English edit

Pronunciation edit

  • (file)

Noun edit

ni

  1. (grammar) Initialism of noun inanimate.

See also edit

Anagrams edit

Abinomn edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. you (singular)

Afar edit

Pronunciation edit

Determiner edit

  1. our
    • Saytun Qhuraan kee kay maqnah tarjamaty Qafar afal tani [The clear Qur'an and its explanation translated into the Afar language]‎[2], Suurat Al-Faatica, verse 5:
      Diggah nanu Ni Rabbow koo inkittosnaah Qibaada dibuk koo caglisna, nanu ni-caagiidah inkih cato koo esserra.
      Our God, with strength we make you whole, only you we give [our] adoration, we as one ask you for help with our afairs.

See also edit

References edit

  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “ni”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[3], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Ainu edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ni (Kana spelling )

  1. tree
  2. wood

Synonyms edit

Albanian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Albanian *nū, from Proto-Indo-European *nū (now). Cognate to Sanskrit नू (, now).[1] Often occurs in coordination with other particles, compare tani, nani, nime.

Adverb edit

ni

  1. now
    Synonyms: tash, tani, , nani, nime

Related terms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 206

Anguthimri edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. (Mpakwithi) place
  2. (Mpakwithi) camp

References edit

  • Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 187

Aromanian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Vulgar Latin nīs, from Latin nos. Compare Romanian ne (older form ).

Pronoun edit

ni (unstressed accusative and reflexive form of noi)

  1. (direct object, first-person plural) us

Related terms edit

  • noi (stressed accusative)

Pronoun edit

ni (unstressed dative and reflexive form of noi)

  1. (indirect object, first-person plural) (to) us

Related terms edit

  • nau (stressed dative)

See also edit

Asturian edit

Noun edit

ni f (uncountable)

  1. nu (name for the letter of the Greek alphabet: Ν and ν)

Atong (India) edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *nɯi⁴ (two), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-ni-s (two). Cognate with S'gaw Karen ခံ (khee), Tibetan གཉིས (gnyis), Sikkimese ཉི (nyi), Nuosu (nyip), Burmese နှစ် (hnac).

Pronunciation edit

Numeral edit

ni (Bengali script নি)

  1. two

Synonyms edit

References edit

Bambara edit

Etymology 1 edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. soul, life, spirit

Etymology 2 edit

Conjunction edit

ni

  1. if
    Ni taara sugu la, i bɛ ne ba ye.
    If you go to the market, you will see my mother
  2. when

References edit

Basque edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Basque *ni.

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. First-person singular personal pronoun; I
    • 1989, Gorka Aulestia, Basque-English Dictionary, Douglas: William A, page 53:
      Ni errege izan nintzen.
      I was king.
    • 2013, Patricio Urquizu Sarasua, Gramática de la lengua vasca, Universidad Nacional de Educación de Distancia, page 154:
      Ni etorri naiz.
      I have come.

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • "ni" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
  • ni” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus

Biloxi edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. Synonym of ani (water)

References edit

Breton edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Brythonic *ni, from Proto-Celtic *snīs.

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. we (first-person plural personal pronoun)

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Brythonic *nei, from Proto-Celtic *neɸūss, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.

Noun edit

ni m (plural nied)

  1. nephew

Catalan edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Conjunction edit

ni

  1. neither, nor

Adverb edit

ni

  1. not even, even

Etymology 2 edit

Noun edit

ni f (plural nis)

  1. nu; the Greek letter Ν (lowercase ν)

Danish edit

Danish cardinal numbers
 <  8 9 10  > 
    Cardinal : ni
    Ordinal : niende

Etymology edit

From Old Norse níu, from Proto-Germanic *newun, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (nine).

Pronunciation edit

Numeral edit

ni

  1. nine

Drung edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nəj.

Noun edit

ni

  1. day

References edit

  • Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung[4], Santa Barbara: University of California

Dumbea edit

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. they

References edit

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl edit

Determiner edit

ni

  1. this.

