sumir
Galician
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese sumir~somir, from Latin sūmere.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editsumir (first-person singular present sumo, third-person singular present some, first-person singular preterite sumín, past participle sumido)
sumir (first-person singular present sumo, third-person singular present some, first-person singular preterite sumim or sumi, past participle sumido, reintegrationist norm)
- to cave in; to sink
- Synonym: afundir
- to consume; to decrease
- c. 1840, Ramón Varela Vahamonde, Conversa entre os arrieiros:
- Por eso non queren suba
Na sisa nin na taberna
E, en tanto que os demais paguen,
Eles recachan a perna.
E como serán sumidos
En bebedelas, o aumento,
Dan a sisa pol-os tragos
E miran outros pr’o vento.- That's why they don't want an increase
in the surcharge nor in the tavern
and, as long as the others pay,
they uncover the leg [they sunbathe].
And since they are gonna be consumed
in binges, the augment,
they give the surcharge for the gulps
and others look into the wind.
- That's why they don't want an increase
- to submerge
- Synonym: mergullar
- (figuratively) to cause to fall, to trip up
- (figuratively) to fall into (a state of being)
Conjugation
editSingular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | sumir | |||||
Personal | sumir | sumires | sumir | sumirmos | sumirdes | sumiren |
Gerund | ||||||
sumindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | sumido | sumidos | ||||
Feminine | sumida | sumidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | sumo | somes | some | sumimos | sumides | somen |
Imperfect | sumía | sumías | sumía | sumiamos | sumiades | sumían |
Preterite | sumín | sumiches | sumiu | sumimos | sumistes | sumiron |
Pluperfect | sumira | sumiras | sumira | sumiramos | sumirades | sumiran |
Future | sumirei | sumirás | sumirá | sumiremos | sumiredes | sumirán |
Conditional | sumiría | sumirías | sumiría | sumiriamos | sumiriades | sumirían |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | suma | sumas | suma | sumamos | sumades | suman |
Imperfect | sumise | sumises | sumise | sumísemos | sumísedes | sumisen |
Future | sumir | sumires | sumir | sumirmos | sumirdes | sumiren |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | sume | suma | sumamos | sumide | suman | |
Negative (non) | non sumas | non suma | non sumamos | non sumades | non suman |
1Less recommended.
Related terms
editReferences
edit- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “sumir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “sumir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “sumir”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “sumir”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “sumir” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “sumir”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Icelandic
editEtymology
editOld Norse sumr.
Pronoun
editOld Norse
editPronoun
editsumir
Portuguese
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese sumir~somir, from Latin sūmere.
Pronunciation
edit
- Hyphenation: su‧mir
Verb
editsumir (first-person singular present sumo, third-person singular present some, first-person singular preterite sumi, past participle sumido)
- (intransitive) to vanish, to disappear
- Synonyms: desaparecer, evaporar
- O rapaz sumiu! ― The boy vanished!
- to submerge, to sink
- to be wasted or consumed
- O dinheiro some. ― Money is wasted away
- to hide [with com]
- Synonym: esconder
- Vou sumir com seus cigarros! ― I'm going to hide your cigarettes!
Conjugation
editSingular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | sumir | |||||
Personal | sumir | sumires | sumir | sumirmos | sumirdes | sumirem |
Gerund | ||||||
sumindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | sumido | sumidos | ||||
Feminine | sumida | sumidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | sumo | somes | some | sumimos | sumis | somem |
Imperfect | sumia | sumias | sumia | sumíamos | sumíeis | sumiam |
Preterite | sumi | sumiste | sumiu | sumimos | sumistes | sumiram |
Pluperfect | sumira | sumiras | sumira | sumíramos | sumíreis | sumiram |
Future | sumirei | sumirás | sumirá | sumiremos | sumireis | sumirão |
Conditional | sumiria | sumirias | sumiria | sumiríamos | sumiríeis | sumiriam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | suma | sumas | suma | sumamos | sumais | sumam |
Imperfect | sumisse | sumisses | sumisse | sumíssemos | sumísseis | sumissem |
Future | sumir | sumires | sumir | sumirmos | sumirdes | sumirem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | some | suma | sumamos | sumi | sumam | |
Negative (não) | não sumas | não suma | não sumamos | não sumais | não sumam |
Spanish
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Spanish somir, from Latin sūmere.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editsumir (first-person singular present sumo, first-person singular preterite sumí, past participle sumido)
- to submerge
- Synonym: sumergir
- (reflexive, figurative) to be devoured (by); to wallow in; to get tied up (in)
- Synonym: enredar
- 1864, Eugenio de Ochoa (translator), José Garnier, Elementos de economía política:
- la sociedad volvería a sumirse en la barbarie
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1922, Vicente Blasco Ibáñez, La tierra de todos:
- Se sumió otra vez el joven en su monótona labor de dibujante lineal; pero á los pocos instantes sus ojos volvieron á levantarse del papel.
- Once again the young man wallowed in his tedious work as a line drawer, but a short while later he looked back up from the paper.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | sumir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | sumiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | sumido | sumida | |||||
plural | sumidos | sumidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | sumo | sumestú sumísvos |
sume | sumimos | sumís | sumen | |
imperfect | sumía | sumías | sumía | sumíamos | sumíais | sumían | |
preterite | sumí | sumiste | sumió | sumimos | sumisteis | sumieron | |
future | sumiré | sumirás | sumirá | sumiremos | sumiréis | sumirán | |
conditional | sumiría | sumirías | sumiría | sumiríamos | sumiríais | sumirían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | suma | sumastú sumásvos2 |
suma | sumamos | sumáis | suman | |
imperfect (ra) |
sumiera | sumieras | sumiera | sumiéramos | sumierais | sumieran | |
imperfect (se) |
sumiese | sumieses | sumiese | sumiésemos | sumieseis | sumiesen | |
future1 | sumiere | sumieres | sumiere | sumiéremos | sumiereis | sumieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | sumetú sumívos |
suma | sumamos | sumid | suman | ||
negative | no sumas | no suma | no sumamos | no sumáis | no suman |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- “sumir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28
- Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983) “sumir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volume V (Ri–X), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 336
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