neigen
Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Dutch neigen, from Old Dutch neigen, from Proto-Germanic *hnaigijaną, the causative of nijgen. The weak verb adopted most intransitive uses from strong nijgen in modern Dutch, the latter being restricted to “bowing as a sign of respect”. Compare however genegen (“inclined to”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editneigen
Inflection
editConjugation of neigen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | neigen | |||
past singular | neigde | |||
past participle | geneigd | |||
infinitive | neigen | |||
gerund | neigen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | neig | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | neigt, neig2 | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | neigt | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | neigt | neigde | ||
3rd person singular | neigt | neigde | ||
plural | neigen | neigden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | neige | neigde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | neigen | neigden | ||
imperative sing. | neig | |||
imperative plur.1 | neigt | |||
participles | neigend | geneigd | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
editGerman
editEtymology
editFrom a merger of Middle High German nīgen (intransitive, strong) and neigen (transitive, weak), from Old High German nīgan and neigen, from Proto-Germanic *hnīganą and its causative *hnaigijaną. Cognate with Dutch nijgen and neigen, Old English hnīgan and Old English hnǣgan, Old Norse hnīga and hneiga. Strong forms have been absent from the standard language since the 16th century, but survive in some dialects.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editneigen (weak, third-person singular present neigt, past tense neigte, past participle geneigt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to incline, slant, tilt, bend, lower (move something in some direction by bowing or turning slightly)
- Die Sträucher neigen ihre Zweige.
- The shrubs are lowering their twigs.
- (reflexive or intransitive) to incline, slant, lean, bow (intransitive use always requires an adverb of place)
- Die Wand neigt sich.
- The wall is slanting.
- Die Wand neigt (sich) zur Seite. (Here reflexive use may imply the inclination is increasing.)
- The wall is slanting to the side.
- (intransitive) to be inclined, to tend towards, to have a preference for [with zu ‘something’]
- Ich neige zu dieser Lösung.
- I am inclined to this solution.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | neigen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | neigend | ||||
past participle | geneigt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich neige | wir neigen | i | ich neige | wir neigen |
du neigst | ihr neigt | du neigest | ihr neiget | ||
er neigt | sie neigen | er neige | sie neigen | ||
preterite | ich neigte | wir neigten | ii | ich neigte1 | wir neigten1 |
du neigtest | ihr neigtet | du neigtest1 | ihr neigtet1 | ||
er neigte | sie neigten | er neigte1 | sie neigten1 | ||
imperative | neig (du) neige (du) |
neigt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
editFurther reading
editMiddle Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Old Dutch neigen, from Proto-Germanic *hnaigijaną, the causative of nigen.
Verb
editneigen
Inflection
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
Alternative forms
editDescendants
editFurther reading
edit- “neighen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “neigen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Old Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *hnaigijaną.
Verb
editneigen
Inflection
editinfinitive | neigen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | neigo, neigon | neigida |
2nd person singular | neigis, neigist | neigidos |
3rd person singular | neigit | neigida |
1st person plural | neigen | neigidun |
2nd person plural | neigit | neigidut |
3rd person plural | neigent | neigidun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | neige | neigidi |
2nd person singular | neiges, neigest | neigidis |
3rd person singular | neige | neigidi |
1st person plural | neigen | neigidin |
2nd person plural | neiget | neigidit |
3rd person plural | neigen | neigidin |
imperative | present | |
singular | neigi | |
plural | neigit | |
participle | present | past |
neigendi | neigit, gineigit |
Descendants
editFurther reading
edit- “nēgen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛi̯ɣən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛi̯ɣən/2 syllables
- Dutch terms with homophones
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch weak verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- Dutch causative verbs
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- German reflexive verbs
- German intransitive verbs
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch weak verbs
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch lemmas
- Old Dutch verbs
- Old Dutch basic verbs
- Old Dutch class 1 weak verbs