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. this.

Esperanto edit

Etymology edit

From Italian noi, French nous, Spanish nos, Latin nos, plus the i of personal pronouns.

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni (first-person plural, accusative nin, possessive nia)

  1. we (first-person plural personal pronoun)
    Ni batis lin.
    We hit him.
  2. ourselves
    Ni diris al ni.
    We said to ourselves.

French edit

Etymology edit

From Middle French ny, from Old French ne, from Latin nec. Compare Italian , Catalan and Spanish ni, Portuguese nem.

Pronunciation edit

Conjunction edit

ni

  1. neither; nor
    • 1898, Revue du monde invisible, page 339:
      Notre imagination, si ardente qu’on la suppose, ne peut ni guérir instantanément une lésion organique, ni ressusciter un mort.
      Our imagination, so ardent as we suppose, can neither instantaneously heal an organic lesion, nor resuscitate the dead.
    • 1876, Bulletins et mémoires de la Société médicale des hôpitaux de Paris, Volume 12:
      [] les constitutions accidentelles ou intercurrentes ne sont ni moins importantes ni plus faciles à expliquer.
      [] accidental or intercurrent constitutions are neither less important nor easier to explain.
    • c. 1656–1662, Blaise Pascal, “Preuves par discours I – Papier original : RO 3-1 r° / v° et RO 7-1 r° / v°”, in Pensées [Thoughts]‎[5]:
      Mais nous ne connaissons ni l’existence ni la nature de Dieu, parce qu’il n’a ni étendue, ni bornes.
      But we know neither the existence nor the nature of God, because He has neither extent nor limits.

Usage notes edit

  • Used with the negative particle ne.
  • Chiefly used at least twice in the same sentence the same way neither and nor would be used in an English sentence, such as ni riche, ni pauvre (neither rich nor poor).

Derived terms edit

See also edit

Further reading edit

Gothic edit

Romanization edit

ni

  1. Romanization of 𐌽𐌹

Hausa edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Chadic, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ˀanāku.

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

  1. I (1st person singular pronoun)

See also edit

  • mínì (1st person singular indirect object enclitic pronoun)
  • (1st person singular independent object pronoun)
  • -wá (1st person singular possessive enclitic pronoun)

Hungarian edit

Etymology edit

Native word of debated origin:[1]

  1. Shortened from nézd (look!) ~ nízd (a dialectal variant).
  2. An onomatopoeia expressing astonishment.

Pronunciation edit

Interjection edit

ni

  1. (colloquial) lo!, look!
    Itt van ni!Look! Here it is!

Usage notes edit

Most of the time it is used in its duplicated form: nini!

References edit

  1. ^ ni in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading edit

  • ni in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Idi edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. water

References edit

Ido edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. (personal) we (first-person plural personal pronoun)

Ingrian edit

Pronunciation edit

Conjunction edit

ni

  1. Alternative form of niin
    • 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. I. Molotsova, Loonnontiito (ensimäin osa): oppikirja alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:
      Jot saavva tiitä mitä ono pintamaas, ni pittää tehä mokomat oopьtat.
      In order to get to know what is in the topsoil, (that's why) it's important to perform such experiments.

References edit

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 340

Interlingua edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From French and Spanish ni, from Latin nec (and not).

Adverb edit

ni

  1. and not.
    Io non sape, ni vole saperI don’t know, and I don’t want to know
  2. Neither, nor.
    Illo ni me place ni displaceIt neither pleases me nor displeases me
  3. And, or (following a "with no" or "without").
    Nos debe resister sin aqua ni alimentoWe must resist with no water or food

Italian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈni/
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Hyphenation:

Etymology 1 edit

Blend of no +‎ .

