尤

See also: 尢 and ㄤ

尤	U+5C24, 尤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C24

← 尣
[U+5C23]

CJK Unified Ideographs

尥 →
[U+5C25]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

尤 (Kangxi radical 43, 尢+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 戈大山 (IKU), four-corner 4301₀, composition ⿺尢丶)

Derived charactersEdit

㕱, 㚭, 忧, 扰, 沋, 肬, 犹, 紌(𬘕), 蚘, 訧, 㞃, 䤞, 就, 駀, 魷(鱿), 尨, 𡯟, 𬡸, 𪨈, 疣

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 298, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7543
Dae Jaweon: page 593, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 551, character 14
Unihan data for U+5C24

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		尤

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 尤
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尤) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
尤	*ɢʷɯ
疣	*ɢʷɯ
肬	*ɢʷɯ
沋	*ɢʷɯ
訧	*ɢʷɯ
忧	*ɢʷɯs
蚘	*ɢʷɯː

Pictogram (象形) – hand with a wart. Original form of 疣 and 肬.

EtymologyEdit

Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan [script needed] (yus, “blame, charge, accusation”).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yóu (you²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yù
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): iû

(Teochew, Peng'im): iu⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yóu
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yóu
  - Wade–Giles: yu²
  - Yale: yóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: you
  - Palladius: ю (ju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jau⁴
  - Yale: yàuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
  - Hakka Romanization System: iuˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu²
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯u¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iuˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iû
  - Tâi-lô: iû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iu²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iu²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iu⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ɦɨu/

Rime
Character	尤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羽求切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiu/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuw/
Li Rong	/ɣiu/
Wang Li	/ɣĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	尤
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yóu
Middle Chinese	‹ hjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə/
English	fault; even more
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	尤
Reading #	1/1
No.	15503
Phonetic component	尤
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	尤
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯ/
Notes	甲文象又（手）上加筆指疣

DefinitionsEdit

尤

fault; flaw
to fault; to blame
效尤 ― xiàoyóu ― to follow bad examples (literally, "to imitate the blameworthy")
(literary) strange; special; outstanding
(literary) especially; particularly; even more
a surname

CompoundsEdit

不怨不尤
以儆效尤 (yǐjǐngxiàoyóu)
勒尤 (lèyóu)
天生尤物
尤人
尤其 (yóuqí)
尤悔
尤有甚者
尤物 (yóuwù)
尤甚 (yóushèn)
尤至
尤金 (Yóujīn)
怨天尤人 (yuàntiān-yóurén)
怨尤

悔尤
愆尤 (qiānyóu)
拔尤
效尤 (xiàoyóu)
淑尤
群起效尤
蚩尤 (Chīyóu)
蚩尤旗 (Chīyóuqí)
起而效尤
逢尤
尤里西斯
尤態／尤态
尤殢／尤𣨼

ReferencesEdit

“Query for 尤”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
“尤”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

尤

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

ReadingsEdit

On (unclassified): ゆう (yū)
Kun: とがめる (togameru), とが (toga), もっとも (mottomo)
Nanori: まさる (masaru)

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

尤 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u)

especially, particularly

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

尤: Hán Nôm readings: vưu

(Rare) A Vietnamese surname