kad

See also: kʼad, kád, and káď

Contents

Ido

Alternative forms

• ka (often used before a consonant)

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit कदा (kadā), Japanese か (ka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kad/

Particle

kad

1. whether, if

   Me dubitas kad il venos.

   I doubt whether he will come.

2. used at the beginning of a sentence to turn it into a question

   Kad il amas me?

   Does he love me?

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Latvian

Adverb

kad

1. when
2. once

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Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷod.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐd]

Conjunction

kàd

1. that

   Aš manau, kad ji graži.

   I think that she is beautiful.

2. when
3. 'cause
4. so as to, in order to
   • 2007, Jurga, Angelai

     Tupi angelai užsimerkę, kad nematytų ką darai.

     Sitting angels closed their eyes so as not to see what you are doing.

Synonyms

• (when): kada, kai
• (because): kadangi, nes
• (in order to): idant

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Livonian

Alternative forms

• (Courland) ka'd

Etymology

Related to Finnish kade.

Adjective

kad

1. envious

Noun

kad

1. envy

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Malay

Etymology

From English card

Noun

kad

1. card (flat, normally rectangular piece of stiff paper, plastic etc.)

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *kogъda, a compound of *ko (from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos) and *gъda, genitive singular of *godъ (compare Old Church Slavonic годъ (godŭ, “right time”)), thus originally meaning "at what time".

Alternative forms

• kàda
• (Torlakian) kăt

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kâd/

Conjunction

kȁd (Cyrillic spelling ка̏д)

1. (interrogative, relative) when

   Kad ćeš doći? ― When will you come?

   Ne znam kad ću stići na sastanak. ― I don't know when I will arrive at the meeting.

   Vjetar je prestao puhati baš kad je počelo kišiti.

   The wind stopped blowing just when it began raining.

2. (subjunctive only) if, if only (= da)

   Kad bih samo imao malo više slobodnog vremena. ― If only I had a little more free time.

3. used in miscellaneous phrases relating to time

   kad god ― whenever

   malo kad ― rarely (literally, “little when”)

   kad-tad ― sooner or later (literally, “when-then”)

   (t)ko zna kad ― who knows when

Usage notes

As a conjunction with the sense of "if", kad, just like synonymous da, is only used in subjunctive mood, to express what one wishes were the case or hypothetical situations contrary to reality in general. For all other uses, ako is used instead.

Adverb

kȁd (Cyrillic spelling ка̏д)

1. (informal, shortening of ikad) ever

   Jesi li kad bio u Beču? ― Have you ever been to Vienna?

2. (informal, shortening of ponekad) sometimes

   Idem na posao kad tramvajem, kad autobusom. ― I go to work sometimes by tram, and sometimes by bus.

3. used in miscellaneous phrases relating to time

   Nisam imao kad da ti se javim.

   I didn't have enough time to call you.

   (literally, “I didn't have when to call you.”)

   Trebao sam već otići u trgovinu, a sad se samo nadam da ću imati kad.

   I should have gone to the shop already, but now I just hope I will have the time to.

   (literally, “I should have gone to the shop already, but now I just hope I will have when.”)

Synonyms

• (Croatia) gda

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *kadъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kâːd/

Noun

kȃd m (Cyrillic spelling ка̑д)

1. incense

Declension

Declension of kad

	singular
nominative	kad
genitive	kada
dative	kadu
accusative	kad
vocative	kade
locative	kadu
instrumental	kadom

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic, from Ancient Greek.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkát/
• Tonal orthography: kȁd

Noun

kàd f (genitive kadí, nominative plural kadí)

1. tub

Declension

Declension of kàd (feminine, i-stem, mobile accent)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	kàd	kadí	kadí
accusative	kàd	kadí	kadí
genitive	kadí	kadí	kadí
dative	kádi	kadéma	kadém
locative	kádi	kadéh	kadéh
instrumental	kadjó	kadéma	kadmí