Adverb edit

ni

  1. (informal) neither yes nor no

Etymology 2 edit

 
Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Noun edit

ni m or f (invariable)

  1. nu (Greek letter)

Anagrams edit

Japanese edit

Romanization edit

ni

  1. Rōmaji transcription of
  2. Rōmaji transcription of

Kamano edit

Alternative forms edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. water

References edit

  • The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN

Kansa edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Siouan *wa-rį́• (water).

Noun edit

ni

  1. water
  2. any liquid
  3. river

References edit

Kedah Malay edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. you (singular)

Klao edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. water

References edit

  • World Lexicon of Grammaticalization (2002, →ISBN

Laboya edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. coconut

References edit

  • Allahverdi Verdizade (2019), “ni”, in Lamboya word list, Leiden: LexiRumah

Latin edit

Etymology edit

From Old Latin nei, from Proto-Indo-European *néy (not), from *ne. Cognates include Gothic 𐌽𐌴𐌹 (nei), Lithuanian nei, Old Church Slavonic ни (ni), Old Irish and Sanskrit (). See also .

Pronunciation edit

Adverb edit

(not comparable)

  1. not, if...not, unless- an absolutely negative particle like ne so only in combinations

Derived terms edit

Conjunction edit

  1. not, that not, unless; like ne in imperative and intentional clauses
    Ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas.(please add an English translation of this usage example)
    Vinum aliudve quid ni laudato.(please add an English translation of this usage example)
    Numa constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent ... ni qui ad polluctum emerent.Numa ordained scaleless fish not to be served nor bought for serving.

Ligurian edit

Etymology edit

From Latin nec.

Pronunciation edit

Conjunction edit

ni

  1. nor
  2. neither...nor
  3. either...or

Livonian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *nügüt. Cognates include Finnish nyt.

Adverb edit

ni

  1. now

Luxembourgish edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German nie, from Old High German nio. Cognate with German nie.

Pronunciation edit

Adverb edit

ni

  1. never

Synonyms edit

Malay edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Shortened form of ini, from Proto-Malayic *(i)ni(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)ni, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)ni.

Pronunciation edit

Determiner edit

ni

  1. (colloquial) this (the (thing) here)
  2. (colloquial) this (known (thing) just mentioned)
  3. (colloquial) this (known (thing) about to be mentioned)
  4. (colloquial) this (known (thing) that the speaker does not think is known to the audience)

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. (colloquial) this (The thing, item, etc. being indicated)

Mandarin edit

Romanization edit

ni

  1. Nonstandard spelling of .
  2. Nonstandard spelling of .
  3. Nonstandard spelling of .
  4. Nonstandard spelling of .

Usage notes edit

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Marshallese edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Micronesian *niu, from Proto-Oceanic *niuʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *niuʀ.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. coconut tree

Related terms edit

  • iu (coconut)

References edit

Middle English edit

Adverb edit

ni

  1. Alternative form of ne

Conjunction edit

ni

  1. Alternative form of ne

Middle Irish edit

Particle edit

ni

  1. Alternative spelling of

Mohegan-Pequot edit

Pronoun edit

ni (first person singular)

  1. singular first-person pronoun I

Navajo edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. second person singular pronoun you
    Shí dóó ni ayóo ałk’is niidlį́.
    You and I are really good friends.
  2. second person singular possessive pronoun yours
    Díí naaltsoos éí ni.
    This book is yours.

Usage notes edit

The verb in Navajo incorporates information about person, and many sentences may thus not have explicit independent pronouns. For instance:

  • Hooghandi naniná.
  • Ni éí hooghandi naniná.

Both sentences are grammatically complete, and mean essentially the same thing: you are at home. The verb naniná is in the second-person form, so the pronoun can be safely omitted, as in the first sentence. This is similar to pronoun dropping in other languages where the verb specifies person, such as Spanish. Meanwhile, the explicit use of ni in the second sentence emphasizes that the speaker is talking about you. This can be thought of as roughly equivalent to the use of emphasis in English: while the first sentence comes across as you're at home, the second one is more like you, you're at home.

