lar
English
editEtymology 1
editBorrowed from Latin lār (“ancestral deity or spirit”) from Etruscan.
Pronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /lɑː/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (US) IPA(key): /lɑɹ/
- Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
Noun
edit- (Roman mythology, chiefly in the plural) singular of lares: a household god, particularly overseeing the family itself.
- 1974, Guy Davenport, Tatlin!:
- Would the great emperor’s lar, free of its soldierly body rheumatic from German mists and browned and grizzled by the Indus sun, haunt that pinedark road to Elefsis to taste again the essences on which it fed and gather with voluptuous fingers the ghosts of roses?
- The lar gibbon.
Usage notes
editThe gibbon is pluralized as lars. The Latin household gods usually appear as the plurale tantum Lares, following its Latin plural form and capitalized to denote a particular group of lares; the alternative forms Lars, lares, and lars sometimes appear.
Etymology 2
editFrom Latin [Term?].
Alternative forms
editNoun
editlar
- (historical) An Etruscan title, properly peculiar to the eldest son, but often mistaken for an integral part of the name.
References
edit- Chambers 1908.
Anagrams
editAlbanian
editEtymology
editBorrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin laurus.[1][2]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlar m (plural larë, definite lari, definite plural larët)
Declension
editSynonyms
editDerived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Topalli, K. (2017) “lar”, in Fjalor Etimologjik i Gjuhës Shqipe, Durrës, Albania: Jozef, page 862
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “lar”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 213-214
Bavarian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old High German lāri, from Proto-West Germanic *lāʀi, from Proto-Germanic *lēziz. Cognate with German leer, Dutch laar, English leer.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editlar
Galician
editEtymology 1
editFrom Latin larem (“guardian spirit; home”), from Etruscan.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlar m (plural lares)
- home (place or building where one dwells)
- Miña casiña meu lar.
- My house, my home.
- fireside
- hearth
- 1485, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 286:
- iten vnna caldeyra de trager agoa, iten hua caldeyra de sobre do lar, iten dous caldeyros de mao
- item, a bucket for carrying water; item a cauldron for hanging over the hearth; item two hand cauldrons
- a household or ancestral god in ancient Rome
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editEtymology 2
editPerhaps from Suevic or borrowed from Old Norse leir (“clay, mud”), from Proto-Germanic *laiza- (“clay”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“to smear”).
Noun
editlar m (plural lares)
References
edit- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “lar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “lar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “lar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “lar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Latin
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editProbably from Etruscan 𐌋𐌀𐌓 (lar), 𐌋𐌀𐌓𐌔 (lars), or 𐌋𐌀𐌓𐌈 (larθ, “lord”), though it could possibly be from Proto-Indo-European *las- (“eager”), cognate with lascivus.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /laːr/, [ɫ̪äːr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /lar/, [lär]
Noun
editlār m (genitive laris); third declension
Declension
editThird-declension noun.
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | lār | larēs |
genitive | laris | larum |
dative | larī | laribus |
accusative | larem | larēs |
ablative | lare | laribus |
vocative | lār | larēs |
Related terms
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- “Lar”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “lar”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “lar”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Middle English
editNoun
editlar
- Alternative form of lore
Norwegian Bokmål
editVerb
editlar
Norwegian Nynorsk
editVerb
editlar
Old English
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-West Germanic *laiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *laizō, from *laizijaną (“to teach”). Cognate with Old Saxon lēra, Dutch leer, Old High German lēra (German Lehre).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlār f (nominative plural lāre)
- teaching, learning, education
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of Saint Sebastian, Martyr"
- Sebastianus hatte sum halig godes ðegn se wæs lange on lare on mediolana byrig and wearð on criste gefullod mid fullum geleafan.
- There was a holy servant of God, called Sebastian, who was a long time in the city of Milan for education, and was baptized into Christ with full faith.
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of Saint Sebastian, Martyr"
- lesson
- teaching
- doctrine
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"
- Nāst þū lā Geori þæt ūre godas swincað mid þē and ġit hī synd ġeþyldiġe þæt hī þe miltsion. Nū lǣre ic ðē swā swā lēofne sunu þæt ðū þæra cristenra lāre forlǣte mid ealle and tō mīnum rǣde hraðe ġebūge swā þæt ðū offriġe þām ārwurðan Appoline and þū mycelne wurðmynt miht swā beġitan.
- Knowest thou not, O George, that our gods are striving with thee, and even yet they are patient, that they may pity thee; now I exhort thee, as a beloved son, that thou altogether quit the Christians' doctrine, and quickly incline to my counsel, so that thou sacrifice to the venerable Apollo, and thou mayest so obtain great honour.'
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"
- advice, counsel
- school
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Eugenia, Virgin"
- Ða befæste se fæder philippus to lare þæt heo on woruld-wysdome wǣre getogen æfter greciscre uðwytegunge and lǣdenre getingnysse.
- Then her father Philip put her to school that she might be educated in worldly wisdom according to the Greek philosophy and Latin eloquence.
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Eugenia, Virgin"
Declension
editStrong ō-stem:
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | lār | lāra, lāre |
accusative | lāre | lāra, lāre |
genitive | lāre | lāra |
dative | lāre | lārum |
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editDescendants
editPolish
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Latin lār.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlar m animal
- (Roman mythology, chiefly in the plural) lar (household god, particularly overseeing the family itself)
- lar, lar gibbon, common gibbon, white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar)
- Synonym: gibon białoręki
Declension
editFurther reading
editPortuguese
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin larem (“guardian spirit”), likely from Etruscan 𐌋𐌀𐌓 (lar), 𐌋𐌀𐌓𐌔 (lars), or 𐌋𐌀𐌓𐌈 (larθ, “lord”).
Pronunciation
edit
Noun
editlar m (plural lares)
- (endearing) home (place or building where one dwells)
- Synonym: casa
- Não há lugar como o nosso lar.
- There is no place like home.
- hearth (place in a home for lighting fires)
- Synonym: lareira
- the surface of a baking oven
Usage notes
editLar is not as used as loosely as English home. Lar is used to express affection to one’s abode; in other contexts, casa is used instead.
Derived terms
editSpanish
editEtymology
editFrom Latin lārem, in its current form most likely a learned borrowing.[1] A popular or inherited form also existed, referring to the irons in a hearth on which vats were hung to heat water or make stews. The word may ultimately be of Etruscan origin. Doublet of llar.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlar m (plural lares)
See also
edit- casa f
References
edit- ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “lar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
edit- “lar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28
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- es:Fire