neigen
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch neigen, from Old Dutch neigen, from Proto-Germanic *hnaigijaną, the causative of nijgen. The weak verb adopted most intransitive uses from strong nijgen in modern Dutch, the latter being restricted to “bowing as a sign of respect”. Compare however genegen (“inclined to”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
neigen
Inflection edit
Inflection of neigen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | neigen | |||
past singular | neigde | |||
past participle | geneigd | |||
infinitive | neigen | |||
gerund | neigen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | neig | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | neigt | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | neigt | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | neigt | neigde | ||
3rd person singular | neigt | neigde | ||
plural | neigen | neigden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | neige | neigde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | neigen | neigden | ||
imperative sing. | neig | |||
imperative plur.1 | neigt | |||
participles | neigend | geneigd | ||
1) Archaic. |
Derived terms edit
German edit
Etymology edit
From a merger of Middle High German nīgen (intransitive, strong) and neigen (transitive, weak), from Old High German nīgan and neigen, from Proto-Germanic *hnīganą and its causative *hnaigijaną. Cognate with Dutch nijgen and neigen, Old English hnīgan and Old English hnǣgan, Old Norse hnīga and hneiga. Strong forms have been absent from the standard language since the 16th century, but survive in some dialects.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
neigen (weak, third-person singular present neigt, past tense neigte, past participle geneigt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to incline, slant, tilt, bend, lower (move something in some direction by bowing or turning slightly)
- Die Sträucher neigen ihre Zweige.
- The shrubs are lowering their twigs.
- (reflexive or intransitive) to incline, slant, lean, bow (intransitive use always requires an adverb of place)
- Die Wand neigt sich.
- The wall is slanting.
- Die Wand neigt (sich) zur Seite. (Here reflexive use may imply the inclination is increasing.)
- The wall is slanting to the side.
- (intransitive, with zu) to be inclined, tend towards, have a preference for
- Ich neige zu dieser Lösung.
- I am inclined to this solution.
Conjugation edit
infinitive | neigen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | neigend | ||||
past participle | geneigt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich neige | wir neigen | i | ich neige | wir neigen |
du neigst | ihr neigt | du neigest | ihr neiget | ||
er neigt | sie neigen | er neige | sie neigen | ||
preterite | ich neigte | wir neigten | ii | ich neigte1 | wir neigten1 |
du neigtest | ihr neigtet | du neigtest1 | ihr neigtet1 | ||
er neigte | sie neigten | er neigte1 | sie neigten1 | ||
imperative | neig (du) neige (du) |
neigt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
Middle Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Old Dutch neigen, from Proto-Germanic *hnaigijaną, the causative of nigen.
Verb edit
neigen
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Alternative forms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “neighen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “neigen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Old Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *hnaigijaną.
Verb edit
neigen
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “nēgen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012