See also edit

Naxi edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋja.

Noun edit

ni

  1. fish

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-ni-s.

Numeral edit

ni

  1. two

References edit

  • Naxi Dictionary by T.M. Pinson, Lijiang 2012

Ningil edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. water

References edit

  • transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66 : /niː/
  • Margaret Manning, Naomi Saggers, A Tentative Phonemic Analysis of Ningil (SIL), in Phonologies of five Austronesian languages (Richard Loving, John M. Clifton; 1975) : /ni/

Norwegian Bokmål edit

Norwegian Bokmål cardinal numbers
 <  8 9 10  > 
    Cardinal : ni
    Ordinal : niende

Etymology edit

From Old Norse níu (whence also Danish ni, Icelandic níu, Faroese níggju and Swedish nio) from Proto-Germanic *newun, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. Cognate with Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽 (niun); Old English niġon (English nine); Old Frisian nigun (West Frisian njoggen); Old High German niun (German neun).

Pronunciation edit

Numeral edit

ni

  1. nine

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

References edit

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Norwegian Nynorsk cardinal numbers
 <  8 9 10  > 
    Cardinal : ni
    Ordinal : niande

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse níu.

Numeral edit

ni

  1. nine

Derived terms edit

References edit

Nutabe edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. water

References edit

Old High German edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *ne.

Pronunciation edit

Particle edit

ni

  1. not

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Middle High German: ne
    • German: nee (dialectal)

Old Irish edit

Particle edit

ni

  1. Alternative spelling of

Omaha-Ponca edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Siouan *wa-rį́• (water).

Noun edit

ni

  1. water

References edit

  • Alice Cunningham Fletcher, Francis La Flesche, The Omaha Tribe (1970), page 166

Phalura edit

Etymology 1 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Determiner edit

ni (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling نیۡ)

  1. this (agr: prox fem / prox non-nom masc)

References edit

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[6], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Etymology 2 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Determiner edit

ni (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling نیۡ)

  1. these (agr: prox)

References edit

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[7], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Etymology 3 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling نیۡ)

  1. it
  2. she (prox fem nom)

References edit

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[8], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Etymology 4 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling نیۡ)

  1. they (prox nom)

References edit

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[9], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Polish edit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ni.

Conjunction edit

ni

  1. (archaic) Alternative form of ani
Derived terms edit

Particle edit

ni

  1. (dialectal) Alternative form of nie

Etymology 2 edit

Noun edit

ni n (indeclinable)

  1. Alternative form of ny

Further reading edit

  • ni in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ni in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Ancient Greek νῦ ().

Pronunciation edit

  • Hyphenation: ni

Noun edit

ni m (plural nis)

  1. nu (the thirteenth letter of the Greek alphabet)

Proto-Norse edit

Romanization edit

ni

  1. Romanization of ᚾᛁ

Rawang edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Alternative forms edit

Verb edit

ni

  1. to pour; to water.

Etymology 2 edit

Alternative forms edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. headhair.

Etymology 3 edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nəj. Cognate with Burmese နေ (ne) and နေ့ (ne.), Old Chinese (*njiɡ).

Noun edit

ni

  1. day (24 hour).
See also edit

Romanian edit

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Latin.

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. Alternative form of ne (dative of noi): to us
Usage notes edit

This form is used when ne (which is dative) is combined with the following accusatives:

  • îl (the accusative of el, contracted as ni-l)
  • îi (the accusative of ei, contracted as ni-i)
  • le (the accusative of ele)
  • se (the reflexive accusative of all third-person pronouns)
See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from Hungarian ni.

Interjection edit

ni

  1. (Transylvania) lo!, look!, behold!
    Ni la el!Look at him!

Samoan edit

Article edit

ni

  1. some (plural indefinite article)

Serbo-Croatian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Slavic *ni (nor, not), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *nej, from Proto-Indo-European *ney. Compare ni-, ne.

