Swahili

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Etymology

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From suhuba (friendship) +‎ -ana (reciprocal suffix).

Verb

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-suhubiana (infinitive kusuhubiana)

  1. Reciprocal form of suhuba: to befriend one another

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -suhubiana
Positive present -nasuhubiana
Subjunctive -suhubiane
Negative -suhubiani
Imperative singular suhubiana
Infinitives
Positive kusuhubiana
Negative kutosuhubiana
Imperatives
Singular suhubiana
Plural suhubianeni
Tensed forms
Habitual husuhubiana
Positive past positive subject concord + -lisuhubiana
Negative past negative subject concord + -kusuhubiana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasuhubiana)
Singular Plural
1st person ninasuhubiana/nasuhubiana tunasuhubiana
2nd person unasuhubiana mnasuhubiana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anasuhubiana wanasuhubiana
other classes positive subject concord + -nasuhubiana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -suhubiani)
Singular Plural
1st person sisuhubiani hatusuhubiani
2nd person husuhubiani hamsuhubiani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hasuhubiani hawasuhubiani
other classes negative subject concord + -suhubiani
Positive future positive subject concord + -tasuhubiana
Negative future negative subject concord + -tasuhubiana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -suhubiane)
Singular Plural
1st person nisuhubiane tusuhubiane
2nd person usuhubiane msuhubiane
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asuhubiane wasuhubiane
other classes positive subject concord + -suhubiane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sisuhubiane
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngesuhubiana
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singesuhubiana
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalisuhubiana
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalisuhubiana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asuhubiana)
Singular Plural
1st person nasuhubiana twasuhubiana
2nd person wasuhubiana mwasuhubiana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asuhubiana wasuhubiana
m-mi(III/IV) wasuhubiana yasuhubiana
ji-ma(V/VI) lasuhubiana yasuhubiana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chasuhubiana vyasuhubiana
n(IX/X) yasuhubiana zasuhubiana
u(XI) wasuhubiana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwasuhubiana
pa(XVI) pasuhubiana
mu(XVIII) mwasuhubiana
Perfect positive subject concord + -mesuhubiana
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshasuhubiana
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jasuhubiana
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kisuhubiana
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposuhubiana
Consecutive kasuhubiana / positive subject concord + -kasuhubiana
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kasuhubiane
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nisuhubiana -tusuhubiana
2nd person -kusuhubiana -wasuhubiana/-kusuhubianeni/-wasuhubianeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -msuhubiana -wasuhubiana
m-mi(III/IV) -usuhubiana -isuhubiana
ji-ma(V/VI) -lisuhubiana -yasuhubiana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kisuhubiana -visuhubiana
n(IX/X) -isuhubiana -zisuhubiana
u(XI) -usuhubiana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kusuhubiana
pa(XVI) -pasuhubiana
mu(XVIII) -musuhubiana
Reflexive -jisuhubiana
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -suhubiana- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -suhubianaye -suhubianao
m-mi(III/IV) -suhubianao -suhubianayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -suhubianalo -suhubianayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -suhubianacho -suhubianavyo
n(IX/X) -suhubianayo -suhubianazo
u(XI) -suhubianao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -suhubianako
pa(XVI) -suhubianapo
mu(XVIII) -suhubianamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -suhubiana)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yesuhubiana -osuhubiana
m-mi(III/IV) -osuhubiana -yosuhubiana
ji-ma(V/VI) -losuhubiana -yosuhubiana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chosuhubiana -vyosuhubiana
n(IX/X) -yosuhubiana -zosuhubiana
u(XI) -osuhubiana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kosuhubiana
pa(XVI) -posuhubiana
mu(XVIII) -mosuhubiana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.