dhukuru

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-dhukuru (infinitive kudhukuru)

1. to remember, understand
2. to consider
3. (Islam) to praise God; to recite a dhikr

   Synonym: -dhikiri

Conjugation

Conjugation of -dhukuru
Positive present -nadhukuru Subjunctive -dhukuru Negative -dhukuru Imperative singular dhukuru
Infinitives
Positive kudhukuru Negative kutodhukuru
Imperatives
Singular dhukuru Plural dhukuruni
Tensed forms
Habitual hudhukuru Positive past positive subject concord + -lidhukuru Negative past negative subject concord + -kudhukuru
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadhukuru) Singular Plural 1st person ninadhukuru/nadhukuru tunadhukuru 2nd person unadhukuru mnadhukuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anadhukuru wanadhukuru other classes positive subject concord + -nadhukuru
Negative present (negative subject concord + -dhukuru) Singular Plural 1st person sidhukuru hatudhukuru 2nd person hudhukuru hamdhukuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hadhukuru hawadhukuru other classes negative subject concord + -dhukuru
Positive future positive subject concord + -tadhukuru Negative future negative subject concord + -tadhukuru
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dhukuru) Singular Plural 1st person nidhukuru tudhukuru 2nd person udhukuru mdhukuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhukuru wadhukuru other classes positive subject concord + -dhukuru
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sidhukuru Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngedhukuru Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singedhukuru Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalidhukuru Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalidhukuru
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adhukuru) Singular Plural 1st person nadhukuru twadhukuru 2nd person wadhukuru mwadhukuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhukuru wadhukuru m-mi(III/IV) wadhukuru yadhukuru ji-ma(V/VI) ladhukuru yadhukuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) chadhukuru vyadhukuru n(IX/X) yadhukuru zadhukuru u(XI) wadhukuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwadhukuru pa(XVI) padhukuru mu(XVIII) mwadhukuru
Perfect positive subject concord + -medhukuru "Already" positive subject concord + -meshadhukuru "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jadhukuru "If/When" positive subject concord + -kidhukuru "If not" positive subject concord + -sipodhukuru Consecutive kadhukuru / positive subject concord + -kadhukuru Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kadhukuru
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nidhukuru -tudhukuru 2nd person -kudhukuru -wadhukuru/-kudhukuruni/-wadhukuruni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mdhukuru -wadhukuru m-mi(III/IV) -udhukuru -idhukuru ji-ma(V/VI) -lidhukuru -yadhukuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kidhukuru -vidhukuru n(IX/X) -idhukuru -zidhukuru u(XI) -udhukuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kudhukuru pa(XVI) -padhukuru mu(XVIII) -mudhukuru Reflexive -jidhukuru
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dhukuru- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -dhukuruye -dhukuruo m-mi(III/IV) -dhukuruo -dhukuruyo ji-ma(V/VI) -dhukurulo -dhukuruyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -dhukurucho -dhukuruvyo n(IX/X) -dhukuruyo -dhukuruzo u(XI) -dhukuruo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -dhukuruko pa(XVI) -dhukurupo mu(XVIII) -dhukurumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dhukuru) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yedhukuru -odhukuru m-mi(III/IV) -odhukuru -yodhukuru ji-ma(V/VI) -lodhukuru -yodhukuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chodhukuru -vyodhukuru n(IX/X) -yodhukuru -zodhukuru u(XI) -odhukuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kodhukuru pa(XVI) -podhukuru mu(XVIII) -modhukuru
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -dhukuria
  • Causative: -dhukurisha
  • Stative: -dhukurika