Particle edit

ni (Cyrillic spelling ни)

  1. (emphasizes negation) even, either
    ni ja to ne znam — even I don't know that; I don't know that either
    Nisam ni htio čuti njegov prijedlog.
    I didn't even want to hear his proposal.

Conjunction edit

ni (Cyrillic spelling ни)

  1. (shortening of niti) neither, nor
    ona nije ni pametna ni(ti) marljiva — she is neither smart nor industrious
    ni traga ni glasa o .. — not a trace about ..
    ni kriv ni dužan — completely innocent (lit. neither guilty nor indebted)

Sicilian edit

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. us, accusative of nuàutri
  2. us, dative of nuàutri
  3. us, reflexive of nuàutri

Inflection edit

nominative nuàutri
prepositional nuàutri
accusative ni
dative ni
reflexive ni
possessive nostru

See also edit

Slovene edit

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

  1. negative third-person singular present of bíti

Spanish edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈni/ [ˈni]
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: ni

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Spanish nin, from Latin nec, apocopated form of neque, from Proto-Indo-European *nekʷe (and not, neither, nor), from *ne (not) + *-kʷe (and). Compare Asturian and Galician nin, Catalan and French ni, Portuguese nem, Italian , Dalmatian ne. Indo-European cognates include Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌷 (nih) and Irish nach.

Conjunction edit

ni

  1. (coordinating) neither... nor
    Antonym: o ... o
    No tengo ni dinero ni tiempo.
    I have neither money nor time.
    1. (with three or more referents) none of...
      Ni Juan, ni Pedro, ni Felipe te darán la razón.
      None of John, Peter, or Phillip will give you the reason.
  2. nor, or
    No descansa de día ni de noche.
    He doesn't rest during the day nor during the night.
Derived terms edit

Adverb edit

ni

  1. not even
    No descansaba ni por un minuto
    I didn't rest even for a minute.
    Ni yo sé qué significa esta palabra.
    Not even I know what this word means.
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Noun edit

ni f (plural níes)

  1. nu; the Greek letter Ν, ν
    Synonym: ny

Further reading edit

Swahili edit

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

ni

  1. positive degree present and gnomic (all persons, numbers, and classes) of -wa (to be)

Swedish edit

Etymology edit

Since 1661, through rebracketing of the 2nd plural verb suffix -(e)n and the older pronoun I ("ye"), e.g. vissten I > visste ni (“did you know”). Compare Icelandic þér and þið which developed similarly.

The Old Swedish ī, īr derives from Old Norse *īʀ (East Norse variant of ér) from Proto-Germanic *jīz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Compare Danish I.

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. you (plural nominative), "y'all"
    Du är bara en person, men ni där borta är fyra personer
    You are just one person, but you/y'all over there are four people
  2. you (second-person singular nominative formal) (capitalized Ni, rare in modern use)
    1. (obsolete) title used when addressing a person of lower social rank
      Ni kan börja med att städa kontoret, fröken Andersson.
      –Javisst, Herr Direktör.
      You can start with cleaning the office, miss Andersson.
      –Certainly, Mr. Director
    2. (colloquial, perceived formal, derogatory to some) by some considered a respectful alternative to du (you), especially when addressing customers or the elderly
      Vill ni ha en påse med köpet?
      Do you want a bag with your purchase?

Usage notes edit

Both ni and er are second person plural forms, but can also be used as formal second person singular, as in the German Sie or French vous. It may sometimes also be capitalized (Ni, Er). The courteous "ni" was introduced in Swedish around the year 1900 as an alternative to the more complicated pattern of addressing others in the third person singular by their appropriate titles. This required knowledge of social status, occupation, educations, etc. with terms like fru (Mrs.) or fröken (Ms.), greve (count), kamrer (accountant), kandidat (bachelor's degree holder), etc. However this "ni-reform" was not well liked and when authority came to use the word ni to their subordinates the word got a condescending undertone. Interestingly enough the older I, from which ni was originally formed, was used alongside ni all along (and is still in use in some dialects) but never got the condescending undertone that ni got. This was all phased out gradually during the 1960s and 1970s in the so-called du-reformen, (“the you-reform”). In contemporary Swedish, du is universal and may be used to address anyone, regardless of differences in social status or age.

