Wiktionary

breken

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch brēken, from Old Dutch *brecan, from Proto-West Germanic *brekan, from Proto-Germanic *brekaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbreːkə(n)/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: bre‧ken
  • Rhymes: -eːkən

Verb

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breken

  1. (ergative) to break

Conjugation

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Conjugation of breken (strong class 4)
infinitive breken
past singular brak
past participle gebroken
infinitive breken
gerund breken n
present tense past tense
1st person singular breek brak
2nd person sing. (jij) breekt, breek2 brak
2nd person sing. (u) breekt brak
2nd person sing. (gij) breekt braakt
3rd person singular breekt brak
plural breken braken
subjunctive sing.1 breke brake
subjunctive plur.1 breken braken
imperative sing. breek
imperative plur.1 breekt
participles brekend gebroken
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

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adjectives
nouns
phrases
verbs
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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: breek
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: breke
  • Negerhollands: breek

Anagrams

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Low German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Low German brēken, from Old Saxon brekan, from Proto-West Germanic *brekan, from Proto-Germanic *brekaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-. Cognate to Plautdietsch bräken, English break, West Frisian brekke, Danish brække, High German brechen, Dutch breken.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbreːkən/, [breːkⁿŋ̩]

Verb

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breken (third-person singular simple present brickt, past tense brook, past participle broken, auxiliary verb hebben)

  1. to break

Conjugation

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Conjugation of breken (class 4 strong verb)
infinitive breken
present preterite
1st person singular breek brook
2nd person singular bricks(t) brooks(t)
3rd person singular brick(t) brook
plural breekt, breeken broken
imperative
singular breek
plural breekt
present past
participle breken (e)broken, gebroken

Note: This conjugation is one of many.
Neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch *brecan, from Proto-West Germanic *brekan, from Proto-Germanic *brekaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-.

Verb

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brēken

  1. to break, to break into pieces
  2. to break, to be broken
  3. to destroy
  4. to break in
  5. to end, to diminish, to weaken
  6. to break, to overcome resistance, to subdue

Inflection

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Conjugation of brēken (strong class 4)
infinitive base form brēken
genitive brēkens
dative brēkene
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular brēke brac brēke brâke
2nd person singular brēecs, brēkes brâecs, brâkes brēecs, brēkes brâkes
3rd person singular brēect, brēket brac brēke brâke
1st person plural brēken brâken brēken brâken
2nd person plural brēect, brēket brâect, brâket brēect, brēket brâket
3rd person plural brēken brâken brēken brâken
imperative
singular brec, brēec, brēke
plural brēect, brēket
present past
participle brēkende gebroken

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English brecan, from Proto-West Germanic *brekan, from Proto-Germanic *brekaną. Doublet of brayen (“to break up”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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breken

  1. to break

Conjugation

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Conjugation of breken (strong class 4)
infinitive (to) breken, breke
present tense past tense
1st-person singular breke brak, brek
2nd-person singular brekest breke, brake, brak, brek
3rd-person singular breketh brak, brek
subjunctive singular breke breke1, brake1
imperative singular —
plural2 breken, breke breken, breke, braken, brake
imperative plural breketh, breke —
participles brekynge, brekende broken, broke, ybroken, ybroke

1 Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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