حال
Arabic
editEtymology 1
editRoot |
---|
ح و ل (ḥ w l) |
30 terms |
Verb
editحَالَ • (ḥāla) I (non-past يَحُولُ (yaḥūlu), verbal noun حَوْل (ḥawl) or حُؤُول (ḥuʔūl))
- to change, to be transformed
- to turn, to transform [with إِلَى (ʔilā) or accusative ‘into something’]
- to become [with إِلَى (ʔilā) ‘something’]
- to dodge, to evade [with عَن (ʕan) ‘something, e.g. a commitment’]
- to elapse, to pass, to go by
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
حَوْل, حُؤُول ḥawl, ḥuʔūl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
حَائِل ḥāʔil | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | حُلْتُ ḥultu |
حُلْتَ ḥulta |
حَالَ ḥāla |
حُلْتُمَا ḥultumā |
حَالَا ḥālā |
حُلْنَا ḥulnā |
حُلْتُمْ ḥultum |
حَالُوا ḥālū | |||
f | حُلْتِ ḥulti |
حَالَتْ ḥālat |
حَالَتَا ḥālatā |
حُلْتُنَّ ḥultunna |
حُلْنَ ḥulna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَحُولُ ʔaḥūlu |
تَحُولُ taḥūlu |
يَحُولُ yaḥūlu |
تَحُولَانِ taḥūlāni |
يَحُولَانِ yaḥūlāni |
نَحُولُ naḥūlu |
تَحُولُونَ taḥūlūna |
يَحُولُونَ yaḥūlūna | |||
f | تَحُولِينَ taḥūlīna |
تَحُولُ taḥūlu |
تَحُولَانِ taḥūlāni |
تَحُلْنَ taḥulna |
يَحُلْنَ yaḥulna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَحُولَ ʔaḥūla |
تَحُولَ taḥūla |
يَحُولَ yaḥūla |
تَحُولَا taḥūlā |
يَحُولَا yaḥūlā |
نَحُولَ naḥūla |
تَحُولُوا taḥūlū |
يَحُولُوا yaḥūlū | |||
f | تَحُولِي taḥūlī |
تَحُولَ taḥūla |
تَحُولَا taḥūlā |
تَحُلْنَ taḥulna |
يَحُلْنَ yaḥulna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَحُلْ ʔaḥul |
تَحُلْ taḥul |
يَحُلْ yaḥul |
تَحُولَا taḥūlā |
يَحُولَا yaḥūlā |
نَحُلْ naḥul |
تَحُولُوا taḥūlū |
يَحُولُوا yaḥūlū | |||
f | تَحُولِي taḥūlī |
تَحُلْ taḥul |
تَحُولَا taḥūlā |
تَحُلْنَ taḥulna |
يَحُلْنَ yaḥulna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | حُلْ ḥul |
حُولَا ḥūlā |
حُولُوا ḥūlū |
||||||||
f | حُولِي ḥūlī |
حُلْنَ ḥulna |
Verb
editحَالَ • (ḥāla) I (non-past يَحُولُ (yaḥūlu), verbal noun حَوْل (ḥawl) or حَيْلُولَة (ḥaylūla) or حُؤُول (ḥuʔūl))
- to intervene, to come [with بَيْنَ (bayna) ‘between two things’]
- to prevent [with دُونَ (dūna) ‘something’]
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
حَوْل, حَيْلُولَة, حُؤُول ḥawl, ḥaylūla, ḥuʔūl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
حَائِل ḥāʔil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَحُول maḥūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | حُلْتُ ḥultu |
حُلْتَ ḥulta |
حَالَ ḥāla |
حُلْتُمَا ḥultumā |
حَالَا ḥālā |
حُلْنَا ḥulnā |
حُلْتُمْ ḥultum |
حَالُوا ḥālū | |||
f | حُلْتِ ḥulti |
حَالَتْ ḥālat |
حَالَتَا ḥālatā |
حُلْتُنَّ ḥultunna |
حُلْنَ ḥulna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَحُولُ ʔaḥūlu |
تَحُولُ taḥūlu |
يَحُولُ yaḥūlu |
تَحُولَانِ taḥūlāni |
يَحُولَانِ yaḥūlāni |
نَحُولُ naḥūlu |
تَحُولُونَ taḥūlūna |
يَحُولُونَ yaḥūlūna | |||