Ni is used occasionally by younger speakers to address customers in order to be formal and polite. However this is often seen as being overly formal and too contrived, even condescending and insulting, especially by older speakers. Formality and politeness in modern Swedish is not conveyed through specific grammatical forms, but primarily done through indirectness, manners of speaking or various other behaviors.

Declension edit

Synonyms edit

References edit

Anagrams edit

Tagalog edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Austronesian *ni (marker of possession).

Preposition edit

ni (plural nina, Baybayin spelling ᜈᜒ)

  1. of; possessive particle, used only with personal names
    bisikleta ni JuanJuan's bicycle
  2. objective marker for personal names, objective form of si; functional equivalent of ng
See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from Spanish ni (not even), from Old Spanish nin, from Latin nec, apocopated form of neque.

Conjunction edit

ni (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜒ)

  1. neither; nor
    Ni ako hindi nagsisigarilyo. Even I don't do cigarettes.
    Ni aso ni pusa. Neither dog nor cat.

Adverb edit

ni (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜒ)

  1. not even
    Hindi ako humingi ni isang butil ng bigas.I didn't ask not even for a single grain of rice.

Tarifit edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Verb edit

ni (Tifinagh spelling ⵏⵉ)

  1. (intransitive) to mount (on an animal)
  2. (intransitive) to get into, to board, to embark (a vehicle)

Conjugation edit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived Terms edit

  • Verbal noun: tnaya (mounting, boarding)
  • Causative: sni (to make board)
  • tnaya (transport)
  • amnay (rider; cavalier, knight)

Tokelauan edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ni]
  • Hyphenation: ni

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *ni. Cognates include Tuvaluan ni and Samoan ni.

Article edit

ni

  1. Plural indefinite article; any
See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Particle edit

ni

  1. Changes a statement into a polite question; isn't it? doesn't it?

References edit

  • R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary[10], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 250

Unami edit

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. I

Ura (Vanuatu) edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. tree

Further reading edit

  • Terry Crowley, Ura: A Disappearing Language of Southern Vanuatu (1999)

Uzbek edit

Particle edit

ni (Cyrillic ни)

  1. accusative case marker. It is placed after the direct object of a transitive verb.
    Men O'zbek tilini o'rganyapman.
    I am studying Uzbek.

Veps edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Russian ни (ni).

Determiner edit

ni

  1. not, not a, no

Inflection edit

Not inflected.

Conjunction edit

ni ... ni

  1. neither ... nor

References edit

  • Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “ни”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Vietnamese edit

Etymology edit

See này.

This is one of many cases in which monophthongs were not diphthongized in Central Vietnamese, compare mày vs. mi, chấy vs. chí, nước vs. nác.

Pronunciation edit

Determiner edit

ni

  1. (Central Vietnam) this

Adverb edit

ni

  1. (Central Vietnam) now

See also edit

Vietnamese demonstratives
Laurence Thompson (1965), Vietnamese Grammar
Unspecified Close to the
speaker or
newly introduced
Remote,
already identified
PLACE
đ- (first register)
đâu
‘wherever’
đây
‘here’
đấy
‘there’
REFERENCE
n- (second register)
nào
‘whichever’
này
‘this’
nọ
‘that’
PROPORTION
b- (first register)
bao
‘to whatever extent’
bây
‘to this extent’
bấy
‘to that extent’
MANNER
s- (first register)
v- (second register)
sao
‘however’
vầy
‘this way’
vậy
‘that way’
Nguyễn Phú Phong (1992), “Vietnamese Demonstratives Revisited”
D
(Indefinite)
D1
(Proximal)
D2
(Medial)
D3
(Distal)
+NOM(inal) đâu
place-what
đây
place-this
đấy
place-that1
±NOM(inal) đó
(place-)that1
kia
(place-)that2
–NOM(inal) nào
what
nầy
this
nấy/ấy
that1
nọ
that2
Vietnamese demonstratives (alternative version)
Proximal
(*-iː)
Distal 1
(*-iːʔ)
Distal 2
(*-əːʔ)
Distal 3/
Remote
(*-ɔːʔ)
Interrogative
(rime was a rounded
back vowel)
Place, attributive1
n-
ni

