Swahili edit

Pronunciation edit

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Verb edit

-shangaza (infinitive kushangaza)

  1. Causative form of -shangaa: to amaze, to astonish, to surprise

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of -shangaza
Positive present -nashangaza
Subjunctive -shangaze
Negative -shangazi
Imperative singular shangaza
Infinitives
Positive kushangaza
Negative kutoshangaza
Imperatives
Singular shangaza
Plural shangazeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hushangaza
Positive past positive subject concord + -lishangaza
Negative past negative subject concord + -kushangaza
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashangaza)
Singular Plural
1st person ninashangaza/nashangaza tunashangaza
2nd person unashangaza mnashangaza
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anashangaza wanashangaza
other classes positive subject concord + -nashangaza
Negative present (negative subject concord + -shangazi)
Singular Plural
1st person sishangazi hatushangazi
2nd person hushangazi hamshangazi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hashangazi hawashangazi
other classes negative subject concord + -shangazi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tashangaza
Negative future negative subject concord + -tashangaza
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shangaze)
Singular Plural
1st person nishangaze tushangaze
2nd person ushangaze mshangaze
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashangaze washangaze
other classes positive subject concord + -shangaze
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sishangaze
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeshangaza
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeshangaza
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalishangaza
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalishangaza
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashangaza)
Singular Plural
1st person nashangaza twashangaza
2nd person washangaza mwashangaza
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashangaza washangaza
m-mi(III/IV) washangaza yashangaza
ji-ma(V/VI) lashangaza yashangaza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chashangaza vyashangaza
n(IX/X) yashangaza zashangaza
u(XI) washangaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwashangaza
pa(XVI) pashangaza
mu(XVIII) mwashangaza
Perfect positive subject concord + -meshangaza
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshashangaza
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jashangaza
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kishangaza
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposhangaza
Consecutive kashangaza / positive subject concord + -kashangaza
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kashangaze
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nishangaza -tushangaza
2nd person -kushangaza -washangaza/-kushangazeni/-washangazeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mshangaza -washangaza
m-mi(III/IV) -ushangaza -ishangaza
ji-ma(V/VI) -lishangaza -yashangaza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kishangaza -vishangaza
n(IX/X) -ishangaza -zishangaza
u(XI) -ushangaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kushangaza
pa(XVI) -pashangaza
mu(XVIII) -mushangaza
Reflexive -jishangaza
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shangaza- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -shangazaye -shangazao
m-mi(III/IV) -shangazao -shangazayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -shangazalo -shangazayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -shangazacho -shangazavyo
n(IX/X) -shangazayo -shangazazo
u(XI) -shangazao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -shangazako
pa(XVI) -shangazapo
mu(XVIII) -shangazamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shangaza)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeshangaza -oshangaza
m-mi(III/IV) -oshangaza -yoshangaza
ji-ma(V/VI) -loshangaza -yoshangaza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choshangaza -vyoshangaza
n(IX/X) -yoshangaza -zoshangaza
u(XI) -oshangaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -koshangaza
pa(XVI) -poshangaza
mu(XVIII) -moshangaza
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.