f | تَحُولِينَ taḥūlīna |
تَحُولُ taḥūlu |
تَحُولَانِ taḥūlāni |
تَحُلْنَ taḥulna |
يَحُلْنَ yaḥulna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَحُولَ ʔaḥūla |
تَحُولَ taḥūla |
يَحُولَ yaḥūla |
تَحُولَا taḥūlā |
يَحُولَا yaḥūlā |
نَحُولَ naḥūla |
تَحُولُوا taḥūlū |
يَحُولُوا yaḥūlū | |||
f | تَحُولِي taḥūlī |
تَحُولَ taḥūla |
تَحُولَا taḥūlā |
تَحُلْنَ taḥulna |
يَحُلْنَ yaḥulna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَحُلْ ʔaḥul |
تَحُلْ taḥul |
يَحُلْ yaḥul |
تَحُولَا taḥūlā |
يَحُولَا yaḥūlā |
نَحُلْ naḥul |
تَحُولُوا taḥūlū |
يَحُولُوا yaḥūlū | |||
f | تَحُولِي taḥūlī |
تَحُلْ taḥul |
تَحُولَا taḥūlā |
تَحُلْنَ taḥulna |
يَحُلْنَ yaḥulna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | حُلْ ḥul |
حُولَا ḥūlā |
حُولُوا ḥūlū |
||||||||
f | حُولِي ḥūlī |
حُلْنَ ḥulna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | حِيلَ ḥīla |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | يُحَالُ yuḥālu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | يُحَالَ yuḥāla |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | يُحَلْ yuḥal |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Noun
editحَال • (ḥāl) m or f (plural أَحْوَال (ʔaḥwāl))
- condition, state, situation, position, status, circumstance, matter, concern, being
- current circumstances, present, actuality
- (grammar) present
- Coordinate terms: مَاضٍ (māḍin), مُسْتَقْبَل (mustaqbal)
- (grammar) a circumstantial expression, adverbial
Declension
editSingular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حَال ḥāl |
الْحَال al-ḥāl |
حَال ḥāl |
Nominative | حَالٌ ḥālun |
الْحَالُ al-ḥālu |
حَالُ ḥālu |
Accusative | حَالًا ḥālan |
الْحَالَ al-ḥāla |
حَالَ ḥāla |
Genitive | حَالٍ ḥālin |
الْحَالِ al-ḥāli |
حَالِ ḥāli |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | حَالَيْن ḥālayn |
الْحَالَيْن al-ḥālayn |
حَالَيْ ḥālay |
Nominative | حَالَانِ ḥālāni |
الْحَالَانِ al-ḥālāni |
حَالَا ḥālā |
Accusative | حَالَيْنِ ḥālayni |
الْحَالَيْنِ al-ḥālayni |
حَالَيْ ḥālay |
Genitive | حَالَيْنِ ḥālayni |
الْحَالَيْنِ al-ḥālayni |
حَالَيْ ḥālay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَحْوَال ʔaḥwāl |
الْأَحْوَال al-ʔaḥwāl |
أَحْوَال ʔaḥwāl |
Nominative | أَحْوَالٌ ʔaḥwālun |
الْأَحْوَالُ al-ʔaḥwālu |
أَحْوَالُ ʔaḥwālu |
Accusative | أَحْوَالًا ʔaḥwālan |
الْأَحْوَالَ al-ʔaḥwāla |
أَحْوَالَ ʔaḥwāla |
Genitive | أَحْوَالٍ ʔaḥwālin |
الْأَحْوَالِ al-ʔaḥwāli |
أَحْوَالِ ʔaḥwāli |
Derived terms
edit- دَوَامُ الْحَالِ مِنَ الْمُحَالِ (dawāmu l-ḥāli mina l-muḥāli)
Descendants
edit- → Azerbaijani: hal
- → Middle Armenian: հալ (hal)
- Armenian: հալ (hal)
- → Bengali: হাল (hal)
- → Malay: hal
- Indonesian: hal
- → Ottoman Turkish: حال (hâl)
- → Persian: حال (hâl)
- → Swahili: hali
Etymology 2
editAdverbial accusative of حَال (ḥāl, “circumstance”).
