bí
GokanaEdit
NounEdit
bí
ReferencesEdit
- R. Blench, Comparative Ogonic
IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish bí, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”).
The present indicative independent affirmative analytic form is from Old Irish at·tá, from Proto-Celtic *ad-tāyeti (compare Welsh taw (“there is”)), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“stand”).
VerbEdit
bí (present analytic tá, future analytic beidh, verbal noun bheith)
Usage notesEdit
- Only used with adjective or prepositional phrases as the predicate, never with noun phrases, for which the copular particle is is used instead.
ConjugationEdit
Although the present dependent is generally used instead, the present independent affirmative is immune to lenition in most dialects and never would be subject to eclipsis.
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | pres.indep.aff. | táim; tá mé |
tá tú; táir†; taoi†; tánn tú† |
tá sé, sí; tánn sé, sí† |
táimid; tá muid |
tá sibh; táthaoi; tánn sibh† |
tá siad; táid; tádar; tánn siad† |
atá; atáim (1st sg.); atáir, ataoi (2nd sg.); atáimid (1st pl.); atáthaoi (2nd pl.); atáid (3rd pl.); atáthar (autonomous) |
táthar |
pres.dep. | fuilim; fuil mé |
fuil tú; fuilir† |
fuil sé, sí | fuilimid; fuil muid |
fuil sibh | fuil siad; fuilid |
a bhfuil* | fuiltear | |
pres.neg.‡ | nílim; níl mé |
níl tú; nílir† |
níl sé, sí | nílimid; níl muid |
níl sibh | níl siad; nílid |
nach bhfuil | níltear | |
pres.hab. | bím | bíonn tú; bír† |
bíonn sé, sí; bí sé, sí |
bímid; bíonn muid |
bíonn sibh | bíonn siad; bíd† |
a bhíonn; a bhíonns†; a bhíos† / a mbíonn*; a mbíonns*†; a mbíos*† |
bítear | |
past hab. | bhínn / mbínn‡‡ | bhíteá / mbíteᇇ | bhíodh sé, sí / mbíodh sé, s퇇 | bhímis; bhíodh muid / mbímis‡‡; mbíodh muid‡‡ |
bhíodh sibh / mbíodh sibh‡‡ | bhídís; bhíodh siad / mbídís‡‡; mbíodh siad‡‡ |
a bhíodh / a mbíodh* |
bhítí / mbít퇇 | |
past ind. | bhí mé; bhíos |
bhí tú; bhís |
bhí sé, sí | bhíomar; bhí muid |
bhí sibh; bhíobhair |
bhí siad; bhíodar |
a bhí | bhíothas | |
past dep. | raibh mé; rabhas |
raibh tú; rabhais |
raibh sé, sí | rabhamar; raibh muid |
raibh sibh; rabhabhair |
raibh siad; rabhadar |
a raibh* | rabhthas | |
future | beidh mé; bead |
beidh tú; beir† |
beidh sé, sí | beimid; beidh muid |
beidh sibh | beidh siad; beid† |
a bheidh; a bheas† / a mbeidh; a mbeas† |
beifear | |
conditional | bheinn / mbeinn‡‡ | bheifeá / mbeifeᇇ | bheadh sé, sí / mbeadh sé, s퇇 | bheimis; bheadh muid / mbeimis‡‡; mbeadh muid‡‡ |
bheadh sibh / mbeadh sibh‡‡ | bheidís; bheadh siad / mbeidís‡‡; mbeadh siad‡‡ |
a bheadh / a mbeadh* |
bheifí / mbeif퇇 | |
subjunctive | present | go raibh mé; go rabhad† |
go raibh tú; go rabhair† |
go raibh sé, sí | go rabhaimid; go raibh muid |
go raibh sibh | go raibh siad; go rabhaid† |
— | go rabhthar |
past | dá mbeinn | dá mbeifeá | dá mbeadh sé, sí | dá mbeimis; beadh muid |
dá mbeadh sibh | dá mbeidís; beadh siad |
— | dá mbeifí | |
imperative | bím | bí | bíodh sé, sí | bímis | bígí; bídh† |
bídís | — | bítear | |
verbal noun | bheith |
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡ Quasi-independent; formed from a contraction of ní and the appropriate form of fhuil
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Derived termsEdit
- bí ann (“exist”, verb, literally “be there”)
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
bí f (genitive singular bí)
DeclensionEdit
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Etymology 3Edit
Inflected forms.
AdjectiveEdit
bí
NounEdit
bí m sg
MutationEdit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bí | bhí | mbí |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further readingEdit
- "bí" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “attá”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 bí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “bí” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “bí” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
MandarinEdit
RomanizationEdit
bí (Zhuyin ㄅㄧˊ)
- Pinyin transcription of 荸
- Pinyin transcription of 襣
- Pinyin transcription of 魮
- Pinyin transcription of 鼻
Min NanEdit
For pronunciation and definitions of bí – see 米 (“hulled or husked uncooked rice; husked seed; etc.”). (This character, bí, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 米.) |
For pronunciation and definitions of bí – see 美 (“beautiful; pretty; attractive; good-looking; delicious; tasty; flavoursome; etc.”). (This character, bí, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 美.) |
Edit
PronounEdit
bí
- third person singular and dual pronoun: he, she, it; they two
- third person singular and dual possessive pronoun: his, hers, its; theirs (for two people)
- 1995, Goossen, Irvy, Diné Bizaad: Speak, Read, Write Navajo, Salina Bookshelf, →ISBN, page 73:
- Łį́į́łgaii éí shicheii bí.
- The white horse is my grandfather's.
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
Old IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Inflected forms of at·tá, derived from Proto-Celtic *buyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-.
Alternative formsEdit
VerbEdit
·bí
bí
DescendantsEdit
The following forms are descended from the imperative:
Etymology 2Edit
See the etymology of the main entry.
VerbEdit
bí
·bí
Etymology 3Edit
See the etymology of the main entry.
AdjectiveEdit
bí
- inflection of béo:
MutationEdit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
bí | bí pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mbí |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
VietnameseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Vietic *k-biːrʔ ~ *k-piːrʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cpiir (“pumpkin”); cognate with Muong pỉl, proto-Monic *cmpiir (modern Mon သ္ပဳ (həpɔe, “pumpkin”)), Riang sᵊpir¹.
Alternative formsEdit
- (Nghệ An, Hà Tĩnh) bín
NounEdit
(classifier cây, trái, quả) bí • (𦷬)
- pumpkin
- other plants in the Cucurbitaceae family
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Sino-Vietnamese word from 秘.
AdjectiveEdit
bí
- (only in compounds) mysterious, secret, unknown
Derived termsEdit
VerbEdit
bí