preto
GalicianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Back-formation from apretar (“tighten, push, squeeze, compress”). The semantic evolution to "dark" comes through the sense of "tight" or "thick".[1] Another common, but less likely, etymology suggested is Vulgar Latin *prettus, from Latin pressus. Compare Portuguese preto, Asturian prietu, Spanish prieto.
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
preto
- near, nearby
- 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Madrid: C. S. I. C., page 98:
- Et quando o diserõ a Calrros, volueuse a França et a grã presa enviou a todo los seus a longe et a preto que viesen a el.
- And when Charlemagne was told this, he returned to France and in great hurry he sent for all his, far and near, to come to him
- Et quando o diserõ a Calrros, volueuse a França et a grã presa enviou a todo los seus a longe et a preto que viesen a el.
- Antonym: lonxe
- 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Madrid: C. S. I. C., page 98:
Derived termsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
preto m (feminine singular preta, masculine plural pretos, feminine plural pretas)
- dark, swarthy, black
- 1842, Juan Manuel Pintos, Meu Querido Pai:
- Ali venden millo
- Trigo è mais centeo
- Fabas è castañas
- Roupa è trapos vellos;
- Tamen venden louza
- De côr branco e prêto,
- Hai tendas do chan
- E tamen cubertos
- Con cousas do uso
- Todas a bon prezo
- There they sell corn
- wheat and also rye
- beans and chestnuts
- clothes and old rags
- also they sell dishware
- of colour white and black,
- there they sell on the ground
- and also under cover
- with handy things
- all at a good price
- 1842, Juan Manuel Pintos, Meu Querido Pai:
ReferencesEdit
- “preto” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “preto” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “preto” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “preto” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “preto” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “prieto”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos.
LadinoEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Portuguese preto.
AdjectiveEdit
preto (Latin spelling)
Old Galician-PortugueseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From earlier *apreto, from apretar, from Late Latin appectorāre, from Latin pectus (“chest”).
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
preto m (plural pretos, feminine preta, feminine plural pretas)
DescendantsEdit
AdverbEdit
preto
- near
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 325 (facsimile):
- […] que pã nõ comeu nẽ bocado nen beueu agua nẽ uỹo ata que preto de Silve foi quando aluzeçia.
- […] that she didn’t eat bread nor morsel, neither drank water nor wine until she was near Silves during sunrise.
- […] que pã nõ comeu nẽ bocado nen beueu agua nẽ uỹo ata que preto de Silve foi quando aluzeçia.
DescendantsEdit
See alsoEdit
branco, blanco, alvo | gris | negro, preto |
vermello | castanho | amarelo |
verde | ||
azur | ||
cardẽo | rosa |
PortugueseEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- prêto (obsolete)
EtymologyEdit
From Old Galician-Portuguese preto (“black, near”), from earlier *apreto, from apretar (Modern Portuguese apertar (“tighten, press, clamp”)), from Late Latin appectorāre, from Latin pectus (“chest”). The semantic evolution to "black" or "dark" comes through the sense of "dense" or "thick". See also the related perto. Another common, but less likely, etymology suggested is a Vulgar Latin *prettus, from pressus[1].
Compare Asturian and Leonese prietu, Ladino preto, and Spanish prieto.
PronunciationEdit
- Hyphenation: pre‧to
AdjectiveEdit
preto (feminine preta, masculine plural pretos, feminine plural pretas)
- black; black in colour
- Synonym: (somewhat formal) negro
- Tecido preto esquenta mais rápido.
- Black cloth heats up more quickly
- (Brazil, idiomatic, of situations) bad; very adverse
- (of a person) black (dark-skinned)
- Synonym: negro
- Uma mulher preta passou por aqui.
- A black woman was here.
- (loosely) being the darkest of its kind
- pão preto ― rye bread
- peças pretas de xadrez ― black chess pieces
- nuvem preta ― black cloud
Derived termsEdit
NounEdit
preto m (plural pretos, feminine preta, feminine plural pretas)
- the color black
- O preto é a mais escura das cores.
- Black is the darkest colour.
- a black person
- Uma preta passou por aqui.
- A black woman was here.
- black clothing
- Pessoas em luto se vestem de preto.
- Mourners dress in black.
SynonymsEdit
- (the colour black): negro
- (black man): negro, macaco (Brazil, pejorative), tição (Brazil, pejorative)
- (black clothing): negro
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Angolar: peetu
- Guinea-Bissau Creole: pretu
- Indo-Portuguese: prato
- Kabuverdianu: prétu
- Korlai Creole Portuguese: pret
- Kristang: pretu
- → Ladino: preto
- Papiamentu: pretu
- Principense: peetu
- Sãotomense: pletu
See alsoEdit
branco, alvo, cândido | cinza, gris, cinzento |
preto, negro, atro |
vermelho, encarnado, rubro, salmão; carmim |
laranja, cor-de-laranja; castanho, marrom |
amarelo, lúteo; creme, ocre |
verde-limão | verde, verde claro | |
ciano, turquesa; azul-petróleo |
azul céu, azul-celeste |
azul,índigo, anil |
violeta, lilás |
magenta; roxo, púrpura | rosa, cor-de-rosa, rosa-choque |
ReferencesEdit
SlovakEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
preto
ReferencesEdit
- preto in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk