佑

See also: 祐

佑 U+4F51, 佑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F51 ← 佐 [U+4F50] CJK Unified Ideographs 佒 → [U+4F52]

Translingual

Han character

佑 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人大口 (OKR) or X人大口 (XOKR), four-corner 2426₀, composition ⿰亻右)

Derived characters

• 㐛, 𫈈, 𫳌, 𭹐

References

• KangXi: page 98, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 507
• Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 131, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4F51

Chinese

simp. and trad.		佑
alternative forms		右 祐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (又) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
絠	*kɯːʔ
醢	*qʰɯːʔ
珛	*qʰʷɯs
栯	*ɢʷɯʔ, *qʷɯ
有	*ɢʷɯʔ
友	*ɢʷɯʔ
右	*ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs
宥	*ɢʷɯs
囿	*ɢʷɯs, *ɡʷɯ
侑	*ɢʷɯs
酭	*ɢʷɯs
姷	*ɢʷɯs
又	*ɢʷɯs
佑	*ɢʷɯs
祐	*ɢʷɯs
賄	*qʰʷɯːʔ
蛕	*qʰʷɯːʔ, *ɡʷɯː
烠	*ɡʷɯː
倄	*ɢraːw, *ɢʷɯːʔ
鮪	*ɢʷɯʔ
洧	*ɢʷɯʔ
痏	*ɢʷɯʔ
郁	*qʷɯ
戫	*qʷɯ
哊	*ɡʷɯ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷɯs): semantic 亻 + phonetic 右 (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs).

Etymology

Exoactive derivation of 右 (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs, “right”).

“Right” and “left” are metaphors for “to assist” via the following semantic development: “left or right” > “to be on the left or right of a person” > “to assist, to help, to protect”.

Compare the derivation of 佐 (OC *ʔsaːls, “to assist; to help”) from 左 (OC *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls, “left”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): yòu (you⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): you¹

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁶
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): iū

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iu⁶

• Wu (Wiktionary): ³hhieu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yòu
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yòu
    • Wade–Giles: yu⁴
    • Yale: yòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yow
    • Palladius: ю (ju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: you¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iəu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau⁶
    • Yale: yauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iū
    • Tâi-lô: iū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iu
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iu⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iu²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iu³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iu⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iŭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iu³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ³hhieu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦiɜ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ɦɨu^H/

Rime
Character	佑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	于救切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨuH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiuH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuwH/
Li Rong	/ɣiuH/
Wang Li	/ɣĭəuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷəʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	佑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yòu
Middle Chinese	‹ hjuwH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷəʔ-s/
English	assist
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	佑
Reading #	1/1
No.	15605
Phonetic component	又
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	宥
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯs/

Definitions

佑

1. to assist; to help; to protect

   • 天佑吾民！天佑吾皇！ [MSC, trad. and simp.]

     From: The Firmament of the Pleiades

     Tiān yòu wú mín! Tiān yòu wú huáng! [Pinyin]

     God save my people! God save my emperor!

2. (alt. form 祐) to bless
3. a surname
4. (Taiwan) yotta- (SI unit prefix)

   Synonym: 堯／尧 (yáo) (Mainland)

Compounds

• 不佑 (bùyòu)
• 保佑 (bǎoyòu)
• 冥佑
• 天佑 (Tiānyòu)

• 孚佑
• 庇佑 (bìyòu)
• 敷佑
• 眷佑 (juànyòu)

• 神天福佑
• 護國佑民／护国佑民 (hùguóyòumín)
• 鄰佑／邻佑

Japanese

Kanji

佑

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. To help

Readings

• Go-on: う (u)
• Kan-on: ゆう (yū)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
• Kun: たすける (tasukeru, 佑ける); すけ (suke)

Proper noun

佑(ゆう) • (Yū) 

1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

佑 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

佑: Hán Nôm readings: hữu, hựu

1. to assist; to help