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單

See also: 单 and 単
單 U+55AE, 單
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55AE
← 喭
[U+55AD]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 喯 →
[U+55AF]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Traditional 單
Shinjitai 単
Simplified 单

Han characterEdit

單 (radical 30 口+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口口田十 (RRWJ), four-corner 66506, composition ⿱吅⿻日十)

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 200, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3993
  • Dae Jaweon: page 422, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 654, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+55AE

ChineseEdit

trad. 單
simp. 单

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 單
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (單) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嚲 taːlʔ
癉 taːlʔ, *taːls, *taːn, *daːn
奲 taːlʔ, *tʰjaːlʔ
驒 daːl, *daːn, *teːn
鼉 daːl
磾 teːl
鷤 deːl, *deːls, *daːn
觶 tjal, *tjals
單 taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans
鄲 taːn
殫 taːn
簞 taːn
匰 taːn
襌 taːn
啴 tʰaːn
彈 daːn, *daːns
貚 daːn, *deːn
撣 daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan, *taːnʔ
潬 daːnʔ
僤 daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan
憚 daːns
樿 tjanʔ
燀 tjanʔ, *tʰjan, *tʰjanʔ
戰 tjans
闡 tʰjanʔ
繟 tʰjanʔ
幝 tʰjanʔ
嘽 tʰjanʔ
灛 tʰjanʔ
蟬 djan
禪 djan, *djans
嬋 djan
墠 djanʔ
鱓 djanʔ
蕇 teːnʔ

Pictogram (象形) – a net to catch animals. The two boxes at the top are weights, the middle section is the net, the bottom is the rope.

Pronunciation 1Edit

Note:
  • toaⁿ - vernacular;
  • tan - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 單
Mandarin Beijing /tan⁵⁵/
Harbin /tan⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tan²¹/
Jinan /tã²¹³/
Qingdao /tã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /tan²⁴/
Xi'an /tã²¹/
Xining /tã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tan⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /tan⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tan⁵⁵/
Chengdu /tan⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡san⁵⁵/
/san²¹³/ 姓
Kunming /tã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /taŋ³¹/
Hefei /tæ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tæ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /tɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /tæ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /te⁵³/
Suzhou /te̞⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /tẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /ta³³/
Hui Shexian /tɛ³¹/
Tunxi /tɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /tan³³/
Xiangtan /tan³³/
Gan Nanchang /tan⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /tan⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tɑn²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tan⁵³/
Nanning /tan⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tan⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tan⁵⁵/
/tuã⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /taŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tuiŋ⁵⁴/ 名
/tuiŋ²¹/ 形
Shantou (Min Nan) /tuã³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdaŋ²³/
/ʔdua²³/
Rime
Character 單
Reading # 1/4
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都寒切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tan/
Li
Rong		 /tɑn/
Wang
Li		 /tɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dān
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 單
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tan ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Cə.tˤar/
English single, simple

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 單
Reading # 1/4
No. 1995
Phonetic
component		 單
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 單
Old
Chinese		 /*taːn/

DefinitionsEdit

單

  1. single; individual; solitary
  2. thin; narrow; faint
  3. simple; uncomplicated
  4. (of clothes) unlined
  5. (mathematics) Short for 單數／单数 (dānshù, “odd”).
  6. (linguistics) Short for 單數／单数 (dānshù, “singular”).
  7. cover; bed sheet
  8. list; register; catalogue
  9. only; merely; simply
  10. and; plus
  11. bill (Classifier: 張／张 c)
    埋單 / 埋单 [Cantonese]  ―  maai4 daan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to pay a bill
  12. Classifier for cases, deals and businesses.
  13. A surname​.
See alsoEdit
  • (only): 只 (zhǐ)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 單

Pronunciation 2Edit

Rime
Character 單
Reading # 2/4
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 仙 (77)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 市連切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑiᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑjæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑian/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiɛn/
Wang
Li		 /ʑĭɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑi̯ɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chán
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 單
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzyen ›
Old
Chinese		 /*dar/ (< *[d]ar)
English 單于 chányú: Xiōngnú ruler (W. Hàn)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 單
Reading # 2/4
No. 2027
Phonetic
component		 單
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 鋋
Old
Chinese		 /*djan/

DefinitionsEdit

單

  1. Only used in 單于／单于 (chányú).

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 單

Pronunciation 3Edit

Rime
Character 單 單
Reading # 3/4 4/4
Initial (聲) 常 (25) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 仙 (77) 仙 (77)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 常演切 時戰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑiᴇnX/ /d͡ʑiᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑiɛnX/ /d͡ʑiɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑjænX/ /d͡ʑjænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑianX/ /d͡ʑianH/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiɛnX/ /ʑiɛnH/
Wang
Li		 /ʑĭɛnX/ /ʑĭɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑi̯ɛnX/ /ʑi̯ɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shàn shàn
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 單 單
Reading # 3/4 4/4
No. 2035 2037
Phonetic
component		 單 單
Rime
group		 元 元
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 善 繕
Old
Chinese		 /*djanʔ/ /*djans/

DefinitionsEdit

單

  1. (～縣) Shan County (county in Shandong)
  2. A surname​.

JapaneseEdit

Shinjitai

 単

Kyūjitai

 單

KanjiEdit

單

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 単)

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ReadingsEdit

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

單 • (dan, seon) (hangeul 단, 선, revised dan, seon, McCune-Reischauer tan, sŏn, Yale tan, sen)

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

單 (đơn, đan, thiền, truyên)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

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