Appendix:Hadza word list
The following word list of Hadza is from Kirk Miller (2019):[1]
List edit
Wichmann & Holman basic 40-word list (also known as the ASJP word list), ordered by stability for Hadza roots:
| English gloss | Hadza |
|---|---|
| louse | ccamazzi /ⁿǀˀamat͜sʼi/[2] |
| two | piye /pie/, konxa /koⁿǁa/ (verb) |
| water | ati /ʔati/ (mpl; msg = 'rain, river') |
| ear | hajjapitchi /ɦat͜ʃ’apit͜ʃʰi/[3] |
| to die | taxxi /taⁿǁˀi/, misi /misi/ (Datooga?) |
| I | *one /ʔone/, */-ko/[4] |
| liver | xxe /ⁿǁˀe/ |
| eye | akhwa /ʔakʷʰa/ |
| hand, arm | ukhwa /ʔukʷʰa/ |
| hear | nxaʼe /ⁿǁaʔe/ |
| tree | zziti /t͜s’iti/ |
| fish | ccama /ⁿǀˀama/, ccara /ⁿǀˀaɺa/ |
| name | akhana /ʔakʰana/ |
| stone | haqqa /ɦaⁿǃˀa/ |
| tooth | aha /ʔaɦa/ |
| breast | iriba /ʔiɺiba/ ('breasts, milk'. Cushitic); ggazza /k͜x’at͜s’a/ ('flesh at sternum') |
| thou | the /tʰe/, /-en-/ (m), /-n-/ (f) |
| path | yeke /jeke/ |
| bone | midla /mic͜ʎ̥˔’a/ (cf. Dahalo) |
| tongue | ncata /ⁿǀata/ |
| skin | ahu /ʔaɦu/ |
| night | zzifi /t͜s’ifi/ (m; f = 'day') |
| leaf | hazzape /ɦat͜s’ape/ |
| rain | = 'water' (msg = 'rain, river'; mpl = 'water') |
| kill | xô /ǁoː/ |
| blood | athama /ʔatʰama/ |
| horn | roo /ɺoʔo/ |
| person | haza /ɦad͜za/ (human), unu /ʔunu/ (person) |
| knee | guringuri /ɡuɺiƞɡuɺi/ ~ gurunguri /ɡuɺuƞɡuɺi/ (Cushitic? pan-African) |
| one | itchâme /ʔit͜ʃʰaːme/ |
| nose | intawe /ʔiƞtʰawe/ |
| full | ggaʼe /k͜x’aʔe/, *cco- /ⁿǀˀo-/ |
| come | za /d͜za/ (Bantu), botco /bot͜ʃo/ (stem of imperative) |
| star | ntsa /ƞt͜sʰa/, sa /sa/ (Cushitic?)[5] |
| mountain | xxudle /ⁿǁˀuc͜ʎ̥˔’e/ |
| fire | zzoko /t͜s’oko/ |
| we (exclusive) | ô /ʔoː/, /-j-/ |
| to drink | fa /fʷa/ |
| to see | chî /ǀʰiː/ ~ cî /ǀiː/ |
| bark | heggwa /ɦek͜xʷ’a/ |
| new | zana /d͜zana/[6] |
| dog | xhaano /ǁʰaʔano/, tîngi /tiːƞki/ |
| sun | isho /ʔiʃo/ |
Notes and references edit
- ^ Miller, Kirk. 2019. Hadza. Glottopedia.
- ^ cf. ccezze /ⁿǀˀet͜s’e/ 'tick'
- ^ from hazzape /ɦat͜s’ape/ 'leaf'?
- ^ If *-ko-a > /-kʷa/ rather than *-kʷa-ʔV > /-koʔo/.
- ^ Anyawire et al. (2013) only found ntsa. Tucker et al. (1977) report sa 'star', and Woodburn confirms the form he knows does not have a nasal onset. /ƞ/ + /sa/ would generate /ƞt͜sʰa/. Indeed, speakers do not care if the latter is written ntsa or nsa. There are several Cushitic loanwords that have an onset that varies as C ~ NC in Hadza where the source language is only reconstructed with C.
- ^ from za 'come'?
External links edit
- Hadza basic vocabulary at the Global Lexicostatistical Database