Preposition
editحَالَ • (ḥāla)
Inflection
editInflected forms | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | حَالَ (ḥāla) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Masculine | Feminine | Common | Masculine | Feminine | |
First person | حَالِي (ḥālī) | حَالَنَا (ḥālanā) | |||
Second person | حَالَكَ (ḥālaka) | حَالَكِ (ḥālaki) | حَالَكُمَا (ḥālakumā) | حَالَكُمْ (ḥālakum) | حَالَكُنَّ (ḥālakunna) |
Third person | حَالَهُ (ḥālahu) | حَالَهَا (ḥālahā) | حَالَهُمَا (ḥālahumā) | حَالَهُمْ (ḥālahum) | حَالَهُنَّ (ḥālahunna) |
Etymology 3
editRoot |
---|
ح ل ي (ḥ l y) |
3 terms |
Adjective
editحَالٍ • (ḥālin) (feminine حَالِيَة (ḥāliya), masculine plural حَوَالٍ (ḥawālin), feminine plural حَالِيَات (ḥāliyāt))
- active participle of حَلَى (ḥalā)
- wearing an ornament or jewellery
- having an ornament or jewellery
Declension
editSingular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular triptote in ـٍ (-in) | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حَالِي ḥālī |
الْحَالِي al-ḥālī |
حَالِيَة ḥāliya |
الْحَالِيَة al-ḥāliya |
Nominative | حَالٍ ḥālin |
الْحَالِي al-ḥālī |
حَالِيَةٌ ḥāliyatun |
الْحَالِيَةُ al-ḥāliyatu |
Accusative | حَالِيًا ḥāliyan |
الْحَالِيَ al-ḥāliya |
حَالِيَةً ḥāliyatan |
الْحَالِيَةَ al-ḥāliyata |
Genitive | حَالٍ ḥālin |
الْحَالِي al-ḥālī |
حَالِيَةٍ ḥāliyatin |
الْحَالِيَةِ al-ḥāliyati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حَالِيَيْن ḥāliyayn |
الْحَالِيَيْن al-ḥāliyayn |
حَالِيَتَيْن ḥāliyatayn |
الْحَالِيَتَيْن al-ḥāliyatayn |
Nominative | حَالِيَانِ ḥāliyāni |
الْحَالِيَانِ al-ḥāliyāni |
حَالِيَتَانِ ḥāliyatāni |
الْحَالِيَتَانِ al-ḥāliyatāni |
Accusative | حَالِيَيْنِ ḥāliyayni |
الْحَالِيَيْنِ al-ḥāliyayni |
حَالِيَتَيْنِ ḥāliyatayni |
الْحَالِيَتَيْنِ al-ḥāliyatayni |
Genitive | حَالِيَيْنِ ḥāliyayni |
الْحَالِيَيْنِ al-ḥāliyayni |
حَالِيَتَيْنِ ḥāliyatayni |
الْحَالِيَتَيْنِ al-ḥāliyatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
broken plural diptote in ـٍ (-in) | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حَوَالِي ḥawālī |
الْحَوَالِي al-ḥawālī |
حَالِيَات ḥāliyāt |
الْحَالِيَات al-ḥāliyāt |
Nominative | حَوَالٍ ḥawālin |
الْحَوَالِي al-ḥawālī |
حَالِيَاتٌ ḥāliyātun |
الْحَالِيَاتُ al-ḥāliyātu |
Accusative | حَوَالِيَ ḥawāliya |
الْحَوَالِيَ al-ḥawāliya |
حَالِيَاتٍ ḥāliyātin |
الْحَالِيَاتِ al-ḥāliyāti |
Genitive | حَوَالٍ ḥawālin |
الْحَوَالِي al-ḥawālī |
حَالِيَاتٍ ḥāliyātin |
الْحَالِيَاتِ al-ḥāliyāti |
References
edit- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “حال”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 338
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “حال”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 444–445
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “حال”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 673
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “حال”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 251–252
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “حال”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[4], London: W.H. Allen, page 304
North Levantine Arabic
editAlternative forms
edit- حاله (ḥāli) (noun only)
Etymology
editNoun
editحال • (ḥāl) m (plural احوال (aḥwāl))
Pronoun
editحال • (ḥāl-)
Ottoman Turkish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).
