 書
    Kuala Lumpur 書
    Singapore 書
    Gan Nanchang 書
    Lichuan 書
    Pingxiang 書
    Hakka Meixian 書
    Yudu 書
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 書
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 書
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 書
    Dongshi (Dabu) 書
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 書
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 書
    Huizhou Jixi 書
    Jin Taiyuan 書
    Xinzhou 書
    Min Bei Jian'ou 書
    Songxi 書
    Jianyang 書
    Min Dong Fuzhou 書
    Gutian 書
    Ningde 書
    Zhouning 書
    Fuding 書冊
    Min Nan Xiamen 冊, 書冊
    Quanzhou 冊, 書, 書冊
    Yongchun 冊, 書
    Zhangzhou 冊
    Taipei 書
    Kaohsiung 冊
    Tainan 冊
    Taichung 冊
    Hsinchu 書
    Lukang 書
    Sanxia 書
    Yilan 冊
    Kinmen 書
    Magong 書
    Penang (Hokkien) 冊
    Singapore (Hokkien) 冊
    Philippines (Manila Hokkien) 冊
    Longyan 書冊
    Zhangping 冊
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 冊
    Datian 書
    Chaozhou 書
    Shantou 書
    Haifeng 冊
    Singapore (Teochew) 書, 冊
    Wenchang 冊
    Haikou 冊
    Leizhou 冊
    Puxian Min Putian 冊
    Min Zhong Yong'an 書
    Shaxian 書
    Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 書
    Wu Shanghai 書
    Suzhou 書
    Hangzhou 書
    Wenzhou 書
    Chongming 書
    Danyang 書
    Jinhua 書
    Ningbo 書
    Xiang Changsha 書
    Shuangfeng 書
    Loudi 書
    • (letter):
    Synonyms of 書

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 書

    DescendantsEdit

    Sino-Xenic (書):
    • → Japanese: 書(しょ) (sho)
    • → Korean: 서 (書, seo)
    • → Vietnamese: thư (書)

    Further readingEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    書

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term
    書
    しょ
    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 書 (syo, “writing”).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    書(しょ) • (sho) 

    1. document

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    書
    ふみ
    Grade: 2
    Irregular

    PronunciationEdit

    Alternative formsEdit

    NounEdit

    書(ふみ) • (fumi) 

    1. letter

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    書 (eumhun 글 서 (geul seo))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    CompoundsEdit

    OkinawanEdit

    KanjiEdit

    書

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    書 (thư)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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