操心

Chinese edit

		to toil; to exert	heart; mind
trad. (操心)		操	心
simp. ^#(操心)		操	心

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cāoxīn

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄠㄒㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cou¹ sam¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhâu-sîm
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhau-sim / chho͘-sim / chho-sim

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cāoxīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄠㄒㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: caosin
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻao¹-hsin¹
  - Yale: tsāu-syīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaushin
  - Palladius: цаосинь (caosinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cou¹ sam¹
  - Yale: chōu sām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsou¹ sam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cou¹ sem¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou̯⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    操心
    粗心
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhâu-sîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: cau´ xim´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cau¹ xim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ sim²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhau-sim
  - Tâi-lô: tshau-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhausym
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰau⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰau³³ sim³³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰau⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho͘-sim
  - Tâi-lô: tshoo-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhosym
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔ³³ sim³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho-sim
  - Tâi-lô: tsho-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhoisym
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰo⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: tshaw sim

Rime
Character	操	心
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	七刀切	息林切
Baxter	tshaw	sim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰɑu/	/siɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰɑu/	/sim/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɑu/	/sjem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰaw/	/sim/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰɑu/	/siəm/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰɑu/	/sĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰɑu/	/si̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cāo	xīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cou¹	sam¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤawʔ səm/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːw slɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	操	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cāo	xīn
Middle Chinese	‹ tshaw^X ›	‹ sim ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁawʔ/	/*səm/
English	grasp (v.)	heart
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	操	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	16571	13801
Phonetic component	喿	心
Rime group	宵	侵
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	操	心
Old Chinese	/*sʰaːw/	/*slɯm/

Verb edit

操⫽心 (verb-object)

(intransitive) to worry; to be concerned
愛操心／爱操心 ― àicāoxīn ― to be prone to worrying

為家事操碎了心／为家事操碎了心 ― wèi jiāshì cāo suì le xīn ― to worry about family matters too much

別操這些心啦。／别操这些心啦。 ― Bié cāo zhèxiē xīn la. ― Don't worry about that.
- 獨孤臣孽子，其操心也危，其慮患也深，故達。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  独孤臣孽子，其操心也危，其虑患也深，故达。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Dú gūchén nièzǐ, qí cāoxīn yě wēi, qí lǜhuàn yě shēn, gù dá. [Pinyin]
  They are the friendless minister and concubine's son, who keep their hearts under a sense of peril, and use deep precautions against calamity. On this account they become distinguished for their intelligence.

操心

(transitive) to worry about; to be concerned about
操心家事 ― cāoxīn jiāshì ― to worry about family matters

Synonyms edit

(Hokkien) 憋腹
(Wu) 操心思

Descendants edit

⇒ White Hmong: txhawj (“worry”), txhawj siab (“worry”)

Korean edit

Hanja in this term
操	心

Noun edit

操心 • (josim) (hangeul 조심)

Hanja form^? of 조심 (“caution; care”).