Noun
editحال • (hâl) (plural احوال (ahvâl))
- situation, state, condition
- Synonym: وضعیت (vażʿiyyet)
- attitude, behaviour
- Synonym: طاورانیش (davranış)
- manner, method, mode
- present (this current moment)
- (grammar) present tense
- (grammar) noun in the adverbial accusative (in Arabic)
- power, strength
- pain, grief, sorrow, distress
- quality, property, attribute
- extasy, trance, in which Sufi mystics go
- Synonym: وجد (vecd)
- ardent sexual love, passion
Descendants
edit- Turkish: hâl
- → Albanian: hall
- → Bulgarian: хал (hal)
- → Greek: χάλι (cháli)
- → Romanian: hal
- → Serbo-Croatian: hȃl/ха̑л
Adverb
editحال • (hâl)
See also
editReferences
edit- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “hâl”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1845f.
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “حال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[5], Constantinople: Mihran, page 493f.
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “حال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 756f.
Persian
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [hɑːl]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [hɒːl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [hɔl]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | hāl |
Dari reading? | hāl |
Iranian reading? | hâl |
Tajik reading? | hol |
Etymology 1
editBorrowed from Arabic حَال (ḥāl, “state, condition”).
Noun
editحال • (hâl) (plural حالات (hâlât) or احوال (ahvâl))
- condition; state
- حالت خوبه؟ ― hâl-et xub-e? ― How are you? (literally, “Is your state good?”)
- Short for زمان حال (zamân-e hâl, “(grammar) the present tense”).
- (in idiomatic expressions) senses, consciousness
Derived terms
edit- از حال رفتن (az hâl raftan, “to faint”)
- به حال آمدن (be hâl âmadan, “to come to one's senses”)
- ترجمه حال (tarjome-ye hâl, “biography”)
- حال آنکه (hâl-e ân-ke, “whereas”)
- در حال (dar hâl, “immediately”)
Related terms
edit- حالت (hâlat)
Descendants
editEtymology 2
editAdverb
editحال • (hâl)
- Alternative form of حالا (hâlâ, “now”).
South Levantine Arabic
editRoot |
---|
ح و ل |
7 terms |
Etymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editحال • (ḥāl) m (plural أحوال (ʔaḥwāl))
Pronoun
editحال • (ḥāl-)
Inflection
editInflected forms of حال | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | حال (ḥāl) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
singular | plural | |||
m | f | ||||
1st person | حالي (ḥāli) | حالنا (ḥālna) | |||
2nd person | حالك (ḥālak) | حالك (ḥālek) | حالكم (ḥālkom) | ||
3rd person | حاله (ḥālo) | حالها (ḥālha) | حالهم (ḥālhom) |
Derived terms
edit- لحال (la-ḥāl-, “by oneself”)
Urdu
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Classical Persian حال (hāl), from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editحال • (hāl) m (formal plural حالات (hālāt), Hindi spelling हाल)
Declension
editDeclension of حال | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | حال (hāl) | حال (hāl) |
oblique | حال (hāl) | حالوں (hālō̃) |
vocative | حال (hāl) | حالو (hālō) |
References
edit- Arabic terms belonging to the root ح و ل
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic hollow form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with و as second radical
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel u and non-past vowel u
- Arabic verbs lacking passive forms
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic verbs with impersonal passive
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic feminine nouns
- Arabic nouns with multiple genders
- ar:Grammar
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic adverbial accusatives
- Arabic prepositions
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ح ل ي
- Arabic adjectives
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -in
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic adjectives with broken plural
- Arabic adjectives with diptote broken plural in -in
- Arabic adjectives with sound feminine plural
- North Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- North Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- North Levantine Arabic lemmas
- North Levantine Arabic nouns
- North Levantine Arabic masculine nouns
- North Levantine Arabic pronouns
- North Levantine Arabic terms with usage examples
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Grammar
- Ottoman Turkish adverbs
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian terms with audio links
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with usage examples
- fa:Sufism
- fa:Grammar
- Persian short forms
- Persian adverbs
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root ح و ل
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio links
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic nouns
- South Levantine Arabic masculine nouns
- South Levantine Arabic pronouns
- South Levantine Arabic reflexive pronouns
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root ح و ل
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Urdu terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Urdu/ɑːl
- Rhymes:Urdu/ɑːl/1 syllable
- Urdu terms with homophones
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- ur:Time
- Urdu nouns with declension