này
nấy nớ nọ nào
Place, nominal2
đ-
đây đí
đấy
đó đâu
Manner
r-
ri
rày
rứa ru
sao3
Extent 14
b-
bây bấy bao
Extent 25
v-
vầy vậy
1 Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hence nơi này (this place; here), nơi nào (where) (no longer completely true in the modern language).
2 Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, hence đây (here), đâu (where).
3 From earlier *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant).
4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu (this much), bấy nhiêu (that much), bao nhiêu (how much).
5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy (this fast), nhanh vậy (that fast/so fast).


Anagrams edit

Welsh edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Brythonic *ni, from Proto-Celtic *snīs.

Pronoun edit

ni

  1. us; we

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Celtic *nīs, from Proto-Indo-European *ne h₁ésti (is not).

Adverb edit

ni

  1. not

West Makian edit

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

ni (possessive prefix ni)

  1. second-person singular pronoun, you

See also edit

References edit

  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[11], Pacific linguistics

Yil edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. water

References edit

  • transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66 : /niː/
  • A Tentative Phonemic Statement in Yil in West Sepik Province, in Phonologies of five Austronesian languages (Richard Loving, John M. Clifton; 1975) : /ni/

Yoruba edit

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): /nĩ́/

Noun edit

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter N.
See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): /nĩ́/

Verb edit

  1. (transitive) to have

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): /nĩ́/

Preposition edit

  1. at, in (used when no movement is implied)
  2. preposition used for creating adverbials
Derived terms edit
See also edit

Etymology 4 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): /nĩ́/

Verb edit

  1. (intransitive) to say
See also edit

Etymology 5 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): /nĩ̄/

Verb edit

ni

  1. (transitive) to be (to have a quality or identification)
Usage notes edit

This verb cannot be used with regular subject pronouns such as mo or ó, and emphatic subject pronouns must be used in their place. This verb is also often used in a flipped structure where the quality or identification becomes the grammatical subject of the verb while an object pronoun is used for the actual subject of the sentence.

  1. Òun ni ọ̀rẹ́ mi. – He is my friend. (uses the emphatic pronoun òun instead of ó)
  2. Ṣé ọmọ Yorùbá ni yín? – Are you Yoruba? (Ọmọ Yorùbá becomes the subject of ni while "you" becomes the object pronoun yín)
See also edit

Etymology 6 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): /nĩ̄/

  1. (intransitive) to be bloated, to be tumid

Derived terms edit

Zou edit

Etymology 1 edit

 
Ni.

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *nii, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nəj. Cognates include Northern Min () and Burmese နေ (ne).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ni

  1. sun

Etymology 2 edit

Zou cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : ni

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ni, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-ni-s. Cognates include Northern Min () and Tibetan གཉིས (gnyis).

Pronunciation edit

Numeral edit

ni

  1. two

References edit

  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40

Zulu edit

Etymology 1 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective edit

-ni?

  1. what (kind of)
Inflection edit
Enumerative concord, tone H
Modifier
Class 1 muni
Class 2 bani
Class 3 muni
Class 4 mini
Class 5 lini
Class 6 mani
Class 7 sini
Class 8 zini
Class 9 yini
Class 10 zini
Class 11 luni
Class 14 buni
Class 15 kuni
Class 17 kuni

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun edit

-ni

  1. Combining stem of nina.

References edit