Wiktionary

彈

See also: 弹 and 弾
彈 U+5F48, 彈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F48
← 彇
[U+5F47] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 彉 →
[U+5F49]

Translingual

edit
Traditional 彈
Shinjitai 弾
Simplified 弹

Han character

edit

彈 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 弓口口十 (NRRJ), four-corner 16256, composition ⿰弓單)

Derived characters

edit
edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 360, character 45
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9865
  • Dae Jaweon: page 678, character 33
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1002, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5F48

Chinese

edit
trad. 彈
simp. 弹
2nd round simp. 𰐔
alternative forms 𢎫

Glyph origin

edit
Historical forms of the character 彈
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
     
Characters in the same phonetic series (單) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嚲 *taːlʔ
癉 *taːlʔ, *taːls, *taːn, *daːn
奲 *taːlʔ, *tʰjaːlʔ
驒 *daːl, *daːn, *teːn
鼉 *daːl
磾 *teːl
鷤 *deːl, *deːls, *daːn
觶 *tjal, *tjals
單 *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans
鄲 *taːn
殫 *taːn
簞 *taːn
匰 *taːn
襌 *taːn
彈 *daːn, *daːns
貚 *daːn, *deːn
撣 *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan, *taːnʔ
潬 *daːnʔ
僤 *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan
憚 *daːns
樿 *tjanʔ
燀 *tjanʔ, *tʰjan, *tʰjanʔ
戰 *tjans
闡 *tʰjanʔ
繟 *tʰjanʔ
幝 *tʰjanʔ
嘽 *tʰaːn, *tʰjanʔ
灛 *tʰjanʔ
蟬 *djan
禪 *djan, *djans
嬋 *djan
墠 *djanʔ
鱓 *djanʔ
蕇 *teːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *daːn, *daːns): semantic 弓 + phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans).

Etymology

edit
"to shoot pellets at; to play (a stringed instrument)"
Probably related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *tal (“bow”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation 2 ("bow for shooting pellets" > "pellet") is a general derivation of pronunciation 1 "to shoot pellets at".

Pronunciation 1

edit
Note:
  • daan6 - to catapult, to flick, to spring, to be elastic;
  • taan4 - to play (an instrument), to accuse.
Note:
  • tân - literary;
  • tôaⁿ/tōaⁿ - vernacular.
Rime
Character 彈
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒干切
Baxter dan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/dɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dan/
Li
Rong 		/dɑn/
Wang
Li 		/dɑn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/dʱɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		taan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 彈 彈
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tán tán
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dan › ‹ dan ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.dˁar/ /*[d]ˁar/
English shoot pellets shoot pellets

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 彈
Reading # 1/2
No. 2003
Phonetic
component 		單
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		壇
Old
Chinese 		/*daːn/

Definitions

edit

彈

  1. to shoot (with a slingshot); to catapult; to eject
  2. to flick; to fluff; to strike
  3. (music) to play (a stringed musical instrument)
    彈琴／弹琴  ―  tánqín  ―  to play stringed instruments or piano
  4. to spring; to leap; to be elastic
  5. to accuse; to criticise; to expose
    彈劾／弹劾  ―  tánhé  ―  to impeach
    糾彈／纠弹  ―  jiūtán  ―  to denounce publicly; to censure formally
  6. (traditional Chinese medicine) to puncture
  7. (of tear) to fall
  8. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to weigh
  9. (Eastern Min) to shine
  10. (Eastern Min) to look at oneself in the mirror
  11. (Southern Min) to blather; to speak nonsense

Compounds

edit

Pronunciation 2

edit
 
Wikipedia has an article on:
Note:
  • tôaⁿ, tōaⁿ - vernacular;
  • tân, tān, thân - literary.
Note: duain7 - in 黃彈／黄弹.
Rime
Character 彈
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒案切
Baxter danH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/dɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/danH/
Li
Rong 		/dɑnH/
Wang
Li 		/dɑnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/dʱɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		daan6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 彈
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ danH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]ˁar-s/
English pellet

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 彈
Reading # 2/2
No. 2013
Phonetic
component 		單
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		憚
Old
Chinese 		/*daːns/

Definitions

edit

彈

  1. shot; pellet
  2. slingshot
  3. (obsolete) alternative form of 蛋 (dàn, “egg”)
  4. bullet; shot
    子彈／子弹  ―  zǐdàn  ―  bullet
  5. bomb; shell

Compounds

edit

Descendants

edit
Sino-Xenic (彈):
  • → Vietnamese: đạn (彈)

Japanese

edit

Shinjitai

弾

Kyūjitai

彈

Kanji

edit
彈

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 弾)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

edit
  • Go-on: だん (dan)
  • Kan-on: たん (tan)
  • Kun: たま (tama, 彈)、はじく (hajiku, 彈)、はずむ (hazumu, 彈む)←はづむ (fadumu, 彈む, historical)、ひく (hiku, 彈く)

Korean

edit

Hanja

edit

彈 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, McCune–Reischauer t'an, Yale than)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

edit

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

彈: Hán Nôm readings: đạn, đàn, đằn, đan, đận, rờn

Noun

edit

(classifier 丸 (viên)) 彈

  1. chữ Hán form of đạn (“(firearms) a bullet”).

Derived terms

edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=彈&oldid=84651075"